سید محمد زارع اشکذری

Today, the tourism industry has been recognized as an important and influential factor in the global economy, and the various countries of the world are taking advantage of this industry to achieve sustainable economic, social, cultural development, and so on. In this industry, natural attractions have a dual value; one of the most important forms is ecotourism or natural tourism. Not only governmental organizations, but private organizations also have only a superficial understanding of ecotourism activities; as it is still at the beginning point, the economic, social and cultural effects of ecotourism’s development in Iran have not yet been identified. With the aim of identifying and introducing ecotourism attractions, this research presents a clear picture of the ecotourism conditions of Yazd province and the effects of these natural capacities on tourism development. Finally, there are some practical solutions for the development of ecotourism in Yazd province. This is a descriptive-analytical research and data was collected using documentary, surveying and field studies methods. The SOAR analytical technique has been used to elaborate a development strategy and to describe the strengths, opportunities, aspirations and measurable results. Based on the results obtained, with regard to the identified strengths such as the existence of areas of people’s participation in the tourism activities and Yazd province being located in Central Iran, etc., opportunities have been provided such as increasing employment and development of the province, which ultimately, will lead to opportunities, such as achieving a sustainable environment, reaching the highest levels of prosperity and comfort in the province, achieving full employment, etc. It is also expected to achieve results such as doubling of funding, the creation of a camp and a recreational hotel in Shirkouh area and the construction of a traditional restaurants with garden in the countryside of Deh-bala and Sunnij.

cultural or heritage tourism is a tool of economic development that leads to economic growth by attracting visitors from outside the host community of historic and heritage attractions of destinations. this is a human heritage as cultural traditions of each society and is considered as cultural tourist attractions. In this regard, Yazd city is an ancient city and having ancient culture, and also having rich cultural heritage as cultural tourism products. despite these attractions, especially the urban attractions have possessing importance because reflected of Iranian civilization identity and culture and is considered as a component of development of Yazd city. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of these culture attractions in the development of cultural tourism in Yazd city.
Based on components studied is research Type, applied and methods of study, descriptive- analytical. Statistical population under study in this research is 384 internal tourists visitor of heritage- cultural the attractions of Yazd city in 2014, which is calculated based on Cochrane sampling. To analyze of Influence degree of development different indicators in cultural tourism has been used from network analysis model (ANP) and SWOT planning model in order to Formulation strategic planning of cultural tourism development in the city of Yazd. Attractions and capabilities of destinations heritage - cultural are as independent variables and Cultural and urban tourism development as dependent variables.
Review the number of Internal and external tourists Yazd province in during the spring and summer 2011 shows around 1,244,048 tourists were entered in the province that 92 percent of this tourists namely around 1,144,524 are tourists that have visited of cultural - historical monuments city of Yazd. Of this number tourists, 404,389 tourists have most likely a day trip and 839,659 tourists had to stay overnight at the hotel in town. Investigating the number of tourists who have visited from historical sites Yazd city during the years 2007 to 2011 shows that after from 2009 the number of tourist arrivals sharply has decreased So that this number of 40,360 foreign tourists in 2009 has declined to 17,271 tourists in 2011 years. Also the number of internal tourists has decreased from 422,293 visitors in 2009 to 344,418 tourists in 2011.Today, tourism growth and become more competitive, is undeniable necessity for the development and promotion of qualitative and quantitative functions and infrastructure needed for tourists. In this regard, considering that there are a lot of historical places and tourism in Yazd city. Tourist facilities in Yazd city is significantly more than any other city or cities. From number 42 hotel in provinces, 47 hotels are located in the Yazd city, which by itself represents this concentration of tourist facilities in Yazd city. Also there are 36 tourism offices in provinces that from this is located 26 tourist office in Yazd city. The results of field surveys shows 43/1 percent of Internal tourists are complete acquaintance with historical and tourism sites of city that is represents an effective advertising in this field. in this regard, 78/9 percent of tourist believe that cultural attractions advertising in the city Yazd city, a lot of can be effective in outlining the true face of Islamic- Iran culture and attract of internal tourists. analytical findings based on network analysis Shows indicators of cultural tourism capacities with amount 0/124 and tourists satisfy with 0/116are a very important factor in increasing of development cultural tourism in Yazd city.
The first step in analyzing strategic planning of cultural tourism in Yazd city is to identify the dimensions and variables affecting in growth of this type of tourism. So the first attempt to extracted strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of this kind of tourism. equal with investigations conducted in relation to cultural tourism in Yazd city, have allocated weaknesses and threats in this type of tourism, with coefficients of 8/41 and 7/36 most amount and strengths and opportunities with coefficients 6/12 and 6/54 lowest amount. Status of cultural tourism in Yazd city is faced with numerous weaknesses. this means that with current planning process, greater emphasis there have been on increasing the number of tourist arrivals and income increase in this field of tourism and been neglected to issues like investment and participation of private sector in order the restoration and maintenance of heritage–cultural phenomena. So that this heritage and cultural attractions that reflect the culture of people Yazd is very attractive for domestic and foreign tourists are slowly affected by erosion So that this heritage and cultural attractions that reflect the culture of people Yazd and is very attractive for Internal and external tourists are slowly affected by erosion. Therefore, to provide strategic planning of cultural tourism for Yazd city will be used win strategy because this strategy will completely disable the internal negative factors. in this regard, provide a coordinated program and integrated management in all sectors of cultural tourism, holding event and cultural – religious rituals in historic place, investment in the sector material cultural heritage, cooperation with universities, reconstruction and rehabilitation of historic centers as a attraction major of cultural tourism, human resource management, maintenance and preservation of cultural heritage by establishing a heritage museum, use of glass Shield or fences for historic homes and other historic sites are important and vulnerable, create the residential centers in the towns periphery of Yard to more durability tourists and visitors historical monuments, create vast green spaces in the center and historical attractions with maintaining non-interference and non-damaging to the historic attractions, commercial use of historic homes on the condition of invulnerability and destruction and the signing of a memorandum of cooperation in the field of absorb and transmit tourists between the three provinces of Isfahan, Fars and Yazd, and also set up a joint educational centers and training cultural heritage Studies Have the most impact on the Development of cultural tourist attractions in Yazd.

