عصمت ابراهیمی

The study purpose was to determine the psychometric properties of the motivational structure questionnaire in adolescents.

Research method was correlational and the statistical population included all female and male adolescents from second secondary education in Tehran's 22nd district to 177000 people in the 2016-2017 academic year among whom based on Comrey & Lee (2016) suggestion 426 were selected using multi-stage sampling method. In the first stage, three direction, the north, center and south of Tehran map, in the second stage, three regions, 1, 5 and 18 of each direction and in the last stage of each region randomly Shahid Motahari and Somayeh High Schools from District 1, Shahid Amoyan and Ayin Tarbiat from District 5 and Shahid Mofeghian and Farzanegan from 18 District were selected. The research tool was the Personal Concerns Inventory by Cox & Klinger (2004). After removal of 6 distortion questionnaires and 2 outliers, 418 student data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis.

The results showed that fitness indices of confirmatory factor analysis, confirmatory factor fitness indicators with the exception of the Chi-squared which was equal to 357.58 in 0.001 significant level, support the pattern of two components of adaptive and non-adaptive motivational structures and Cronbach's alpha coefficients for adaptive and non-adaptive motivational structures is respectively 0.73 and 0.77.

According to the results, the motivational structure scale has appropriate validity and reliability, and it can be used to measure the motivational structure of students, as well as to prevent and detect cognitive, emotional and behavioral damages in schools.

The purpose of this study was to predict high-risk behaviors based on cognitive abilities by mediating motivational structures in high school adolescents in Tehran. A total of 426 girls and boys in Tehran second high school were selected by cluster sampling, and responded to the high risk behaviors questionnaire (Zademohammdi & Ahmadabadi,1390), the motivational structure questionnaire (Cox & Klinger, 2004), and the cognitive abilities questionnaire (Nejati, 1392a). For data analysis, statistical analysis of structural equation modeling using the LISREL software was used. Fit indices indicated the fitting of the conceptual model with the data. Comparative Fit Index (CFI = 0.94), fitting goodness index (GFI = 0.95), fitted goodness softened index (AGFI 0.92), and root mean square error approximation (RMSEA = 0.08). They showed that the model fitted with the gathered data. The findings showed that the motivational structure (adaptive Non-adaptive) mediates the role of the relationship between cognitive abilities and high-risk behaviors. Also, the direct effect of adaptive and non-adaptive motivational structure on risk behaviors was significant. The direct effect of cognitive abilities on the adaptive and non-adaptive motivational structure was significant. Also, cognitive abilities were able to explain 5% of adaptive behavior variance and 28% of non-adaptive behavior variance. In addition, two variables of motivational structure (adaptive and non-adaptive behavior) and cognitive abilities could together predict 20 percent of the variance of risky behaviors.

In order to examine the cell density and determine the chlorophyll content algas skeletonema sp and Tetraselmis sp in culture F/2 under different salinity 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 parts per thousand were cultured for 15 days. The results of growing in Tetraselmis sp showed that the algas had suitable resistance against vacillations of salinity and they can grow in different salininty. Tetraselimis alga can grow in salinity 30 and 35 parts per thousand and while in Tetraselmis sp alga the best amount of growing were observed in salininty 25 parts per thousand. Time of reaching to the highest density of growing in culture F/2 were significantly different (p 0.05). alga can grow in salinity 30 and 35 parts per thousand and while in Tetraselmis sp alga the best amount of growing were observed in salininty 25 parts per thousand. Time of reaching to the highest density of growing in culture F/2 were significantly different (p 0.05). According to the amount of growing in Tetraselimis with slower growing and go progressive stage with lower speed which show the different behavior of growing amount. In examining the effect of different salininty on amount of chlorophyll alga Tetraselimis there weren’t any differences between cases (p 0.05). the highest amount of chlorophyll were related to cases with salininty 20 parts per thousand salininty with amount 3/33 Micro gremin liter and the lowest amount were related to cases with salinity 35 parts per thousand with amount 1/21 Micro grem in liter. By increasing salinity we can observe the decrease of chlorophyll a in each Mili liter. According to the amount of growing in Skeletonmema is rapid growing and the time of reaching to the highest growing then the death phase. Calculation of effect of salininty on amount of chrollphyll a in Skeletonmema alga showed in density 20 parts per thousand and 25 parts per thousand had more chrollphyll regard to other cases and among the amaunt of least salinity that is 15 Mili gram in liter and amount of most 30 and 35 parts per thousand the statistecs significant differences were not oloserved.