فهرست مطالب عباس عابدی

Barforoush city was a significant place for the settlement and activities of merchants in Qajar period due to the growth of domestic and foreign trade. The merchants usually were active both in trading and doing public-benefiting affairs. Among the merchants’ public-benefiting affairs was endowing properties and assets. It is assumed that examining the contents of their endowment deeds help understand about the types, uses, and features of the endowments of this group of society. It also helps understand more about the jobs, markets, caravanserais, houses, tekyehs, mosques, and neighborhoods of Barforoush in Qajar era. Using content analysis and focusing on the content of merchants’ endowment deeds of Barforoush, this study tried to see such issues as the amount, the use, the diversity, and the function of their endowments. The results showed that from among the merchants’ endowed properties, lands, shops, houses, and caravanserais were the most endowed ones. Regarding the use of the endowments, mourning ceremonies for the martyrdom of Imam Hussain were the most frequent usages followed by charitable and public-benefiting affairs, the daily affairs of students of religion schools. Endowing was more frequent in Naser al-Din Shah Kingdom and the following years.

Endowments of the Qajar period are among the most important resources that demonstrates the social, economic, cultural and religious conditions of Iran of the time. Female endowments are particularly important among the different classes and groups of Iranian society that have endowed. Investigating the content of women's endowments is important since they display both quantity and quality of endowments among women. They also demonstrate women’s participation in social activities of the period. The purpose of the research is to study the contents of the endowments of the women in Sari and Barforoush during the Qajar period, to distinguish their characteristics and functions as well as the social status of the women.

Method and Research Design: 

Endowments and some historical library resources were studied and analyzed in a descriptive and analytical way.

The result show that there are few differences between women and men’s endowments in Sari and Barforoush in the Qajar period considering their characteristics and functions. The endowments had religious and social functions and were considered for the following purposes mourning, charitable deeds, seminary students' expenses, publishing religious books, public services, and supporting the life expenses of the children of the person who endows. Endowments were mostly piece of land, a house, a shop, a garden, a bath or a caravanserai. The women were among the rich and noblemen, merchants, and landowners. The women’s social status depended on their father or husband except the ones that themselves were a midwife or tragedian (Ta’ziye khan). Their father or husband were mostly coppersmith, doctor, surgeon, butcher, judge, merchant, tailor, muezzin, Muslim clergyman, and grocer.

In this research, a new algorithm is proposed to automatically extract the effective parameters on the radial velocity curves of the binary stars systems using the Wilson-Devnney (WD) 2007 code. In this regard, a binary star which has the proximity effect and its parameters are also announced by astronomers, is selected as the sample system. To avoid scattering of data and also to have more data point, the radial velocity curve of the sample binary stars is first made using the WD code. Then, the code output data is introduced to the proposed MATLAB algorithm to find the effective parameters on the radial velocity curve, including the eccentricity e, the product of a semi-major axis and orbital inclination asini, center of mass radial velocity VCM, the longitude of periastron ω, And surface parameters of stars such as surface potentials Ω, temperatures T, albude A, gravitational darkening coefficients g, and limb darkening coefficients x. After testing the algorithm on the sample binary stars system, the proposed algorithm is also exploited to analyze the radial velocity data of some other binary stars such as U Peg, AB And, and BD+422782. Comparison between the results obtained from the proposed approach and the results reported by other astronomers demonstrates the ability of the proposed approach in extracting the parameters effective on the radial velocity curves.

Current design of Geo synthetic-reinforced soil (GRS) walls, shows that the horizontal deformations in the walls increases rapidly with height. To take advantage of both the aesthetics and the economics of GRS walls while considering high heights, multi-tiered walls are often used. In this context, 12 models of the walls were constructed and their performance was determined under static loading. This study presents a series of model tests on the GRS walls in a tiered configuration, to evaluate the effects of factors, including the offset distance between adjacent tiers and number of tiers, on the lateral displacements of the wall facing and ultimate bearing capacities of the strip footings on the multi-tiered GRS walls. The ultimate bearing capacity and wall deflection can be significantly improved by increasing the number of tiers wall and increase of tier-offset. Interaction between the upper and lower walls significantly influences the tier-offset, and the interaction between the walls, significantly increase in the horizontal deformation in the wall face for the upper wall. With an increase in the offset distance, the lateral displacement decreased significantly, particularly in the upper tier. The experimental results showed that, the Performance in Four layers of reinforcement, and two tier walls, the optimum offset distance obtained for D/H= 0.35. When the offset becomes significantly large, each tier functions independently

Evidence-based nursing guidelines are important tools in improving the quality of nursing clinical work. One of the most important indicators in the assessment of care quality provided for patients is the quality of nursing care standards. This study attempts to trace the influence of the implementation of such guidelines on the quality of standards of nursing care provided for patients with severe coronary syndrome admitted to CCU. This clinical trial before and later was performed in Hazrat Fatima hospital in Kerman city during 2012 and 2013. Interventions included training CCU nurses in the evidence-based nursing guidelines, and to put the same guidelines based on the nursing process into enforcement for patients admitted to coronary care unit. Before and after intervention, the quality of nursing care was measured via ANA questionnaire and through observation and review of documentation from records of 90 patients admitted to the coronary care unit. Data collected were analyzed by using SPSS version 19, and descriptive statistics which included mean and standard deviation; and inferential statistics which included paired T-test, Chi-square and Fisher’s exact test. At all stages of the nursing process, the comparison of mean scores before and after training revealed meaningful statistic differences. The mean scores of registered nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation process before the intervention, was respectively 2/28 (0/62), 1/75 (1/04), 9/3 (1/4) and 3/8 (1/6) and after intervention, respectively 3/88 (0/31), 5/7 (0/52), 15/13 (1), 8/6 (0/6) and p<0/001. The implementation of evidence-based nursing guidelines improved the quality of nursing care. So that, the Hospital officials and health care centers are recommended to put training of evidence-based nursing guidelines on the agenda.