فهرست مطالب سیده مهسا حسینی

The purpose of this research is to present a framework of key success factors in B2B businesses (drug distribution companies) with the help of bibliometric method, systematic review and factor analysis. In terms of purpose, this research is applied and in terms of method, it is a mixed research of sequential exploratory type, first qualitative and then quantitative. The present qualitative research was compiled in two stages. The present mixed method was carried out in three stages, the first and second stages were qualitative and the third stage was quantitative. In the first stage, using the bibliometric method, the articles and keywords used in the subject of the current research were examined. In the second stage, the researchers selected and analyzed a number of articles in this field using a systematic review in order to more accurately and completely identify the key success factors in CRM. Using the data obtained from the surveys, a questionnaire was developed to identify the key success factors in CRM. In order to identify these factors in drug distribution companies, using a designed questionnaire, factor analysis was performed with maximum likelihood. Using the obtained findings, fourteen main factors to measure the key success factors of CRM in B2B businesses include: "customer-oriented", "service", "consultation", "technology", "culture", "customer-oriented strategy" and "data mining" as factors related to the customer and seven factors "organizational approach", "change management", "employee management", "employee training", "senior management commitment", "process management" and "company strategy" It was extracted as factors related to the organization.

The use of biological stimulants in order to produce environmentally friendly biological products in conjunction with modern agriculture can increase the qualitative and quantitative growth of plants and reduce the effects of environmental stresses on them. In order to investigate the effect of Trichoderma harzanium, carrageenan and saffron extract containing silver nanoparticles on the morphophysiological and phytochemical properties of Melissa officinalis, this experiment was performed in 2020 as a randomized complete block with three replications in Fereydunkenar. This study includes ten treatments that include: Carrageenan 100 ppm, carrageenan 300 ppm, carrageenan 600 ppm, saffron extract containing silver nanoparticles 125 ppm, saffron extract containing silver nanoparticles 250 ppm, saffron extract containing silver nanoparticles 250 ppm, saffron extract containing silver nanoparticles 500 ppm, Trichoderma harzanium 100 ppm, Trichoderma harzanium 200 ppm, Trichoderma harzanium 400 ppm and distilled water (control) were applied on stages 4, 8 and 12 leaves. Morphological and phytochemical characteristics were assessed at the beginning of flowering. The results showed that the highest (6.3 cm) length and maximum (4.3 cm) leaf width were obtained from the treatment of saffron extract containing silver nanoparticles with a concentration of 125 ppm, which is 61% higher than the control treatment. Also, the highest dry weight (59 g) was related to carrageenan treatment at a concentration of 600 ppm, which was 4.9 times higher than the control treatment. Moreover, the highest (78.1%) antioxidant activity and the highest (80.4 mg/g fresh weight) anthocyanin levels were related to Trichoderma harzanium treatment at 400 ppm.

To achieve operational and strategic business goals, correct and logical business behavior must be used. Due to companies' less awareness of social and behavioral skills, there is a performance gap in achieving organizational goals. So far, these business behaviors have not been studied in a comprehensive model for strategy presentation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify business behaviors in the Iran's cement industry and develop a conceptual model. The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach and thematic analysis method. The research tool was a semi-structured interview. Using Maxqda.Pro.2018.1 software, data from interviews with 13 academic and industry experts were collected in three coding steps until saturation. Organizing themes include 60 concepts and comprehensive themes including 9 major categories. 218 basic themes were identified. According to the results, the main behaviors in the cement industry are behavior with competitors, behavior with government, behavior with shareholders, behavior with unions, behavior with the media, behavior with supply chain, corporate governance behavior, behavior with networks and social responsibility behavior. Based on these behaviors, a conceptual model of business behavior in this industry was presented. The most important innovation aspects of this research were the novelty of the subject of business behavior and its modeling in different dimensions and components in the Iran's cement industry, which is not present in other studies. Also, in the end, practical suggestions for better performance of the cement industry were presented.

