فهرست مطالب صمد برزویان

This research aimed to develop a quality assurance model for higher education in Afghanistan with a focus on the role of innovative technologies. A qualitative method was employed based on a grounded theory approach in this research. Data collection tool included semi-structured interviews, and in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 members of quality assurance committees of public universities in Kabul city until theoretical saturation was reached. Purposeful sampling method was employed, and individuals were selected using snowball sampling method. Based on the findings, 487 initial codes, 187 concepts, and 30 sub-categories were identified in the coding stage. Then, in the axial coding stage, sub-categories and concepts were related to each other, and finally, selective coding was conducted following Strauss and Corbin’s paradigmatic pattern. The components of accountability, competitiveness, transformation of humanities, indigenization, economic factors, and quality assurance process of evaluation were identified as causal conditions; goal structure and educational program, faculties capacity, student capabilities, university environment, and infrastructure were identified as contextual conditions; and scarcity of financial resources, study resources, administrative bureaucracy, faculty/student situation, information technology, and indigenous quality assurance model were identified as intervening conditions. Continuous assessment, curriculum planning, faculty empowerment, effective communication, strengthening university-community and industry relations were categorized as strategies, and individual, organizational, and extra-organizational outcomes were classified as Consequences. Ultimately, the results of this research indicated that quality assurance in higher education in Afghanistan depends on the existence of specialized individuals, allocation of necessary resources, leadership support, and the level of independence of universities.

The purpose of this research is to present a conceptual model based on the components influencing investment in order to commercialize academic cultural research.The current research is in terms of practical purpose and in terms of mixed exploratory nature. In a qualitative approach, with a systematic review of studies related to the research problem, 53 factors affecting investment in the field of research were calculated in a purposeful judgmental method.Then was selected with the consensus of 17 academic experts, In a quantitative approach, in order to evaluate the identified components, the opinions of a sample of 56 managers of venture capital funds, who were randomly selected, were collected through a survey method and using a researcher-made questionnaire, and using the structural equation method. It was analyzed with the help of SPSS and LISREL software, and based on that, a conceptual model was designed and presented.The findings of the research indicate that the state of commercialization of academic research related to cultural research in Iran is not favorable, and the main reasons for this are the inconsistency of higher education research policies, strategic goals of academic research, and market structures for the consumption of cultural products.The results of the research showed that 46 components in six dimensions have an effect on the investment in the commercialization of academic cultural research; structural and managerial (11 components), specialized (9 components), research (7 components), scientific culture (6 components), commercial (8 components) and value creation (5 components).

Legal requirements and increasing attention to skill training has stimulated start-up ideas in this field. But, there is no government or private financial support for them, or it is not enough to make them fruitful. The purpose of this study was to present and validate an investment model in startups of skill-oriented universities in Iran.

The present applied study was of mixed and exploratory type. In the qualitative part, the data was collected through interviews with 14 experts familiar with the startup investment of skill-oriented universities. According to the primary data and phenomenological analysis, the investment model was presented. In the quantitative part, according to the findings of the qualitative part, a questionnaire was designed and used. The statistical population was a quantitative part of the headquarter and provincial managers of The University of Applied Sciences and Technical and Vocational University and the managers of the country's venture capital trade association, who were randomly surveyed. Quantitative data analysis was done through structural equation model and PLS software.

According to the findings, 14 categories were identified as model indicators. The categories include valuation of startups, risk-taking of investment, acceptance and acceptability of society and trust of investors on skill-oriented universities, macroeconomic conditions, university work quality, legal protections, sustainability, innovation and entrepreneurial power of startups, investment efficiency, teamwork in setting up and entrepreneurial marketing. After performing quantitative analysis and fitness of the research model, all the categories of the qualitative part had a significant, and the model was approved.

The results showed that investing in startups of skill-oriented universities is a positive and developmental thing. Also, the indicators of the model with the exception of indicators of Innovation in academic startup ideas, acceptability of society and trust of investors in skill-oriented universities are somewhat similar to the general and existing investment challenges of Iran's specific political and economic conditions.

In recent years, the emergence of information and communication technology has affected the world of education. As some experts believe, the previous methods, models and theories of learning and education are not able to explain learning and education in this era. Connectivism theory is one of the new theories of the digital age that tries to explain learning from a different perspective. The purpose of this research was to explore the elements of a suitable educational model based on connectivism in teaching and learning.

