سلمان وجدانی

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease that can result from cytokines activity such as TNFɑ. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pulsed electromagnet therapy on femoral strength and bone microstructure in ovariectomized rats.
In this experimental study, 30 rats were randomly divided into control, experimental1 (ovariectomized) and two experimental groups; namely ovariectomized and undergoing pulsed electromagnet groups. The control and experimental1 groups were kept under controlled conditions, while the two experimental groups were treated with pulsed electromagnet (2.4 mT) from 12 postoperative weeks for 30min, 3days a week, for 10 weeks. Then, the subjects were sacrificed and their femoral bones were removed to determine the strength and the bone microstructure parameters (the trabecular and cortical thicknesses and trabecular distances). In order to determine bone microstructures, the sections were prepared and stained with H&E. Then, Haworth method was used to measure. One-way ANOVA, repeated measurements, and Scheffe post- hoc tests were applied to analyze the obtained data. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software (version 16; Chicago,IL).
Despite equal initial weight of the subjects (P=0.15), they significantly gained weight after12 and also 22 postoperative weeks (P Pulsed electromagnet, can be effective on the osteoporosis improvement.

One of the most serious health problems is osteoporosis and it is mandatory to find preventive methods to confront this difficulty. Non-pharmacological methods are in priority due to less side effects. This study investigated the effect of treadmill running exercise on bone microarchitectures in female osteoporotic rats induced by ovariectomy. 30 rats were randomly divided into three groups of control، experimental one، and experimental two. Control and Experimental one (Ovariectomized) groups were kept in control conditions. The Experimental group two was subjected to 10 weeks treadmill running exercise from the 12th- post operative week. The animals were weighted in all the stages of the protocol. Finally، all rats were sacrificed and their femoral bones were removed for bone strength and bone microarchitectures analysis by using One-Way ANOVA test. The Repeated Measure was used to analyze the weight changes during the study. The results showed that despite the same initial weight among groups (P=0. 31)، weight increased significantly in 12th and 22th postoperative weeks (P<0. 001). Ovariectomy induced a significant decrease in Trabecular Thickness (TT) and Cortical Thickness (CT) (P<0. 001). It also induced a weakened femoral bone strength (P=0. 003). The levels of TT، CT، and bone strength increased in experimental group two compared to experimental group one and Trabecular Separation (TS) decreased، either (P<0. 001). The results indicated that a moderate intensity treadmill running exercise has a protective effect on osteoporotic bones.

Routine medical tests does not have any benefits on postoperative complications and treatment of patients with low risk surgery like cataract. Anesthesiologist management of preoprative unnecessary routine tests , can be effective in reducing patient anxiety and costs and also reducing the possibility of postponement of operation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of routine preoperative tests in the treatment process and hospital costs of cataract surgery as a low-risk surgery.
One hundred and fifty patients, aged 50-85 years with ASA class I-III that scheduled for elective cataract surgery were enrolled to this descriptive study. Results of history and physical examination as well as tests were recorded on special forms in operating room. Any changes in the treatment process and also the operating and recovery room complications were recorded.
In total,70.2% of tests were unnecessary and 6% added to the patient’s hospital costs. 14.6% of patients had abnormal tests with 0.7% changes in the treatment process. None of the patients had any complications during the surgery and recovery course.
Conclution: Unnecessary investigations and tests are common before cataract surgery but had no significant effect on treatment process. This confirms the importance of the anesthesiologist's preoperative visit.

One of the most common complications of surgery is postoperative pain. Effective control of postoperative pain is important for anesthesiologists and surgeons. Because there is no general agreement on gender differences in pain perception، the purpose of this study is to compare the effect of gender on acute pain after tibial fracture surgery.

Spinal anesthesia was performed in the same manner in 102 patients candidated for tibial fracture surgery (51 males and 51 females). 2، 4، 8، 12 and 24 hours after surgery، pain scores were recorded according to the VAS criteria. First requested analgesic and the total amount of analgesic were recorded.

Results showed that in the first 8 hours after surgery، women reported significantly more pain (p<0. 05). During the next hours، pain was greater in women but not statistically significant (p>0. 05). Time of the first analgesic requested earlier in women than men (p<0. 05). The total amount of analgesic intake was significantly greater in women (p<0. 05).

Women experience more intense pain after tibial fracture surgery and need more analgesic in the postoperative period.

Introduction & Women during their lifetime experience a variety of physiological changes that can affect their physiological capacity to perform exercise and induce reduction in achieving the benefits of training. So، finding the best time to perform maximum physical performance is essential. Sports drink consumption can also help to enhance athletic performance. The purpose of this study is to determine the best time to perform the maximum physical performance and the effect of sports drink on exercise capacity in active young women. 22 female students with at least 2 years experience in regular aerobic exercise، voluntarily participated in this clinical trial study and were randomly divided into control group (no supplement) and intervention group (drinking sports drink). The physical performance was evaluated in two periods of early and late follicular phases. The data was analyzed by statistical tests and spss16 software. In the early follicular phase compared with the late follicular phase، Vo2max significantly decreased in the control group (P=0. 02)، There was a significant difference between the two groups in the Vo2max during the early follicular phase (P=0. 03). Resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were not significantly different between the groups and different phases (P>0. 05). Contrary to the intervention group، the first and third minute recovery heart rates in the control group significantly increased in the early follicular phase compared with the late follicular phase (Respectively، P= 0. 016،P=0. 043)، and compared with the intervention group، the first and third minute recovery heart rates significantly increased during the early follicular phase (Respectively، P= 0. 021، P=0. 025). Recovery systolic and diastolic blood pressure were not statistically significant between the two groups، and each group in different phases (P>0. 05). Late follicular phase compared to the early follicular phase is the most appropriate time to perform exercise. Sports drink consumption containing 6% carbohydrate during early follicular phase can also improve the physical performance. (Sci J Hamadan Univ Med Sci 2014; 20 (4): 280-287)