فهرست مطالب علی سلیمانی

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis or RAS is one of the most common lesions of the oral mucosa, which is recurrent and painful. So far, several factors have been known as predisposing factors to this disease. However, there is no specific treatment for it. Anxiety and stress are among the causes of these lesions. Quality of life reflects the level of satisfaction and sense of well-being in individuals. Since it is believed that these lesions affect the quality of life due to their chronic and painful nature, the present study aimed to evaluate the quality of life of patients with recurrent oral aphthous stomatitis using the COMDQ questionnaire.

The tool used to measure quality of life in this study was the COMDQ questionnaire. This questionnaire examines the quality of life of patients with chronic mucosal diseases using 26 questions in four subgroups, including pain and functional limitations, treatment and medication, psychological and social status, and patient support. In the scoring system for recurrent aphthous stomatitis, the characteristics of lesions in the last three months and factors such as the number of lesions, the rate of recurrence of lesions, and the affected areas should be considered to determine the severity of the disease. Thus, the USS system, which is derived from the combination of the above items, was used. The USS system includes 6 subgroups, including the frequency of the aphthous lesions in the last three months, diameter, duration, ulcer-free period, location of aphthous lesions, and pain. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to calculate the correlation between age severity and duration of the disease with quality of life. To compare the average scores of this questionnaire in two genders, an independent t-test was used, and the Mann-Whitney test was used if the data were not normal. Data analysis was done by SPSS ver 25 software.

In this study, 251 questionnaires were completed using the census sampling method. Among the study participants, 116 (46.22%) were men and 135 (53.78%) were women. The average total COMDQ score was 43.34±13.78 and no significant difference was observed between men and women in any of the dimensions of quality of life and the total quality of life score, as well as age (P>0.05). The correlation between COMDQ total score and general health (P=0.014) and also in comparison with oral health was significant (P=0.014). Also, the severity of lesions (USS score) (P<0.001), the number of aphthous ulcers in the last three months (P<0.001), duration (P<0.001), ulcer-free period (P<0.001) and a lower score in the subgroup of the location of oral ulcers (P=0.033), there was a significant relationship with the total score of the quality of life questionnaire.

Lesions of recurrent aphthous stomatitis are painful and have a long treatment period. In addition, various factors contribute to the occurrence of these lesions, and patients often suffer from them. Therefore, these lesions bother the patients and according to the results of the present study, they affect the quality of life of the patients. Raising awareness about the nature of these lesions and their follow-up should be on the agenda. Also, the mental and psychological aspects of the health of the patients should be taken into consideration in the treatment approaches.

Psychological problems in children are a significant public health concern. These problems can affect the well-being of children, their families, and peers and negatively impact the quality of their lives in adulthood. The present research aims to assess the relationship between mothers’ adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the internalizing and externalizing problems of children mediated by mothers’ emotional dysregulation and mental capacity.

This is a correlational study using structural equation modeling. The study population consists of all married women with children aged 6-12 in Bushehr Province, Iran, who had registered information in the electronic comprehensive health services system in 2022. Utilizing a random cluster sampling method, 700 women were selected, of whom 632 completed the online questionnaires, including the child behavior checklist, the ACE questionnaire, the difficulties in emotion regulation scale, and the parental reflective functioning questionnaire. All analyses were performed in SPSS Software, version 26 and AMOS version 24 software.

The ACE of mothers had a direct and significant relationship with their emotion regulation difficulties (β=0.363, P<0.001) and internalizing (β=0.182, P<0.001) and externalizing problems (β=0.201, P<0.001) of children. Additionally, the ACE in mothers had an indirect and significant relationship with their mental capacity (β=-0.125, P=0.006). The ACE of mothers also had an indirect and significant relationship with internalizing (β=0.126, P<0.001) and externalizing (β=0.134, P<0.001) problems of children through emotion dysregulation. The ACE of mothers also had an indirect and significant relationship with externalizing problems of children (β=0.011, P=0.039) through mental capacity.

Mothers’ ACEs have a direct impact on their children’s internalizing and externalizing problems. This relationship can also be mediated by their emotional dysregulation and mental capacity.