The research was qualitative in terms of paradigm and among the types of qualitative research, it was qualitative content analysis. The research population included original research articles related to connectivism teaching and learning for the last 10 years (from the beginning of 2013 to the end of 2022) available in 4 databases (1) Eric (2) Emerald Insight (3) Springer (4) Science Direct. There were 592 articles, which were reduced to 194 articles after the initial review of the abstract and full text in two stages and the removal of irrelevant items. After organizing the remaining articles and using targeted sampling, 28 of these articles were analyzed, and due to the repetition of the obtained codes and the achievement of theoretical saturation, the analysis of the remaining articles of the studied population was stopped. Free coding with inductive approach was used to analyze the texts.

From the content of the analyzed works, three layers called "theoretical and technological foundations", "principles and assumptions of connectivism" and "learning networks" were extracted as the main components for a connectivism-oriented learning environment. The first layer included 14 theories, approaches, movements and technological developments as sub-components. Each of these theories, movements and approaches with their principles and assumptions had aa direct and an indirect influence on the next layers. The second layer was related to the general and specific principles, characteristics and assumptions about knowledge, learning and network phenomena, and its sub-components contain facts that strongly affected the executive layer of the connectivism-oriented environment, and the learning environment was designed based on this. It distinguished the theory from other theories. In this layer, four sub-components with the titles (1) connectivism principles of Siemens and others (2) connectivism assumptions about learning (3) connectivism assumptions about knowledge (4) features and principles of the network/learning environment were also identified. In the third layer, there were networks, each network had 9 sub-components :(1) types of tasks, actions and learning activities (in 6 overlapping forms of cooperation, interaction, evaluation, communication, involvement and participation) (2) the role of the teacher (3) the role of the student (4) the place of learning (5) the stages/steps of learning (6) the levels of learning (7) the required skills (8) the materials/resources/appendices/media or nodes learning, and (9) building new networks.

The results of the research showed that the connectivism-oriented learning environment is an open, non-targeted, chaotic environment that lacks an organized framework and fixed elements. Two theoretical levels and basic assumptions as layers influence the operational environment of connectivism learning. Theories, as the first layer, are the theoretical and technological foundations of connectivism, which dominate the other two layers like an umbrella and determine the assumptions and activities of this environment. The assumptions and principles of connectivism, which are considered as the second layer of this environment, affect the third layer and determine the framework and types of scientific activities of this environment.

Attention to things such as; The method of selection and special choice of judges, their special position and dignity compared to other professions, the significant impact on the creation of judicial procedure and legal doctrine ,.. ; and the existence of problems such as; Procrastination of proceedings, high volume of cases, lack of knowledge of some judges, ... in the judicial system, on the other hand, shows the need for judicial authorities to pay attention to the issue of judges' compensation system as one of the serious concerns of this authority.Based on this, the current research was conducted with the aim of developing a model of the compensation system for judges and validating it. The research design is qualitative and research in terms of practical purpose and in terms of how to collect information is a case study type. The participants included 15 experts and experienced judges of the judiciary with excellent resumes. The data was analyzed and coded with the help of MAXQDAv2020 software and by thematic analysis method, and to validate the research model, the acceptability indicators of Strauss and Corbin; The technique of visiting by members and the approach of self-review by the researcher have been used. The findings of the research show that the pattern of compensation for judges' services includes 2 overarching themes entitled compensation for financial services and compensation for non-financial services and 6 dimensions; Legal benefits, organizational benefits, rewards based on performance, development and learning, job relationships, environment and job and organizational conditions.

The establishment of justice in a country is primarily dependent on the health of the judiciary, and this directly depends on the health of its judges. In this regard, respecting the dignity of judges in the framework of a comprehensive service compensation system for the judicial system of the country is absolutely necessary and inevitable; Because it seems that the development of the compensation system policy for judges in the process of recruitment and employment, training and improvement, motivation and retention in line with the set strategic goals, is still one of the missing links. Based on this, the current research was conducted with the aim of developing a model of the compensation system for judges based on the requirements of training and improvement of human capital and its validation. The research design is qualitative and research in terms of practical purpose and in terms of how to collect information is a case study type. The participants included 15 experts and experienced judges of the judiciary with excellent resumes. Sampling was done with a purposeful snowball method and they were interviewed in a semi-structured way, The technique of visiting by members and the approach of self-review by the researcher have been used. The findings of the research showed that the most important dimensions of the compensation model for judges based on the requirements of training and human capital improvement are person-related motivators, performance-related motivators, job-related motivators, scientific motivators, and basic motivators.

