فهرست مطالب سید مهدی دلبری

Tourism is an effective tool in cultural interactions and familiarization with the culture and civilization of nations, and culture, which is the most obvious symbol of a society's identity and dignity, is influenced by it. Considering the plurality of Muslim communities and their increasing desire for pilgrimages, religious tourism has gained great importance and is one of the rich propositions and opportunities for promoting cultural foundations and raising the cultural level of Muslims. On the other hand, in discussions related to entrepreneurship, which has the greatest impact on the economic development of today's societies - especially when they are in the process of innovation - the importance of using neglected capacities such as religious tourism with an entrepreneurial perspective is particularly important. In this research, which was based on library and analytical studies, the entrepreneurial capacities in religious tourism and its cultural and social benefits were examined in several aspects, and solutions were presented as conclusions, along with emphasizing the necessity of playing a better role in the development of entrepreneurial capacities in the religious tourism sector and the development of social and economic interactions. In the end, it is suggested that an entrepreneurial view into religious tourism capacities is a very valuable and effective opportunity for economic and sociocultural growth at the regional and national levels, so it should be considered by politicians and entrepreneurs.

Development of vegetation is the most important ecology managment Effort of desert erea, that is possible by recognizing Flor and knowing charactristic of ecologic growth ereas . there are growth lands with herbal couer of sandy plants in sandy lands and hills of dry lands Df Sabzevar plain And the most important spiecies according dominance is stipagrostis pennata.
In this research ,restricted areas of this growth land by using of current sources is determined and major characteristic of growth land in the field of hight, rate of rains , soil cover and chemical elements of soil and kind of Distribution of plant communities in desert studies by Using of systematic sampling – randomly in 4 research sites is considerated and condition of stability species and ecologic factors and soil is studied and spss software is used for analyzing of data. In the sandy region of studied casses herbal cover were consisted of 3 tips of salsola – Astragalus – stipagrostis and speice had the most cotraction between other speices, which has ecologic stability in desert environ ments against of less uariety of this plant, species of this habitate in the least rate of yearly rain and desert area with a soil pH 9/8 to – 9/7 and EC 34- 44 ds/m has a suitable growth – in Varience analisiz between growth factors and soil habitates founded that there is direct and real relation between vate of calcium of soil and type of species covers and A less allcoli soil has better effect on thye type of cover of this specie in the region of has researched studied.

Soil erosion and sand movement is one of environmental threats of the desert areas and vegetation partially prevents the creation of this phenomenon. One of the most important species growing in Sabzevar desert plains and sandy dunes, regarding too dense canopy and their root density, which have a considerable impact on soil protection and prevent movement of sands, is Stipagrostis pennata.
In this study, the limited area of Stipagrostis pennata, by using the present sources is determined and the general specification of habitat and the position of root and shoot were surveyed in desert studies. Four research sites were considered by using random systematic sampling, the situation of canopy cover beside the nature of soil, and root network inside the soil. In the sand area, the S. pennant is grown as a dominant index species and social habitat in the texture of soil (more than 91%sand). The results and observations suggest this species has a unique compatibility with sand cords root sheath and extending the root system as extensive network which often is the long-jet surface and this feature protects topsoil from erosion occurs around the plant. On the other hand, according to aerial significant characteristic of stem density and a short canopy contact with the soil surface and its height between 30 and 50 cm for all samples plays a very important role in stabilizing sands movement and preventing sand and soil erosion.

Discovering ecological factor of desert indicator specific species is considered as an applied study aiming to shed light on edaphic and ecological factors influencing the very labor ever and their management. In the Land of sandy desert soil conditions are very compatible with special herbs, growing and one of the most important species is Stipagrostis pennata That of the family Poaceae. In the current research climate of the study area is cold dry. A random systematic design has been applied in 4 sites called A, B, C, and D within a distincthabitat of S. pennanta. The most important ecological factor for the growth and distribution of Sand plain desert region as a dominant species and communities of habitat, species Soil compatibility with sandy hair root sheath and the development of the root system in wide area network. Studies have shown that in addition to the impact of the consolidation of sands. The results show that there is a direct relationship between the amount of nitrogen and growth properties off S. pennanta.