 Olive tree, with a thousand years of cultivation history, is one of the most important horticultural crops in Iran and has always played an important economical role for orchardists. In olive orchards traits such as an increased formation of incomplete flowers, low yield of fruits and oil are often found as major problems. It should be noted that these traits are affected by numerous environmental and management factors from which the nutrition status is one of the most important ones. Proper nutrition plays an important role in both olive fruit and oil yield. There is a wide range of fertilizer compounds with different formulas and efficiencies available in the world market, among which nano-products are becoming increasingly popular. However, there is limited information on their efficacy in different plant species.

In order to evaluate the impact of fertilizers on olive cultivation, a research was conducted during two successive years from 2019 to 2020 in a commercial orchard on 15 year old olive tree cv. ‘Zard’, in Manjil city of Guilan province. Foliar application included five treatments using two types of fertilizers; nano (nano-chelated nitrogen and potassium: nano-NK) and chemical fertilizers (urea and potassium nitrate; NK). Treatments involved application of two concentrations from each fertilizers sources; 1.02g and 0.81g (nano-N1K1 and N1K1), 1.36 g and 1.08 g (nano-N2K2 and N2K2) of pure nitrogen and potassium, respectively. Foliar application was conducted in four stages bud-swelling, before blooming, pit hardening and shortly after harvest of table olive. Spraying with water was considered as the control. The nano-chelated fertilizers were obtained from Khazra Company, Teheran, Iran (http://en.khazra.ir). Spraying with water was considered as control. The experiment was performed in a randomized block design with three replications. The measurement of leaf nutrient status and its chlorophyll and carbohydrate contents were carried out at two times each growing season; in August (during pit hardening stage) and October (shortly after the harvest of table olive). At the green ripening stage, fruits were collected and weighted to determine fruit yield. At the end of the experiment quantity and quality traits of oil were measured.

 The results showed that the trees under N2K2 treatment had the highest yield. In terms of mineral content, both forms of fertilizers increased the concentration of nitrogen and potassium leaf elements compared to the control trees. Chlorophyll content was affected by nano-N1K1 foliar application and carbohydrate content was affected by nano-N1K1 in the pit hardening stage and nano-N2K2 in shortly after the harvest of table olive. Nano-N1K1 treatment with the lower crop load not only increased oil content but also improved quality characteristics of olive oil (free fatty acids, peroxide value, specific ultraviolet absorbance K232, K270 and contents of pigments), total phenol content, antioxidant capacity and fatty acid composition. Generally, the results showed that olive trees responded well to fertilizer feeding. These trees produced better crop and higher quality oil in comparison with control trees. According to the results, fruit yield is better under urea and potassium nitrate treatment, and the quality of olive oil is more stable after nano-chelated nitrogen and potassium foliar application. It seems that the reason for the high amount of fruit yield with N2K2 in comparison to the slow-release property of nano-fertilizers is that using nitrogen and potassium in the form of ordinary chemical fertilizer regulates the biosynthesis, conversion and rapid translocation of assimilates and mineral elements into reproductive structures, which resulted in soaring yield. We assumed that nano-N1K1 foliar spray in the pit hardening stage and shortly after the fruit harvest for table olive might export the assimilation into the fruit to fulfill cell metabolism requirements for oil synthesis.

 The current findings indicated that two of four treatments, i.e. nano-N1K1 and N2K2, could be more effective on olive trees in terms of general fruit and oil attributes. It was remarkable that nano treatment with a lower concentration could provide adequate beneficial effects on quality characteristics of olive oil and is in line with good management strategies regarding the preservation of the environment. To the best of our knowledge, the current work is the first report considering the application of nano-chelated nitrogen and potassium and their is use as a foliar application on olive trees. Additional studies would be necessary to further optimize the concentration and timing of the applications with these new formulations.

This study aims to identify the factors influencing variety-seeking behavior in customers of online retail markets.  This is a qualitative and applied study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 12 experts and experienced individuals in the field of online businesses and digital retail. Purposeful sampling was used to select participants, and the data were analyzed using grounded theory with open, axial, and selective coding. Maxqda software was employed for data analysis.  The study revealed that factors such as the weaknesses of online businesses, marketing culture, competitor appeal, purchase motivation, and the desire to experience new products directly influence customers' variety-seeking behavior. Pricing strategies, online marketing, and customer loyalty were also found to play a crucial role in either reducing or increasing this behavior.  Variety-seeking behavior in online retail markets is a complex phenomenon influenced by various factors. By improving service quality, creating a unique shopping experience, and utilizing targeted marketing strategies, online businesses can enhance customer loyalty and benefit from reduced variety-seeking behavior.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of metacognitive analytical therapy on the ego strength of nurses suffering from anxiety and depression in COVID-19 wards.

