علی قلعه ایها

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies and leading cause of death among women worldwide. Increase awareness, change the attitude and practice of women on breast cancer screening are effective way to reduce mortality due to early detection and treatment of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of education on breast cancer screening by using WhatsApp platform among the staff of the Islamic Azad University of Hamadan.

A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 236 staffs in Islamic Azad University, Hamedan. Participants were randomized to either intervention group (118 staffs) or control group (118 staffs). One month’s education via wats up was delivered to the intervention group. The outcomes measures were assessed at baseline and three months after intervention. Chi-square and independent samples t-test were conducted in the course of the data analysis.

the results of this study showed; there were significant improvement in knowledge (p=0.02), attitude (p=0.01), BSE practice (p=0.00), CBE practice (p=0.004) and mammography practice (p=0.03) after intervention. There were not significant changes in control group before and after intervention.

Implementing educational intervention based on WATS up messenger can improve knowledge, attitude and breast cancer screening among participants. A public health education program is essential to improve breast cancer prevention among different group of people in community.

Prioritizing the list of required research, taking into account the real needs and problems of the health sector, provides a ground for justice; strengthens the link between research, action, and policy; and addresses the needs of vulnerable groups. The present study was done to formulate research priorities of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences using the opinions of experts in the field of health as a positive step towards proper allocation of research resources of the University to solve the problem.   In this study, the research priorities of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in 13 domains during 2017 were ranked using 10 standard criteria according to the Essential National Health Research (ENHR) approach.   Forty inter and intra beneficiaries were participated in this study. During the sessions, using group training techniques (brain storming), the topics were discussed, resulting in identifying 122 topics in 13 domains. In each of these domains, top 10 topics with the highest ranks were determined as the research priorities of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.   Determination of research priorities at a provincial level based on the ENHR approach was conducted in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences with the cooperation of all health stakeholders for the first time. The result of this study will play an important role in optimum use of resources of the research and technology domain of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences by directing research projects according to the identified priorities.

Background and Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder and mental illness that is recognized as type I and type II. Bipolar I disorder involves at least one episode of mania and is a common chronic recurrence disease with various causes responsible for its recurrence. The aim of this study was to determine effective factors on relapsing disease in patients with bipolar I disorder using frailty model.
The information of 268 patients with bipolar I disorder who were hospitalized in Farshchian Hospital, Hamedan, Iran (2008-2014) were collected using their records. Patients hospitalized due to more than one recurrence were entered the study. The intervals between recurrence times were recorded. FrailtyPack of R software was used to fit model.
The mean age of patients was 34.10±11.56 years, and 160 patients (72.7%) were male. In total, 696 recurrences occurred in 268 patients. The number of recurrences was between 2 to 7 times. All patients experienced at least 2 recurrence episodes. The results of fragmented frailty model practice showed significant effect of age, race, place of residence, crime, and type of treatment on relapsing time (P Many factors, including demographics and illness characteristics might cause the recurrence of bipolar disorder, therefore identifying these factors can help in preventing or reducing the incidence of recurrence of this disease.

Today, 80% of the success of people is related to some skills that will somehow be associated with emotional intelligence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of emotional intelligence training applying social support theory on reducing percieved stress and promoting communication skills among male high school students in Hamadan
In this experimental study, 100 male high school students in Hamadan were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention included 5 sessions for students and 2 sessions for parents and scool teachers, manuals, educational CD, blogs and SMS reminders respectively. Measures included the social support theory, emotional intelligence, communication skills, and perceived stress that was conducted in three stages . Data were analyzed with SPSS software16 and Chi Squre test, T-test and Repeated measure design.
The results were showed significant differences between the scores of students in the theoretical construct of social support, emotional intelligence, communication skills, and perceived stress in both intervention and control groups, one month and two months after intervention.
The results showed that emotional intelligence training on the theory of social support can effectively reduce stress on understanding and improving the communication skills of students and set ( or could use) the theoretical framework for the design and evaluation of educational .

In spite of many studies conducted on the subject of pain and its effects on quality of life, there is not still any complete information about factors involving pain intensity and duration and how those can influent the patient’s life. The aim of the current study was determining the role of intensity and duration of pain on quality of life in patients with chronic pain.
This cross-sectional study was conducted with participation of the patients referring to the pain centers in Tehran's hospitals in 2012-2013. Patients (n=300) were selected by using multi-stage random sampling technique. For determining pain intensity, a 0–10 numeric rating scale was used and the patients were asked for the duration of pain. The questionnaire of quality of life,designed by the World Health Organization, was used to measure quality of life. Further, Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression tests were used to analyze the data by using SPSS version 19.
These findings showed that the pain intensity and duration has significant correlation with the quality of life and its different dimensions (P According to the results of this study, it could be suggested that pain intensity, particularly its corporal dimensions, have more significant role in predicting the patient's quality of life, whose suffering from chronic pain.