The protection and improvement of natural resources especially for desert vegetation need a comprehensive recognition of natural resources and relationship on Soil characteristics. One of the most important species growing in sabzevar desert is Stipagrostis pennata and in the current research the relationship between the physicochemical properties of the soils and growth characteristics of the S. pennanta including density, canopy cover and amount elements of soil have been studied in the land. A random systematic design has been applied in 4 sites called A, B, C, and D within a distincthabitat of S. pennanta. Soil samples have been taken from 2 depths (0 - 30 cm) and 30-60 and prop Hon of clay, silt and sand content, amount of N, P, K, C, Na, Ca and Mg have been determined in a soil lab. The soil physico–chemical and plant growth data have been analyzed through statistical methods using the SPSS software. Further finding of this study show that the growth characteristics of S. pennanta such as density, canopy cover and forage production rarely depend on soil chemical properties but there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the canopy cover and amount of Ca. This has been shown by higher canopy cover in site B which has higher Ca..The results show that there is direct relationship between the amount of nitrogen and growth properties off of Stipagrostis pennata and other elements of the soil was not significant.

The level of interest that college students show in doing multiple student institutions’ programs, is among the most important parameters in the quantitative and qualitative growth of the cultural activities which are carried out by these institutions not to mention the role they play in the favorable carry-out of such programs. Creating motivation and interest among students and consequently their participation in these programs, prepare ground for the cultural ascent and a better functioning of the students in cultural circles and arenas. In this article, the most important impetuses that encourage students to actively participate in these programs and their subsequent effects are analyzed and studied in details. In the article at hand, a descriptive-analytical method has been used within a strategic-experimental outlook and with the aim of creating liveliness in students’ institutions as well as upgrading the qualitative and quantitative level of their activities. Moreover, the effective factors in the creation of such incentives have been found as follows: Identification of the students’ needs and preparing ground for the realization of such needs, holding skill-training courses, utilizing the novel tools of virtual world, development-based and accountable view toward students institutions, cultural creativity and innovation in addition to entrepreneurship, expanding the participation of active student groups and strong cultural planning next to creating an archive of professional experiences.

Understanding the environmental factors is considered as an applied study aiming to shed light on edaphic and ecological factors influencing the very labor ever and their management. In the hills and sandy desert land with soil conditions grow special plants. In the current research the relationship between the physicochemical properties of the soils and growth characteristics of the S. pennant. In the current research the relationship between the physicochemical properties of the soils and growth characteristics of the S. pennanta including density, canopy cover, height and cordage protean have been studied in the lands of the Sabzevar plain about 75 km southwest of the Sabzevar city.The climate of the study area is cold dry. Research A random systematic design has been applied in 4 sites called A, B, C, and D within a distincthabitat of S. pennanta. Soil samples have been taken from 2 depths (0 - 30 cm) and 30-60 and prop Hon of clay, silt and sand content, amount of N, P, K, C, Na, Ca, Mg,; in addition and PH have been determined in a soil lab. The soil physico–chemical and plant growth data have been analyzed through statistical methods using the SPSS software and Excel worksheet. Discussion and Vegetation consists type Salsola - Astragalus - Stipagrostis.The most important ecological factor for the growth and distribution of Sand plain desert region as a dominant species and communities of habitat, species Soil compatibility with sandy hair root sheath and the development of the root system in wide area network. The results indicated that the soil texture of the study area is predominantly sandy (more them 91%); it is concluded that for establishment of Spinet the soil of area should have at least 90% sand. However the sand amount of more than 90% dose of sand does not have signifying inflounce on the S. pennanta growth characteristics. Further finding of this study show that the growth characteristics of S. pennanta such as density, canopy cover, height and forage production rarely depend on soil chemical properties while they are mainly influenced by ecological factors. However, it should be mentioned that there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the canopy cover and amount of Ca. This has been shown by higher canopy cover in site B which has higher Ca. The results show that there is a direct relationship between the amount of nitrogen and Calsiom and canopy. This has been shown by higher canopy cover in site B which has higher Ca. The result showed that the S. pennanta height in all sites is nearly similar. The lower density of S. pennanta in sites C and D in comparison with sites A and B is mainly due to ecological factors such as existence of more accompanying species, hence more competition among species in sites C and D. In the presence of nitrogen and plant litter and nutrients that nitrogen source, the impact on plant growth and production. Research has shown that the macro elements and especially the nitrogen of the soil on plant growth is desert. Tangway (2004: 111) with degraded pastures Australian study using analysis of variance were the factors of soil organic carbon and nitrogen has the greatest impact on plant communities. According to the survey results, the comparison of habitat cow tail and a control area without cow's tail by Azarnivand and colleagues.This desirable species should be used to stabilize sand dunes and arid flowing from the pastures in the wilderness and desert, with some nitrogen and pH-neutral to slightly alkaline calcium are introduced.