This study is applied in terms of its objective, In terms of method the single subject was semi-experimental (quantitative) of type A-B. The statistical population consisted of nurses with anxiety and depression disorders referred to psychological centers in Zahedan. Three participants were purposefully selected and underwent 10 sessions of intervention. Data were collected using the Ego Strength Questionnaire. Intra-situational and inter-situational visual analysis was used for data analysis.

The results showed that the data of the two stages of the baseline and the intervention have a good non-overlap.Tau-U for the three participants )0.93, 0.82, 0.82(, respectively. Hedge's- g ) 1.73, 1.50, 0.84(, respectively, and the Reliable Change Index scores were 117.6, 21.96, 55.9(, respectively, indicating an increase in scores with a high effect size and significant reliable change.

Analytical metacognitive therapy has an effect on the ego strength of nurses. It is recommended to managers of health-therapeutic centers and psychologists to consider analytical metacognitive therapy in the prevention and treatment programs of psychological problems of people, especially nurses.

The Fars region in Iran is one of the richest places in the world in terms of gas reserves. The area investigated in this study is located on the coastal Fars subzone. In this research, probable source rocks were evaluated by organic geochemical methods and then 1D petroleum system modeling in two wells from the gas fields of southern Iran was contracted and studied. Based on the vitrinite reflectance data and the current temperatures of the formations in the existing wells, the calibrated model and burial history diagram, kerogen to hydrocarbon transformation ratio (TR), the time and amount of light hydrocarbons (c1-c5) and Liquid hydrocarbons (C6+) expulsed from source rock were determined. The geochemical studies in the area reveals that, the Sarchahan Formation is the main candidate source rock. The results obtained from the modeling show that the Sarchahan Formation in the well of the first and second field generated hydrocarbons from 130 and 140 million years ago respectively. Currently, the thermal maturity of the Sarchahan Formation in the both wells is in the gas window. Up to now, the amount of liquid (C6+) hydrocarbons expulsed from the Sarchahan Formation in the first and the second field is about 23500 kg/m2 and 21300 kg/m2 and for gaseous (C1-C5) hydrocarbons is 23000 kg/m2 and 21200 kg/m2, respectively.

Vibrations in rotating equipment are inevitable phenomena and its analysis is necessary and useful to study the condition of the equipment. In a coupled hydroturbine-generator set, the vibrations are caused by the dynamic forces of both machines. Due to the coupling of the turbine and the generator the vibration analysis of each machine separately can not reveal all the phenomena and dynamic behaviors. The change in speed and torque of the turbine and the generator affect each other, so the results of the coupling analysis are closer to reality. In this paper, dynamic modeling of the generator-turbine coupling set is performed and the governing equations of the system are solved using numerical methods in MATLAB software. For more accurate modeling and analysis of the system, the rotational speed of the shaft is considered as variable. The gyroscopic effect and arcuate whirl are also included in the modeling of the set. The frequencies in the vibrations of the set are extracted and the dynamic phenomena related to each are identified. The results show that new dynamic and vibrational phenomena in this system. Also, considering that imbalance mass is never zero, the resulting force is considered in the modeling and the effect of the amount of imbalance mass is also studied and analyzed. Due to the nonlinearity of the governing equations, the analysis of vibrations using phase plane diagrams shows that in some operating conditions, the vibration behavior is chaotic, which can be used in the processing of experimental signals.

In this study, one and two-dimensional models of petroleum systems were constructed in the internal part of the Fars region. Based on the results obtained from one-dimensional modeling and the study of thermal maturation history, the Sarchahan Formation is considered the main source rock of the Paleozoic petroleum system, which started hydrocarbon generation about 130 to 140 million years ago. The liquid hydrocarbon content in wells A and B is estimated to be 720 and 5100 (Kg/m2) respectively, and the gas hydrocarbon content is estimated to be 70 and 600 (Kg/m2). Furthermore, based on the results of two-dimensional modeling, the younger petroleum system source rocks such as the Cretaceous and younger source rocks are thermally immature and have not entered into the oil window. According to the migration modeling results, the most important factor in the movement of hydrocarbon fluids prior to the Zagros orogeny is vertical migration in the career layers, but after this orogeny and tectonic compression, the horizontal migration component has also become active.