AIDS is one of the most dangerous infectious diseases in the world and especially among young people. Prevention is known as the most principal approach to manage this issue. AIDS prevention requires gaining knowledge and real attitude of transmission and prevention of this illness. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the knowledge and attitudes toward AIDS between students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, in 2015.
This investigation was a cross-sectional descriptive study. 320 students from medicine, nursing, midwifery and paramedical sciences schools were selected by sampling methods in 2014-2015. To collect data, demographic and the international AIDS questionnaire was used. Data analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis with SPSS software, version 22.
The mean and standard deviation score of students’ knowledge toward AIDS in general was 5.89±54.43 and 3.54±20.12 for attitudes score. The results showed that between gender and level of knowledge (P=0.391) and attitude about AIDS (P=0.104) no significant difference was seen. Also, between faculty and educational level of students and their knowledge and attitudes no significant changes was recognized (P Due to the necessity of increasing knowledge about routes of AIDS transmission and appropriate attitudes toward patients, authorities should design and organize programs, based on cultural and social conditions, to raise knowledge and improve attitudes, specially prevetion of AIDS transmission, in society.

Depression is one of the most common mental disorder and most often، the symptoms begin to emerge in adolescence and early youth. Students are in this age range. Since development of depression is associated with dramatic decrease in social، occupational، and educational functioning in the youth، the current study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of depression and its effective demographic variables among the medical students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in 2014. This descriptive، analytical، cross-sectional study was performed on 222 medical students of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences who were selected through convenience sampling in 2014. The questionnaires of demographic information and Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) were used for data gathering. Student’s t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for data analysis by using SPSS software version 22. The results showed that 101 (45%) of the students were normal and 121 (55%) suffering from various degrees of depression، including 55 (24%) with mild depression، 56 (25. 2%) with moderate depression، 7 (3. 2%) with severe depression and 3 (1. 4%) very severe depression. There was no significant relationship between sex، marriage، native/non-native، habitat and depression. Also، one-way analysis of variance indicated no significant relationship between grade and depression (P=0. 268). The results showed that at least half of the subjects had some degrees of depression. Therefore، it is proposed that the programs are required to promote mental health of the students to reduce the psychological problems such as depression.

There has been growing interest in adolescents’ emotional intelligence and strengthening their various skills including effective and efficient communication. Therefore، this study sought to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and communication skills of high school students in Hamadan، Iran based on the theory of social support. This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2014. Multistage sampling was performed to select 497 students from high schools of Hamadan. The subjects completed a questionnaire containing items on communication skills، emotional intelligence، and social support. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test، Spearman’s correlation test، t-test، and analysis of variance in SPSS-18. There was a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and communication skills of the participants. The students had a moderate level of communication skills. In general، girls enjoyed higher levels of communication skills، emotional intelligence، and social support (except appraisal support) compared to boys. Moreover، constructs of social support were significantly related with emotional intelligence and communication skills. According to our findings، educational interventions and training packages for students، parents، and schoolteachers are required to improve the students’ emotional intelligence and communication skills.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parental attachment and students’ academic adjustments among first year student in Hamadan University of Medicine and Health Sciences. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 395 first year students between 17-19 years old were requited through in convenience method during first semester 1389-90. Data were collected by a structured questionnaire including, socio-demography, parental attachments, inter- parental conflicts, social skills, and academic achievements. Data were analyzed by descriptive and interferential statistics through SPSS (version 17). The results showed that the mean age of students was 18.57(SD 0.43). Most of students were female (70.6%). 72% were studied in bachelor level. The most of students (82%) were lived in universitie's campuses and 15% lived with their family. In the families having the higher parental attachments and the lower inter-parental conflicts, their students had higher level of academic adjustments. In addition students who had higher social skills had better academic adjustments than others (p<0.01). The results reveled the role of the quality of parent-child relationships on their student's academic adjustments. Parental supports and understanding have an important role in solving student's problems in universities. Therefore it should be considered by higher education administration policies.