The purpose of this article was to design an operational model of demand and estimation of teachers required for primary and low secondary school in the years 1399-1404. This article was a quantitative research in terms of approach, in terms of purpose, was among applied research and in terms of data collection in the design of operational model of library study and in the estimation of teachers as case study research. the statistical population and sample of the study included 358,897 teachers working in primary and low secondary school in the academic year 1398-99 (base year). The present research was conducted using previous documentary and field studies and analyzing the information and findings of those studies, in which the descriptive-analytical method critically interpreted and interpreted the data in order to obtain an estimate of the required number of teachers. In this study, while explaining the steps of the operational model of providing the required teachers, the number of elementary and low secondary school teachers in general and the courses according to class density and the number of classes required in three scenarios of average density Performance, maximum optimal student density and standard student density approved by the Higher Education Council up to the academic year1404-05 was estimated. The average annual growth of primary teachers almost %1,25 and approximately 325,000 people in the years 1403-04 and the low secondary school teachers average annual growth of almost 7/2% and approximately 178,000people in the year 1404-05 was estimated. Finally, with emphasis on the presented model and estimate, the results were counted which can be used to obtain appropriate mechanisms in the field of attracting teachers required for the general education course of the country in different ways (Graduates committed to service from Farhangian University, Article 28 Recruitments and etc..).

The purpose of this study is “to design a model for evaluating the performance of educational centers of one of the government organizations in the country using artificial neural network”. This is an evaluation study to evaluate the performance of public organizational educational centers. The information required for this research was collected through parallel information channels such as using the documents of educational centers under the organization and referring to their documents while maintaining the classification level. The statistical population of this study was five educational centers, one of the government organizations that hold educational courses for about 10 thousand personnel between 2013 and 2020; Based on the opinion of experts and the results of related studies, the inputs and outputs of the research were selected and determined. In order to reduce the input and output variables, the structural equation modeling method - partial least squares were used. In order to train the MLP bilayer neural network, the training method was used. After the teaching of neural network. The performance of neural network was examined through test patterns. The value (mean square error) of the MSE corresponds to 13 equal test patterns and 74/7413, which indicated the high accuracy of the trained network. Finally, the performance of the educational centers was ranked based on the analyzed data.

Financial literacy, which means having knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to this area, is of double importance for young people, especially students who are moving from dependence to independence, and their financial mistakes will have continuous consequences in their future. Despite the importance of measuring and evaluating financial behaviors, there is a research gap in the field of investigating this issue in the studied society.

The purpose of this research was to measure the level of financial literacy of student-teachers at the Farhangian University of Gilan and to analyze the relationship between several psychological and demographic variables with it.

The present research was descriptive and surveys study. The statistical population of the research consists of 613 students of Farhangian University of Gilan province, of which 242 were selected by simple random sampling. Two questionnaires by Moinuddin (2011) and Patrich et al. (2016) were used to collect the data.

The findings showed that the average score of student-teachers in financial knowledge is 4.50 (out of 24), financial attitude is 60.29 (out of 75) and financial behavior is 62.45 (out of 100). Also, the examination of the relationship between psychological and demographic variables with the dimensions of financial literacy showed that, except for a few variables, the status of students' financial literacy is similar in most of the variables, and different groups of students have the same financial literacy.

These findings show that the financial literacy of students is at a very low level in terms of knowledge, but the status of students' financial literacy is good in two dimensions, attitude, and behavior. Different groups also have a similar level of financial literacy.