The culture of "Zobdatol Favayed" written by the tenth-century Afghan author Shirkhan Soor is one of the valuable but unknown and unknown cultures of the age of Indian lexicography, which despite its great value, has not received much attention from scholars and scholars. In this monolingual encyclopedic dictionary, Shir Khan Sour has explained about twenty thousand words, compositions and terms in Persian to Persian. Apart from the above lexical range and detailed scope of this work, in this culture, other basic features such as the use of known and unknown cultures of the past and the present, attention to the words and terms of masterpieces of Persian poetry, providing abundant Persian poetic evidence and Arabic, explanation of verses, the problem of Persian literature texts and quotations of commentators in the description of verses, translation of Arabic evidences, critical view of Persian cultures, etc. can be seen that has given a good comprehensiveness to this culture. Although the diversity of the interventions of this culture is its strong point, but sometimes it has caused mistakes while explaining the interventions, and the elimination of these mistakes requires a critical look at correcting this culture. Due to the great importance and neglect of this culture, the authors are correcting this precious work and will try to provide a worthy correction of this anonymous Persian language work soon with a critical look. In this study, due to the anonymity of Zobdatol Favayed and the unknown of Shir Khan Sour, an attempt is made to.

Considering the high rate of fasting in the month of Ramadan among patients with cardiovascular diseases, in this study we decided to compare the rate of hospitalization due to decompensated heart failure and fasting in the month of Ramadan with other months.

1315 patients with heart failure admitted in Ayatollah Taleghani and Seyyed al-Shohada Hospitals in Urmia, Iran in Ramadan, Sha'ban and Shawwal months, with LVEF above 35% and below 50% were examined, and their files were extracted from hospital archive. Demographic and clinical information, the number of hospitalizations with uncompensated heart failure, and the variables related to the patients were compared using statistical tests.

The average age of hospitalized patients in Ramadan, one month before Ramadan and the month after Ramadan was 71.966±13.39, 72.46±13.20 and 72.72±12.84 years, respectively. Out of 1315 patients with uncompensated heart failure, 410 (31.2%) were admitted in the Ramada, 499 (37.9%) were admitted before Ramadan, and 406 (30.9%) patients were admitted after Ramadan, which was not significant statistically.

The results of our study showed that in patients with LVEF above 35%, fasting does not increase hospitalizations due to uncompensated heart failure, and the number of hospitalizations in these patients does not increase significantly during Ramadan.

Saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil (Ks) is an important soil property in the management of irrigation and drainage issues, including areas covered with palm trees. This study was conducted to determine the amount of Ks in the palmetum lands of Bavi city of Khuzestan province. The amount of Ks was also evaluated using field, laboratory methods and Pedotransfer functions. The amount of Ks in five distances of 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 meters from palm trees with three replications by double ring methods, Guelph permeameter, falling head, Rosetta model and Pedotransfer functions of Cosby et al., Ferrer-Julia et al., Campbell and Shiozawa, Dane and Puckett and Puckett et al. were obtained. Evaluation of the results showed that the double ring methods, Rosetta model and Pedotransfer function of Cosby et al. with a geometric mean error ratio of about 1 were more accurate than other methods. The deviation time of these methods were 4.75, 5.31 and 26.14, respectively. The geometric standard deviation error ratios of these methods to the falling head method were 1.10, 1.40 and 2.08, respectively.

In recent years, the value of literary and artistic works and their use have become increasingly important and now play an important role in the production of science and scientific and cultural progress in Iran. However, since according to the provisions of literary and artistic right a legitimate and legal exploitation of literary and artistic works is necessary to obtain permission from the copyright holder, there are works of art known as Orphan works that Their current owner is not available or can not be found. In the legal system of Iran, these works are not identified and there are no specific regulations regarding them. Considering the importance of the subject matter and the challenges that it poses to consumers, the reference to other contemporary legal systems and the use of Experience and study of their approaches can be a way of identifying the challenges of exploiting Orphan works and guidance to legislate in the establishment of appropriate laws in this regard.

