شهین بنی اسد

The main purpose of this study is to understand teachers’ lived experiences in conducting two programs of lesson study and action research with their opportunities and challenges. The research has been conducted according to a qualitative approach, based on Phenomenology as an attempt to reveal the essence of the reality experienced by selected persons in lesson study and action research programs at the provincial or national levels through semi-structured interviews. Purposive sampling was used to select the participants (17 teachers and 2 principal deputies) in primary schools in Mashhad city. The results showed the most important opportunities resulting from these programs were: paving the way for the creation of new teaching methods, the knowledge exchange among teachers, improving teacher teaching, fostering teacher research, teacher development, teacher moral growth, success and improving student learning. Moreover, the most important challenges were: administrative bureaucracy, poor judgment and feedback on project results, lack of useful use of research results, weak teacher empowerment programs, negative effects of the nature of project festivals, lack of financial support for teachers, lack of time, diversity of teachers' plans and fatigue during the performance, and also, the incompatibility of the awards with the level of hard work. The projects such as lesson study and action research programs have been communicated to schools through directives and teaching methods through a formal and systematic process from top to bottom.

The purpose of this research was to identify the real effects of the school management excellence program in the junior secondary school, to assess the extent to which the objectives of the excellence program are realized. In order to achieve this aim, Scrivens Goal Free Evaluation model was used. The study domains consisted of two girls junior secondary schools in the first and fourth district of Mashhad during the school year 2017. Multiple tools of observation, interviewing, analyzing a documentary, and researcher-made checklist were used for data collection. The process of data analysis was done using the coding process and interpretation. Based on the findings of this research, the actual results of the implementation of the school management excellence program were consisted of the main categories of "extracurricular activities", "evaluation", "class management", "executive activities", "educational issues" and "educational issues" with considering its positive and negative experiences and by evaluating the checklist resulting from actual results that was found to be in the medium range. Also, the results of the evaluation of the intended goals of the excellence program showed that the first goal of this program, entitled "Contextualization for the promotion of school education qualification" is at the dynamic level of evaluation. This goal was not desirable and other goals were not attained by the level of evaluation of the expected level. In addition, by scoring a checklist, it was determined that the current situation is based on the intended goals at a weak level. Considering that the two checklist of the actual result and intended goals graded with two different spectra.The purpose of this research was to identify the real effects of the school management excellence program in the junior secondary school, to assess the extent to which the objectives of the excellence program are realized. In order to achieve this aim, Scrivens Goal Free Evaluation model was used. The study domains consisted of two girls junior secondary schools in the first and fourth district of Mashhad during the school year 2017. Multiple tools of observation, interviewing, analyzing a documentary, and researcher-made checklist were used for data collection. The process of data analysis was done using the coding process and interpretation. Based on the findings of this research, the actual results of the implementation of the school management excellence program were consisted of the main categories of "extracurricular activities", "evaluation", "class management", "executive activities", "educational issues" and "educational issues" with considering its positive and negative experiences and by evaluating the checklist resulting from actual results that was found to be in the medium range. Also, the results of the evaluation of the intended goals of the excellence program showed that the first goal of this program, entitled "Contextualization for the promotion of school education qualification" is at the dynamic level of evaluation. This goal was not desirable and other goals were not attained by the level of evaluation of the expected level. In addition, by scoring a checklist, it was determined that the current situation is based on the intended goals at a weak level. Considering that the two checklist of the actual result and intended goals graded with two different spectra.The purpose of this research was to identify the real effects of the school management excellence program in the junior secondary school, to assess the extent to which the objectives of the excellence program are realized. In order to achieve this aim, Scrivens Goal Free Evaluation model was used. The study domains consisted of two girls junior secondary schools in the first and fourth district of Mashhad during the school year 2017. Multiple tools of observation, interviewing, analyzing a documentary, and researcher-made checklist were used for data collection. The process of data analysis was done using the coding process and interpretation. Based on the findings of this research, the actual results of the implementation of the school management excellence program were consisted of the main categories of "extracurricular activities", "evaluation", "class management", "executive activities", "educational issues" and "educational issues" with considering its positive and negative experiences and by evaluating the checklist resulting from actual results that was found to be in the medium range. Also, the results of the evaluation of the intended goals of the excellence program showed that the first goal of this program, entitled "Contextualization for the promotion of school education qualification" is at the dynamic level of evaluation. This goal was not desirable and other goals were not attained by the level of evaluation of the expected level. In addition, by scoring a checklist, it was determined that the current situation is based on the intended goals at a weak level. Considering that the two checklist of the actual result and intended goals graded with two different spectra.The purpose of this research was to identify the real effects of the school management excellence program in the junior secondary school, to assess the extent to which the objectives of the excellence program are realized. In order to achieve this aim, Scrivens Goal Free Evaluation model was used. The study domains consisted of two girls junior secondary schools in the first and fourth district of Mashhad during the school year 2017. Multiple tools of observation, interviewing, analyzing a documentary, and researcher-made checklist were used for data collection. The process of data analysis was done using the coding process and interpretation. Based on the findings of this research, the actual results of the implementation of the school management excellence program were consisted of the main categories of "extracurricular activities", "evaluation", "class management", "executive activities", "educational issues" and "educational issues" with considering its positive and negative experiences and by evaluating the checklist resulting from actual results that was found to be in the medium range. Also, the results of the evaluation of the intended goals of the excellence program showed that the first goal of this program, entitled "Contextualization for the promotion of school education qualification" is at the dynamic level of evaluation. This goal was not desirable and other goals were not attained by the level of evaluation of the expected level. In addition, by scoring a checklist, it was determined that the current situation is based on the intended goals at a weak level. Considering that the two checklist of the actual result and intended goals graded with two different spectra.

The main purpose of this paper is to explain the gap in theory, research and practice in the school management excellence program, relying on the historical course of the school effectiveness movement since the 1960s until now. To achieve this goal, documentary research method was used. A review of historical events focusing on the school effectiveness movement suggests a quantitative and qualitative development of systematic activities to reduce the gap between theory, research, and practice. Effectiveness, excellence and improvement are the climax of these systematic studies throughout the history of educational reform. The main achievement of these studies is the creation of the school effectiveness knowledge, which, with evolutionary process, provided a clear picture of the effective school's image in convergence with excellence and improvement. Convergence and co-operation of experts, educational researchers and executives, as well as emphasis on the implementation of programs based on field-based research evidence is one of the most important implications of effective school studies. However, the adaptation of these achievements with the experience of educational reforms in Iran, especially the school management excellence program, suggests that there is no inconsistency between the observations made with the characteristics and considerations of the movement of effectiveness and the lack of effective and dynamic communication between the educational researchers, educators and policy-makers.