سید محمد امام زاده

From the perspective of scholars of hadith, accepting and trusting the narratives of a narrator depends on a variety of factors, lack of each result in distrust. However in special conditions, some of these inconveniences can be ignored and the narratives can be sentenced to correctness. Among these factors, lying and having reputation in heresy due to the great damage which imposes on the justice of narrators are the ones that according to scholars of both Shia and Sunni sects, without any exception, lead to distrust in a narrator’s narratives. In this article, reflecting on evidences in infallible Imams (PBUT) narratives and studying the statements of the experts on narrators (Rijal)., this theory has been proven that the two factors of lying and having reputation in heresy, can be seen more than all the Shiite narrators, in the extremists (ghalis) and therefore their fame for these two attributions is the most important cause of their weakness.

Sheikh Mufid is one of the great Imami jurisprudents, mujtahidin, theologians and muhadithin in the 3rd and 4th A.D that it can be seen intellectualization and flowering of Ijtihad in his precious record in the different fields of Islamic sciences. His interpretative opinions in the field of the Quran exegesis like other fields show obviously his ijtihad in interpreting of the noble Quran which his theological interference from the noble Quran narratives on Imamate is one of the most obvious backgrounds in his creativity and innovation in determining theological subjects of imamate and answering its obscurities. Therefore, this paper endeavors to determine and study the exegetical- theological themaics of Imamate in the noble Quran narratives. The studies in his scientific heritage of sheikh Mufid show (enlighten) that the most learned, performing miracles, infallible, being addressed by God are of theological thematics in the field of circumstances and necessities of Imamate in the Quran narratives and from the other side being concealed the birthday of our Age Imam (peace be upon him), mastering of Imamate in childhood, the norm of absence of Imam, the length of the life of the Imam of the Age, there is no conflict between the tradition “who dies but does not know the Imam of his time will have died the death of ignorance” and the absence of the Imam of the Age, continuing necessity to the Imam in the time of absence are of the most important theological thematics in the professional field of Mahdaviat in the noble Quran narratives in the discourse of Sheikh Mufid. The study of the obscurity of the restriction of performing miracles to prophets is of the other subjects of this note.

Dating- in- verse is a rhetorical art which-according to the most reliable documents- appeared during the period of decline in Arabic literature, although some authors believed that Pre-Islamic poets also wrote some kinds of it.Dating-in-verse is the versification of a date written by use of ABJD alphabetical order, in which each letter marks or equals a number, e.g. A=1, B=2, J=3 etc.To versify a date, the poet makes a phrase or a sentence whose letters –if summed up- equal the date of an event, like the date of someone's birth or death and so on.Having harmony, rhythm and rhyme, the versified date can be memorized easier than a date made of mere a number.This art has been popular in traditional literary circles during last two centuries and Shiite theologians have created numerous verses of this poetic type.This paper deals with the introduction of this rhetoric art and the poetic samples written by Shiite theologians during two last centuries.

One of the methods of the past scholars for better and faster learning of sciences has been the versification of scientific material. This type of poetry is called ta‘līmī (didactic) in technical terms.Many scholarly manẓūmas (poetic compositions) on such sciences as jurisprudence, uṣūl (principles of jurisprudence), ethics, logics, philosophy, theology, rijāl (biographies of dignitaries), and Arabic literature are found in the works and writings of the Shī‘a jurists of the last two centuries. Among these, the juriprudential manẓūmas are the greatest in number. In this article, we will follow our discussion in two parts: in the first part, we will point out the most significant manẓūmas of the last two centuries, and in the second, we will examine and analyze three manẓūmas for further familiarization with such poetic compositions.