Biostratigraphy, microfacies and depositional environments of the Upper Cretaceous deposits (Gurpi and Amiran formations) were carried out in the Gerdbisheh section. The Gurpi Formation predominantly consists of shales interbedded with some argillaceous limestone layers. This formation disconformably overlies the Sarvak Formation and gradually underlies the Amiran Formation. The Amiran Formation is represented by grey to greenish shales, siltstones and sandstone intercalations which underlay the informal siliciclastic-carbonate unit 1. Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages have led to the recognition of six zones that reveal the late Coniacian?–early Maastrichtian age for the Gurpi Formation. Radiolaria and scattered planktonic foraminifera are the two main fossil groups present in the Amiran Formation. Therefore, based on the precence of the index planktonic foraminfera and the stratigraphic position the early-middle? Maastrichtian age is proposed for the Amiran Formation. We determined two microfacies in the interval of the Gurpi Formation and three petrofacies in the Amiran Formation. According to the obtained data the Gurpi Formation was deposited in the basinal setting, whereas the Amiran Formation is deposited as submarine fans on the slope part of a carbonate shelf under the control of turbidity currents.

Among the cultural endeavors of Armed Forces researchers, we can mention the development of cultures in the field of defense, security, military and law enforcement. While appreciating all the authors of these works and their efforts, each of whom has dealt with this issue from a different point of view, there is a big flaw in these works, and that is that the compilation of these cultures does not conform to some cultural criteria. Is writing. In this article, we try to show the disadvantages and advantages of cultures written in the Armed Forces by criticizing the bilingual cultures written in the Armed Forces based on general and specific criteria of lexicography so that future researchers can use it and culture. Write scientific articles in accordance with the principles and criteria of modern lexicography. Criticism and evaluation of these cultures show that the authors of military cultures in some cases such as: scope, inclusion, level, paper quality, type of letters and printing, use of official language, lack of spelling errors, etc. acted well and according to lexicographic criteria. They have advanced, but sometimes they have ignored criteria such as: introduction and preface, images, editing principles, page layout, list of entries, etc., which are necessary for lexicography and need to be corrected in later editions of their works.

Referring to the alleviating role of antioxidant enzymes in various abiotic stresses, the impact of high temperature (heat) stress on the activity of some antioxidant enzymes as well as their gene expression patterns were evaluated in one-year-old olive cultivars “Zard” and “Direh”. For this, potted olive seedlings were transferred to the artificial growth chamber and exposed to three different temperature regimes including 32°C (before-stress), 45°C (during-stress) and 36°C (after-stress) through a completely randomized factorial design. Based on the results, cumulative shoot growth (%) in “Zard”, and proline accumulation in “Direh” were dominant in response to the heat stress. The activity of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes increased by high temperature stress in both cultivars. In after-stress stage, the activity of ascorbate oxidase (APX) enzyme was soared just in “Zard” in comparison with during-stress stage. The patterns of expression of POD and SOD coding genes were in coordinate with their relevant enzymes activities, though the expression level in cultivar “Direh” was about two times more than in that of “Zard”. With compared to the before-stress stage, the expression of APX gene(s) was down regulated at both during-stress and after-stress stages. Generally, olive cultivars “Zard” showed fewer fluctuations in terms of the studied activities of the antioxidant enzymes and their relevant genes expression patterns. Also, cultivar “Zard” had relatively quick recovery ability from heat stress based on the analyzed traits.

In this experiment the effect of the foliar applications of proline, yeast extract, and urea on thegrowth, yield, and quality characteristics of active substance of hyssop was investigated. This study was done in a split plot experimentalin randomized complete block design with three replications at the experimental field of Shahrekord University in 2017. The main plot was sole cropping of fenugreek, sole cropping of hyssop, and three intercropping ratios i.e. %50 fenugreek + %50 hyssop, %25 fenugreek + %75 hyssop, and %75fenugreek + %25 hyssop. The sub-plot was four levels foliar sprayings i.e. non-spraying or control and foliar sprayings of proline, yeast, and urea.The results showed that the intercropping and foliar sprayings of proline, yeast, and urea were significantly affected on some characteristics of hyssop such as plant height, number of lateral branches and the contents of chlorophyll a and b. The amount of land equivalent ratio (LER) in the intercropping was more than hyssop monoculture. In addition, LER under the foliar spraying of proline, yeast, and ureawas higher in comparison with non-foliar application.The pattern planting and foliar sprayings of proline, yeast, and urea had significant impacts on the proline content in the hyssop plants. Also, effect of monoculture of hyssop on essential oil content and yield of hyssop wassignificant; however, the foliar application of proline, yeast, and ureahad not influences on two these characteristics. In conclusion, the intercropping hyssop with legume (fenugreek) and the foliar sprayingsof proline, yeast, and urea can improve somegrowth parameters and active substance or the quantity and quality essential oilof hyssop.