Increase in population and limitation of food resources, leads to decline accessing to agricultural water and soil resources and faced human beings with the great challenge of food security and regional and international crises. Disorders in the plant due to heavy metal toxicity in plants may eventually reduce plant growth. One of the methods that can be applyed to remediate the soil is using of magnetic water. In this study, the effect of using magnetically treated effluent on the chemical properties and traceability of soil heavy metals was investigated. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications in 2020 at Babolsar city. Treatments include: irrigation with well water (W1), irrigation with mixing 25% of effluent and 75% of well water (W2), irrigation with the mixing of 50% of effluent and 50% of well water (W3), irrigation with mixing of 75% of effluent and 25% of water Well (W4), irrigation with 100% effluent (W5) under magnetic field (I1) and without magnetic field (I2). The results showed that the effect of irrigation type and water and effluent mixing on electrical conductivity, solutes, and heavy metals in the soil at different depths was significant at 1% probability level. On average, irrigation with magnetic water reduced electrical conductivity by 30.43%, lead by 35.25%, and cadmium by 56.11% in the soil profile. In treatments with higher effluent mixing percentages, the number of solutes increased in different soil depths, which was due to higher amounts of elements, especially heavy metals in the effluent. Therefore, by using magnetic technology to reduce the solutes and heavy metals in the soil, provided the conditions for better cultivation in terms of reducing the toxicity of plants due to less absorbtion of heavy metals.

This study was carried out to investigate the morpho-physiological and biochemical responses of Japanese raisin (Hovenia dulcis L.) seedlings to stress conditions of salinity (Electrical conductivity), nitrate and Pb. The experiment was conducted in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three stress factors including nitrate (0, 30 and 60 mg L-1), salinity (0, 3 and 6 dSm-1) and Pb (0, 300 and 600 mg L-1) and three replications. Plants were grown under greenhouse conditions for four months. The highest shoot fresh weight was observed in treatments of 300 and 600 mg/kg Pb with zero salinity and nitrate level and the lowest fresh weight was belonged to the treatment of 6 dS/m salinity, 600 mg/kg Pb and 30 mg/L nitrate. The highest Pb concentration of shoot (72 mg kg-1 dry matter) was reported in treatment of 600 mg kg-1 Pb and with zero salinity and nitrate level. The highest value of lipids peroxidation occurred at treatment of 600 mg kg-1 Pb, indicating the plant defense mechanisms activity under these conditions. Furthermore, the synthesis of proline as a plant response to stress conditions significantly increased at 600 mg kg-1 Pb; whereas, nitrate application led to reduce malondialdehyde production in plant.

“Intangible assets” is the missing key of valuing when transferring Iran football professional league clubs to the private sector. As these assets are not completely identified, the aim of this study was to design a desirable instrument to identify intangible assets in Iran football professional league clubs. After the literature review, an initial list of 35 factors in 4 main scales was developed. A group of experts evaluated and revised this questionnaire so that its content and face validity could be examined. Finally, 7 factors were omitted and a questionnaire with 28 items was designed and distributed among 274 subjects who were selected by convenience sampling method. This study was application in terms of aims and the data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The reliability of the questionnaire was obtained as 0.81 by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient which showed the proper internal consistency of the questionnaire. The split-half method, correlation between two parts and the split-half coefficients of Guttman and Spearman-Brown confirmed the proper reliability of the questionnaire. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to determine the validity and internal consistency of the questionnaire and most items showed a good correlation with the total score. Finally, construct validity of the questionnaire by confirmatory factor analysis and GFI, PGFI and AGFI confirmed appropriate fit of the model. Therefore, researchers can employ this questionnaire as a reliable and valid instrument so that they can evaluate intangible assets of a football club more accurately and comprehensively along with other tests.

Perenial Rygrass (Lolium perenne cv. “Numan”)belongs to Poaceae family as an important lawn in landscape design. The objective of this research was to evaluate effects of different concentrations of salicylic acid to enhance the growth and biochemical characteristics of Lolium perenne L. under drought conditions. Factorial experimental design was arranged in a completely randomized block design with four replications. Treatments consist of SA at 3 levels (0, 0.75 and 1.5 mM) and drought stress at 3 levels (50, 75 and 100 % FC). Results showed that drought stress increased the electrolyte leakage and proline accumulation, however decreased chlorophyll rate, relative water contents, root dry weight and shoot growth. Foliar application of SA at the 1.5 mM increased chlorophyll rate and relative water content, but decreased electrolyte leackage and proline accumulation under drought stress. SA application also resulted in highest root dry weight and shoot growth at the 0.75 mM. Based on the present results, foliar application of SA treatments can ameliorate the negative effects of drought stress on the growth and biochemical characteristics of Lolium perenne cv. “Numan”.