The present study was conducted to identify areas of cooperation and educational interaction between high schools and faculties of psychology and educational sciences in Tehran using a qualitative data-based method. The statistical population of the study included all academic and educational staff and experts who had an executive or scientific background in relation to the subject of interaction between schools and universities. 26 subjects were selected through purposive sampling to achieve theoretical saturation. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Coding was used to analyze the interview data. To check the validity and reliability of the research, the confirmation of the interviewees was used to control the validity of the research, and in relation to the reliability, the agreement or concordance between the two coders in coding the four interviews was calculated. The obtained coefficient of agreement was 0.85, which indicates a high agreement and compatibility as well as a suitable reliability coefficient. Findings showed that high schools and faculties of psychology and educational sciences in Tehran can cooperate and interact with each other in three general areas of participation development, research, and professional development and 50 minor areas.

The main objective of this research is to evaluate the efficiency of nine educational regions of North Khorasan Province in the academic year of 1996-97 by using data envelopment analysis method. In this method, a set of functions and features of educational areas are considered as input and output indicators. And, given the importance and impact of the indicators on total performance, the rational balance of outputs on the total amount of inputs is calculated and evaluated as the efficiency of the regions. To evaluate the efficiency of nine educational regions of North Khorasan province, data on teachers, schools, students and human resources from the Department of Education and Development of North Khorasan Province have been collected. Data envelopment analysis method has been used by using three inputs and two output indicators. In addition to assessing the efficiency of each area, efficient collections, reference patterns, desirable inputs and outputs, inadequate units, strengths and weaknesses of each region, and the status of resource use.

The present study was conducted to identify the areas of cooperation and educational interaction between high schools and the faculties of Psychology and Education in Tehran using the qualitative data base method. The statistical population of the study consists of all academic and educational stakeholders who have some kind of executive or scientific background on the subject of educational interaction between schools and universities. From the statistical population, 26 individuals were selected through purposive sampling to reach theoretical saturation. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Coding was used to analyze the interview data. In order to check the validity and reliability of the research, the interviewers' approval was used to control the validity of the research. The coefficient of agreement was 0.85 indicating high agreement and good reliability coefficient. The research findings showed that high schools and faculties of psychology and education in Tehran can collaborate and interact in three general areas: student support, student preparation for university, and support and support for teachers and school staff and 31 minor areas The present study was conducted to identify the areas of cooperation and educational interaction between high schools and the faculties of Psychology and Education in Tehran using the qualitative data base method. The statistical population of the study consists of all academic and educational stakeholders who have some kind of executive or scientific background on the subject of educational interaction between schools and universities. From the statistical population, 26 individuals were selected through purposive sampling to reach theoretical saturation. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Coding was used to analyze the interview data. In order to check the validity and reliability of the research, the interviewers' approval was used to control the validity of the research. The coefficient of agreement was 0.85 indicating high agreement and good reliability coefficient. The research findings showed that high schools and faculties of psychology and education in Tehran can collaborate and interact in three general areas: student support, student preparation for university, and support and support for teachers and school staff and 31 minor areas The present study was conducted to identify the areas of cooperation and educational interaction between high schools and the faculties of Psychology and Education in Tehran using the qualitative data base method. The statistical population of the study consists of all academic and educational stakeholders who have some kind of executive or scientific background on the subject of educational interaction between schools and universities. From the statistical population, 26 individuals were selected through purposive sampling to reach theoretical saturation. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Coding was used to analyze the interview data. In order to check the validity and reliability of the research, the interviewers' approval was used to control the validity of the research. The coefficient of agreement was 0.85 indicating high agreement and good reliability coefficient. The research findings showed that high schools and faculties of psychology and education in Tehran can collaborate and interact in three general areas: student support, student preparation for university, and support and support for teachers and school staff and 31 minor areas The present study was conducted to identify the areas of cooperation and educational interaction between high schools and the faculties of Psychology and Education in Tehran using the qualitative data base method. The statistical population of the study consists of all academic and educational stakeholders who have some kind of executive or scientific background on the subject of educational interaction between schools and universities. From the statistical population, 26 individuals were selected through purposive sampling to reach theoretical saturation. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Coding was used to analyze the interview data. In order to check the validity and reliability of the research, the interviewers' approval was used to control the validity of the research. The coefficient of agreement was 0.85 indicating high agreement and good reliability coefficient. The research findings showed that high schools and faculties of psychology and education in Tehran can collaborate and interact in three general areas: student support, student preparation for university, and support and support for teachers and school staff and 31 minor areas The present study was conducted to identify the areas of cooperation and educational interaction between high schools and the faculties of Psychology and Education in Tehran using the qualitative data base method. The statistical population of the study consists of all academic and educational stakeholders who have some kind of executive or scientific background on the subject of educational interaction between schools and universities. From the statistical population, 26 individuals were selected through purposive sampling to reach theoretical saturation. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Coding was used to analyze the interview data. In order to check the validity and reliability of the research, the interviewers' approval was used to control the validity of the research. The coefficient of agreement was 0.85 indicating high agreement and good reliability coefficient. The research findings showed that high schools and faculties of psychology and education in Tehran can collaborate and interact in three general areas: student support, student preparation for university, and support and support for teachers and school staff and 31 minor areas The present study was conducted to identify the areas of cooperation and educational interaction between high schools and the faculties of Psychology and Education in Tehran using the qualitative data base method. The statistical population of the study consists of all academic and educational stakeholders who have some kind of executive or scientific background on the subject of educational interaction between schools and universities. From the statistical population, 26 individuals were selected through purposive sampling to reach theoretical saturation. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Coding was used to analyze the interview data. In order to check the validity and reliability of the research, the interviewers' approval was used to control the validity of the research. The coefficient of agreement was 0.85 indicating high agreement and good reliability coefficient. The research findings showed that high schools and faculties of psychology and education in Tehran can collaborate and interact in three general areas: student support, student preparation for university, and support and support for teachers and school staff and 31 minor areas