The goal of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the State Shame and Guilt Scale among students. The method of this descriptive study was psychometric and of correlational plans and the sampling method was convenience sampling. The research population includes all the students of public and Azad universities of Tehran and Alborz provinces who were studying in the academic year 1398-1399, initially 998 participants and then by including valid questionnaires 976 participants completed the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer, Miller, Metzger & Borkovec, 1990) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet & Farley, 1988), in addition to The State Shame and Guilt Scale (Marschall, Sanftner & Tangney, 1994). The results of exploratory factor analysis indicated that the 10-item version of the State Shame and Guilt Scale has a two-factor structure in Iranian culture. The internal consistency of the scale was desirable and Cronbach's alpha was equaled to 0.91. The significant positive correlation between the scores of the State Shame and Guilt Scale and the scores of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (0.33) indicated a desired convergent validity, and the significant negative correlation between the scores of the State Shame and Guilt Scale and the scores of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (-0.30) indicated an optimal divergent validity (p<0/001). Based on the findings, it can be said that the Persian version of the State Shame and Guilt Scale, as a tool in accordance with the original version, can help experts in assessing the shame and guilt states.

Cornelian cherry fruit is an important source of vitamins and antioxidant compounds, and the prevention of the reduction of fruit nutritional value, appearance quality and firmness during the post-harvest period is one of the important issue in this fruit. The effect of phenylalanine postharvest treatment (0, 2, 4, 6 mmol), and different storage times (7, 14 and 21 days) on maintaining the physicochemical properties of cornelian cherry fruit during storage as a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was investigated in current research. Immediately after treatment, the fruits were placed in a cold storage at 2±1 °C and relative humidity of 85±5%. Based on the results, the maximum content of anthocyanin (2.6 mg CYN-3-GLU/100g FW), flavonoids (13.16 mg QE/100g FW), total phenol (371.8 mg GAE/100g FW), soluble solids (17.66 %) in the third week and maximum content of ascorbic acid (26.89 mg/100g FW) were accompanied by 2 mmol phenylalanine. The lowest amount of H2O2 (0.36 µmol/100g FW) and the percentage of frostbite, and also the highest amount of proline (0.36 mg/g FW) were observed with 6 mmol phenylalanine treatment in the third week. The results showed in order to achieve the important goal of storage cornelian cherry in the cold storage, which maintains the desired physical and chemical characteristics of this fruit and has a longer shelf than storage at normal temperature, 2 mmol phenylalanine can be the most appropriate treatment.

Gearbox and vibrations are two inseparable components of each other. In other words, the nature of the gear meshing in the gearbox has inevitable vibrations due to the impact during the meshing of the teeth. These unavoidable vibrations in some cases cause the gearbox to malfunction, so vibration analyzes are very important and efficient in analyzing gearbox performance and optimizing them. A planetary gearbox has a main gear of the sun as the actuator in the center, several planetary gears around it and a ring gear in which this set rotates and an arm is attached to the planetary gears and acts as the output for the planetary gearbox. In this paper, first to express the desired vibration relations in the planetary gearbox. Then to investigate and apply the relations governing the electric motor in MATLAB software. In the following, the vibration model of the planetary gearbox motor coupling model is simulated in order to observe and analyze the interaction between the electric motor and the planetary gearbox. Frequency spectrum are analyzed to investigate the interaction of motor and planetary gearbox. It should be noted that dynamic modeling and analysis has been performed in ABAQUS software to extract the mesh stiffness of time-varying engagement between the teeth of the two gears involved in the planetary gearbox.

