فهرست مطالب سمیه مشاری

In the present study, the resistance of 30 common commercial sugar beet cultivars against root rot caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium oxysporum was evaluated in West Azerbaijan province during 2017 and 2018. Cultivars were inoculated in pots under controlled greenhouse conditions. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with 15 replications and 5 controls for each treatment. Ranking based on root rot intensity caused by inoculation of R. solani was done eight weeks after inoculation with a scale of 1-9. Harvest Index was also calculated for each treatment. Ranking based on leaves color yellowing and root rot caused by F. oxyporum were recorded weekly from the second week after inoculation with 0-5 index. The mean of area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated for the disease development comparison among cultivars. Also, in order to compare the cultivars damping off under normal condition, a field experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design. Missing or dying plants were counted three time after thinning and weeding. Dying plants were identified and transferred to the laboratory for diagnosis of the disease. The results of AUDPC calculation were obtained under field conditions and resistant cultivars were identified. The white sugar yield of cultivars per unit area was calculated. The results obtained from the cultivars resistance in the field and greenhouse with the genetic characteristics of the cultivars introduced by the sugar beet seeds companies were compared and resistant cultivars with high yield were introduced. The BTS233, Flores, Delta, and Murialle showed relative resistance to both pathogens and showed significant yield per hectare and are recommended in fields with contamination.

Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. sub sp. vulgaris) is an industrial crop which is mainly grown for sugar extraction from its root, and is also used directly and indirectly by human and livestock. This study was carried out during October to December 2016 to determine the residues rate of two highly consumed insecticides called Chloropyrifos and Cypermethrin, on sugar beet produced in Urmia, Khoy, Salmas, Bukan, Miandoab, Mahabad and Naghedeh and pulps from three sugar factory of Urmia, Miandoab and Naghadeh in West Azerbaijan province. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used for this purpose. Results of the samples from Urmia, Khoy, Salmas, Bukan, Miandoab, Mahabad and Naghedeh showed that the chlorpyrifos insecticide in the city of Khoy had the highest residual rate, and followed by samples from Miandoab, Bukan, and Salmas, respectively. In the root samples collected from Mahabad, Naghdeh, and Urmia, and pulp samples from Miandoab, Urmia and Naghdah factories no insecticide residues were detected. In the case of Cypermethrin, the highest residuals were in Khoy followed by Bukan, Naghadeh, Miandoab and Urmia, respectively.. No cypromethrin insecticide residues were found in Mahabad and Salmas areas and in pulp obtained from Miandoab, Urumia and Naghadeh.