The nature and quality of the university depend on the quality of its faculty members’ performance, in other words, promoting the university is expedited through faculty members’ competencies. Therefore, the present study aims to provide an appropriate model for improving the quality of faculty members of Alzahra University. This research is applied in terms of its purpose and is a qualitative research inspired by the data based theory. In this research, using the theoretical sampling method, which is one of the targeted sampling types, is the main strategy of data-based theory, sample selection has continued to saturate the research data. In total, 20 faculty members at Alzahra University ranked assistant professors, associate professors, professors with different recruitment records have participated as a sample in the semi-structured interview process. The data from the interview were analyzed during the three stages of coding the data based theory. Finally, a conceptual model for improving the performance of faculty members was developed. The findings of the research indicate that the quality of faculty members' performance as the main variable of research is influenced by various factors. The structure of the research pattern consists of 9 causal components, 8 components of the mediator or intervener, 17 strategic components, 9 background components and 10 components as a result of the performance of the faculty member's quality performance. Also, the results of the research shows that improving the performance of faculty members requires the adoption of a systemic and coherent approach to the factors affecting academic quality.

It has been a long time that selecting and optimizing strategies for financing and incrementing the income diversification of public universities is becoming challenging. The aim of this study is to prioritize optimal strategies for financial autonomy of public universities in Tehran with qualitative-quantitative approach. The methodology of the study is Descriptive-analytical in which the data from interviewing 20 expert in higher education was gathered and organized. The optimal strategies were obtained using SWOT technique. In the next step in order to determine the priority strategy in current situation of universities the TOPSIS technique is used. The findings illustrate six strategy for financial autonomy of universities. the “improving the research infrastructures” strategy with 0.63 closeness coefficient of each alternative is the first strategy and the second strategy which can lead the universities to gain more nonpublic revenue is “revenue diversification” with 0.61 closeness coefficient of each alternative. The prioritized strategies indicate that financial autonomy of begins from rethinking and managing the internal processes of universities.

This study was performed because of the importance of the evaluation of the Human Development state of all provinces in a ten-year period regarding the era of the information technology، for knowledge-based fifth-national development plan specially in reaching the goals of the horizon. In this study while presenting the Direct، Indirect and financial indexes in order to clear the critics concerning the Human Development indexes method in combination with indexes; multi factorial analytical combination tests are performed. Therefore 161 indices in year 1997 and 2009 were joined using Principal Opponent Analysis and Numerical Taxonomy techniques and finally each Province''s Human Undeveloped indexes was compared with the others. Results show a %22. 2 improvement in the mean index، but the rate of the inequality among them was increased، in both years 1997 and 2009 Tehran stands in the first and Sistan-Baloochestan in the last place regarding the combination of the Human development Indices.