Cultural tourism is an important part of tourism in a country or cultural regions that the people's history, traditions, art, values and lifestyle are considered as the most important components in this geographic areas. Purpose of this study is to investigate the Effective Factors on development of cultural tourism from the view point of foreign tourists in Yazd city. Type of Research is applied and it’s Method is analytical - descriptive. Statistical Society is 169 foreign tourists in year 2014 based on Cochran Sampling and also Regular and systematic method. For collecting information, library and field methods have been used. Research findings suggest that 66.9 percent of foreign tourists believe that poor management and lack of performing projects in field of cultural tourism to a large extent can faced the development of cultural tourism with the serious problem. In this regard, 75.2% of tourists believe that the impact of useful and effective advertisement which covers the historical, traditional and architecture values of Kavir, has a great importance and essential effect for attracting cultural tourists. In this regard, 75.2 percent of tourists believe that they know very important and fundamental impact of useful and effective advertising to attract of cultural tourists on Historical values, traditional and Architecture. Obtained standardized coefficients of Structural model in research and level of significance (- 0.0021) shows that the role of all seven components in development of cultural tourism is very important because that significance of all components are greater than 1.96. Results of the structural model of Management Components In the field of Cultural tourism of Yazd city shows that direct effects of how the concurrent administration of historic attractions, amount of investment in tourism industry respectively Equal to 6.79 and 6.09. Also among the components of examined, Components of education have been fundamental weaknesses in the field of cultural tourism. finally, proposed solutions for optimal and sustainable development of cultural tourism in Yazd city.