Corn (Zea mays L) is an annual cereal crop adapted to various ecological conditions. Corn with wheat and rice are three strategic agricultural products in the world. Drought stress is the crucial factor to limit the production of corn among abiotic stresses. Drought stress in corn reduces photosynthesis, and consequently grain yield by reducing the leaf chlorophyll level. Many external and internal factors are effective in plant growth. The most important internal factors are hormones and the most important external factors are light and temperature. Hormones regulate Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) and coordinate the processes occurring in different parts of the plant body. Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) increase plant tolerance to various environmental stresses, such as drought, salinity, cold, and heat, and this increase in tolerance to environmental stresses depends on the production of transcripts of anti-stress genes, such as heat shock genes and LEA genes. It is possible to divide the products of genes induced under drought stress conditions into two categories: (1) Those playing a direct protective role against stresses; (2) Those controlling gene expression and message transmission. The Rab-17 gene is one of the genes whose expression increases during drought stress following an increase in ABA. This gene belongs to second group LEA proteins. Several gene products identical to Rab17-encoded proteins have been identified in different plants. Studies indicate that LEA proteins act as water-binding molecules in grains and protect other proteins against the negative effects of drought, including ion separation from macro molecules and membrane protection against freezing damage. This study was conducted to examine the effect of the foliar application of proline amino acid and growth regulators, including benzyl adenine, gibberellic acid, as well as the combination of benzyl adenine and gibberellic acid and proline amino acid on the growth, yield and expression of the Rab-17 gene in corn (Zea mays L) (Single Cross 704) under drought stress.

This study was conducted as a split plot on the base of randomized complete block design with three replications in 2015 and 2016. Three irrigation treatments were considered, including after 70 (control), 90, and 100 mm evaporation from the surface of standard Class A evaporation pan as the main agent. Phytohormones BA6, GA (3+ 7), proline amino acid, BA6+ GA (3+ 7) +AA and pure water as control were considered five levels of the sub-factor. The plants were irrigated every 10 days before water stress was applied. Mild and severe stress treatments were applied 45 days after planting and in the 12-leaf stage. Afterward, foliar Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) and proline were applied in the stem elongation stage of corn.

The results and analysis of the data indicate that all the measured traits decreased with drought stress; however, the proline content increased by increasing the drought stress. For example, drought stress reduced forage yield by 46%. Corn yield was 1.3 times of the control treatment under severe drought stress with foliar application of proline amino acid. In the genetic experiments, increase of drought stress did not increase the PCR response to the Rab-17 gene due to the increased secretion of abscisic acid (ABA) and susceptibility of single cross 704 to drought stress.

According to the results, the foliar application of proline amino acid and Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) can improve the growth and yield of corn under drought stress by improving plant physiological and genetic responses. Furthermore, the change in the expression of a number of genes appears to be occurred in response to drought stress. The results indicate that gene expression plays a vital role in the drought tolerance of corn; hence, it is suggested to be highly examined in further studies. It is possible that the current results draw our attention to the effects of tested Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) on the physiology and genetic contents of corn in drought conditions to use the regulators at the right time to deal with environmental stresses in addition to perform proper management in the field, and to increase the efficiency of roots to uptake nutrients.

Molavi uses many associations in the Masnavi and goes from one subject to another. This has caused one of the most frequent and important mystical topics of the Masnavi, that is, "conversation and companionship" and the virtues of seekers and the benefits that Rumi enumerates for companionship with divine saints, to not be investigated very precisely. In this research, we are looking to investigate this issue by collecting scattered verses on the subject of conversing and companionship in the Masnavi and analyzing them based on the Masnavi itself, relying on intratextual signs and situational context. However, due to the fact that the review of six books of the Masnavi is beyond the scope of this article, only the first and second books are examined. Through this research, we found out that Rumi pursues a certain intellectual and meaningful unity and coherence in the matter of conversation and companionship of seekers with divine saints, despite the "chattering of words" and this is evident from the order of the discussions and the contents of the topic of conversation. Expressing the types of companionship and parting and mentioning several virtues such as patience and surrender, paying attention to the words of parents and acting on them, not holding grudges, continuous effort, expressing need and humility, avoiding the idea of ​​perfection, etc. for conversation and companionship of the seekers with the divines and also bringing many benefits of these companionships -such as transformation of the senses, freedom from appearance, freedom from the confusion of the way of progressing, freedom from the devil, breaking the lust and leaning, freedom from the world and worldly pleasures, freedom from the selfishness and machinations. It is indicative of this order and coherence of thought and meaning could be found in the Masnavi.