سهیلا دریساوی جرفیان

despite the many benefits of dental implants, their cost remains a controversial issue. No study in Iran evaluated the costs and benefits of this treatment accurately, so the present study aimed to investigate the economic burden of implant surgery on the urban households of Ardabil province in 2021.

in this descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional study, the economic burden of implant surgery was estimated using the cost of illness method and human capital method. In this study, based on the content and purpose, the prevalence-based approach was used and a suitable checklist was prepared. The statistical population was patients referred to public and private centers providing dental services in Ardabil city. The sample size was calculated to be 160 people and a random sampling method was used for sampling. . Data analysis was done with SPSS version 21 software and Excel software.

The results of the investigation showed that the total cost of implant surgery per unit was (118680744 Rials), 82.11% of these costs were related to direct medical costs, 10.92% were related to non-medical direct costs, and 6.97% were related to indirect medical expenses. Also, the economic burden of implant surgery on Ardabil society was estimated at 71 trillion 467 billion 62 million 235 thousand 635 Rials.

Implant surgery imposes a huge cost on society, so by planning the essential preventive tooth decay strategy, the economic burden imposed by implant surgery on the society of Ardabil can be reduced in the future.

This study aims to investigate the effect of the flipped class and the traditional method on the satisfaction, motivation, and learning rate of the diagnostic pathology course. And 4 reviews of dental students in Ardabil were carried out in 1401.

In this study, which was carried out as a time series experimental design (semi-experimental time series), all of 45 dental students of Ardabil, who in the academic semester of 1400-1401 took diagnostic pathology courses 3 and 4 opinions were selected, and entered into the study. After dividing and presenting the content according to the studied variables, two groups receiving traditional education and flipped classroom education were compared. To analyze the data, an independent t-test, Mann–Whitney U, and analysis of variance were used using SPSS version 26 software. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered.

The results showed that with the increase in the number of quiz, the average learning score of the students in the theoretical diagnostic pathology course 3 and 4 in the flipped classroom method was higher than the traditional teaching method The average total learning by lecture method was 6.12 and by the flipped class method was 8.43 and the standard deviation was 2.59 and 3.40, respectively.
(P < 0.05); However, there was no significant difference in the level of motivation and level of satisfaction in diagnostic pathology courses 3 and 4 in the flipped class and the traditional method (P<0.05).

The results of statistical analysis indicated that flipped class improves the level of learning compared to traditional teaching and thus causes academic progress in students. It is suggested that teachers use active teaching methods to increase productivity.

Empathy between dentists and patients increases patient satisfaction and the effectiveness of dental treatments. With more empathy, dentists find more competence in taking history, performing clinical examinations and need assessment and treatment plans and giving instructions after treatment, and getting the cooperation of their patients. Research has shown that students' empathy decreases during their studies.

60 students completed the Jefferson Clinical Empathy Questionnaire. Students were randomly assigned to two intervention and control groups of 30 people. The workshop was held for the group. After one month, the clinical empathy questionnaire was completed again by both groups. The questionnaire information of both groups before and after the workshop was entered into SPSS version 21 software and analyzed.

There was no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups regarding demographic and educational variables. Also, the average score of Jefferson's empathy in the two groups before the intervention was not statistically significant (P=0.76). However, after holding the training program for the case group, a statistically significant difference was found in the clinical empathy score of the case group and the control group (P=0.03). Also, the difference in the mean empathy score of the case group before and after the intervention was significant (P=0.05). Except for the ethnicity variable (P=0.03), none of the demographic variables had a significant relationship with the empathy score after the intervention.

By teaching communication skills, the level of clinical empathy of dental students can be improved.

The 2019 coronavirus pandemic is a major threat to global public health due to unprecedented individual and social fear and anxiety and it puts significant stress on health-related quality of life and challenges health care professionals, including dentists, with increasing patient burdens, unprecedented disruptions in normal life and The high risk of being exposed to the disease has put them in stressful situations and therefore they are more exposed to stressful situations that can affect their quality of life. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the level of perceived stress and the quality of life of the students and professors of Ardabil Dental School in the face of the outbreak of the 2019 coronavirus disease in 2021 and the relationship between these two variables with the demographic characteristics of the participants.

To measure the level of perceived stress, Cohen's Perceived Stress Questionnaire was used, and to measure the quality of life, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Standard Questionnaire-Abbreviated (WHOQOL-BREF) was used. The statistical population in this study is all dental professors and dental students of the Faculty of Dentistry of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered.

From the statistical population of this study, a total of 227 people including 33 professors and 194 students participated in the study. There was no significant relationship between demographic variables and perceived stress variables and quality of life. Perceived stress and quality of life were higher for professors than for students during the pandemic. There was a direct relationship between perceived stress variables and quality of life in both groups. The level of perceived stress in both groups was lower than the optimal level and the quality of life in both groups was higher than the optimal level.

Students and professors of Ardabil Faculty of Dentistry experienced moderate stress during the Covid-19 epidemic and had a good quality of life. By comparing between the two groups of participants, professors had more perceived stress.

Intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a rare lesion that is mostly seen in the mandible and in the premolar and molar region. In some cases, clear cells can be seen, which makes it difficult to diagnose. The purpose of this case report is the clinical and histopathological evaluation of the clear cell variant of hntraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma in the anterior region of the lower jaw that was referred to the dentistry faculty of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.