Pain is the most important complication following tonsillectomy and pharyngeal palatine tonsil, and coupled palatine tonsils and throat. There isno enough investigation about antibiotic therapy on this complication. Furthermore, as there is no agreement in the use of antibiotic on pain complication, this investigation designed for finding of the efficacy of antibiotic therapy on pain complication consequent of tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy and its severity. Method and Materials: This randomized clinical trial (RCT) study was carried out on 138 patients who were candidate for tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy. The patients according to systematic randomized divided into two equal groups; the first group as the intervention, received antibiotic and the other as the comparison received no antibiotic. Both the groups were compared in the variables such as: throat and ear pains, their severity, and patient's need to analgesic drugs after tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 13 and using chi-square, Fisher and Man-Withny tests and α<0.05 considered significant statically. Our finding showed that the mean and standard deviation of severity of the pain were 2.72 ± 0.95 and 2.54 ± 0.83 in intervention and comparison groups respectively and in comparing there is no observed significant difference (p= 0.29). In comparing the other of all variables there is no observed significant difference statically. Considering the results originated from our study it may be concluded that the use of antibiotic or not using, has no effect on the pain complication and its severity consequent of the tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy.

Tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy are the most common ENT surgeries. Because there are not sufficient investigations about antibiotic therapy، and، also، due to. some disagreement over post-surgery use of antibiotics، the present study was designed to find out the efficacy of antibiotic therapy on consequent complications of tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy. This randomized، clinical trial (RCT) study was carried out on 138 candidates for tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy. The patients were randomly divided into two equal groups; the firstgroup، i. e. the cases، received antibiotics and the. Control group received no antibiotics. Both groups were compared regarding variables such as fever، mean number of the white blood cells، severity of pain and” nausea and vomiting” after operation، vocalization، mean lapse in drinking time، extent of bleeding during and after operation، pus secretion، regenerating of injury after the two types of surgery. The obtained data was analyzed by means of SPSS software (version 13). using chi square، T-test، Fisher and Man-Withny tests at the significant level α<0. 05. It was found that 49. 3% of the cases and 40. 6% of the controls were males and the rest females. Mean and standard deviation of the age was 12. 2±8. 3 and 11. 5±5. 9 in case and control groups، respectively. Mean and standard deviation of severity of the pain and “nausea and vomiting” were 2. 72±0. 95 and 16. 4±0. 94، and 2. 54±0. 83 and 16. 3±1. 4 in the cases and controls 24 hours after surgery was 12923±3544 and 14223±3591، respectively. Only، mean number of the white blood cells difference was significantly higher in the control group (14223±3591 vs، 12923±3544، P=0. 03). Administering antibiotics to tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy patients has no effect on complications consequent to these surgeries.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between managers’ leadership style and creativity of physical education (PE) teachers. Subjects included 160 managers and physical education teachers. Leadership style assessment questionnaire (LSAQ) and Raudsepp creativity questionnaire were used. Results showed a mean score of 127.9 (out of 2000) for leadership style. This score was 129.7 for male and 126.2 for female teachers. Physical education teacher's perception of managers’ transactional leadership style (out of 40 maximum) was 25.48 (mean for males: 25.48 and for females: 25.3). Out of 160 scores for transformational leadership style, mean of physical education teachers was 102.18; this score was 104.28 for males and 100.9 for females. Results showed a significant correlation (r=0.56, P=0.05) between leadership style and creativity. According to the results of this study and literature review, we can conclude that leadership style can have effects, directly or indirectly, on the amount of creativity.

The main purpose of this research was to study the burnout of referees among Iranian soccer super league referees and to determine its relationship to their stress level. In this respect, it was decided to use the revised questionnaire of burnout (Winnerberg and Richardson, 1992) and referee's stress level questionnaire (Nosy, 1994). Personal characteristics questionnaire was also devised when its content validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was tested by Cronbach's alpha (0.82). 32 referees were randomly selected from all the referees in Iranian Soccer super League (N=35) and 30 questionnaires were filled out and returned (%93.75). The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics (frequency, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent T, ANOVA, Correlation coefficient) (P<0.05). After analyzing data, the average score for burnout and referees’ stress in Iranian Soccer super League was 52.53 and 76.39 respectively (The maximum score of burn out and stress level was 112 and 100 respectively). Also, there was a significant relationship between burnout and referees’ stress level (r = 0.45, P<0.013). Eventually, the results showed that stress is a suitable factor to predict burnout. In addition, Iranian referees have a high stress level during their judgment.