Introduction & One of the chronic diseases which increases the risk of depression is cancer. In many studies، different kinds of cancer have been suggested as critical risk factors for depression. This survey was done in Hamadan with the aim of determining the frequency of depression in and patients with breast cancer، some of the effective factors on it in patients with breast cancer. In a prospective study 111 involving patients with breast cancer، who were going to Oncologists'' or Surgeons'' offices or Department of Oncology in Farshchian Hospital for continuing their treatment or follow up were surveyed. To collect data for depression، Beck Depression Questionnaire was used. Data in questionnaire and forms were analyzed with SPSS software and descriptive statistics and if needed for the evaluation of significance، statistical T-test، non parametric test (Mann Whitney) and chi- square test and even accurate test of Fisher were used. Totally 68 patients (61. 3%) were considered depressed (their grade was more than 15). Among 43 patients who were not depressed (their grade was less than 15)، 15 patients (34. 9%) got a score in the internal 0-10، that is they were not depressed at all. The rest got a score 11-15، which means that they had borderline symptoms for depression. Among 68 depressed patients 23 patients (33. 8%) had minor depression، 26 (38. 2%) had moderate depression، 16 (23. 5%) had severe depression and 3 patients (4. 5%) had very severe depression. Considering the results of this study and that the screening of patients with breast cancer for depression، with Beck questionnaire، doesn’t need much time or cost، we suggest that the screening of these patients at different levels of their treatment or follow up be done by timely reference of depressed patients to psychologists for consultation.

Migraine is the most common cause of headache which affects 15% of female and 6% of male populations. Patients with migraine may have psychological problems, thus, association of migraine with depression, anxiety and other psychological disorders should be considered for choosing the best management approach.

In this case-control analytical study, one hundred and twenty patients with migraine were recruited among patients who attended the Psychiatry Clinic of Farshchian Hospital in Hamedan, Iran during 2008- 2009. The patients met the IHS criteria for migraine and none had disorders, such as Huntington disease, that are associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The people who accompanied patients attending the Internal Medicine Clinic of the Hospital and had no history of migraine headaches were recruited as the controls. Maudsley's inventory was used for the diagnosis of OCD. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS software.

In the control group, 3 (2.5%) and in the case group 11 (9.17%) people had OCD (P=0.024). All of those with OCD in the control group and 9 out of 11 in the case group were female. There were no cases of OCD among patients with mild migraine. Among 36 patients with moderate headache 5 (13.89%) people had OCD and among 62 people with severe migraine 6 (9.68%) had OCD (P=0.510).

The prevalence of OCD in patients with migraine was significantly higher than the normal population. Special attention to comorbid conditions such as OCD is necessary in the management of migraine headaches.

Mental image of body is the image and feeling of a person from size and form of his own body and its constituent elements in the mind. The purpose of this study was to investigate the disturbances in mental image of the body in patients with major depression disorder (MDD) and comparison with non-depressed persons, using draw-a-person test.

In this case-control study, 30 patients with MDD, admitted in psychiatric ward of Hamadan Farshchian hospital, were selected randomly. Thirty non-depressed persons, whom the demographic characteristics such as sex, age, academic education and marital status were matched with the case group, were selected as control group. All the subjects were assessed by structured psychiatric interview and toy-man test (draw-a-person) with McHover method. The data were analyzed by means of SPSS version 16 at the significant level of P<0.05.

The comparison of the drawings was indicative of higher incidence of deleting & misplacing of organs, nonstandard dimensions, deformity of the image, false proportion of organs, using geometrical figures for drawing and false positioning of the image in the case group comparing with the controls (P<0.01 for all). No significant difference was observed between the two groups, regarding the picture transparency.

The disturbance of mental image of a MDD patient about the shape of his own body may indicative of the changes in the cortical and perceptual processes of brain.

Introduction & The high incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) after elective, non-cardiac surgery (4–54%), provides a useful clinical venue to study its relationship to postoperative cognitive and functional impairments Present study was done to assess the prevalence of cognitive disorder in older patients before and after surgery in Hamadan educational Hospitals. In this descriptive-analytic study, 160 old person who referred to surgery wards of teaching hospitals of Hamedan city were assessed during a one-year period (2009-2010). A questionnaire included age, sex, type of surgical operation, type of anesthesia, and duration of anesthesia was fulfilled for each patient. For the assessment of cognitive function, patients were evaluated with MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination) questionnaire before operation (day of admission) and three days after it. In mentioned questionnaire the ideal score is 30, score below 25 indicates probable cognitive impairment and a score below 20 indicates definite cognitive impairment. The mean age of the studied patients was 75.40 ± 5.80. Most of these patients were males in an age of range 71 to 75 years (67.5%). Pre-operative MMSE score was higher than 25 in 75.6% of patients; 20 – 25 in 16.9% of patients and below 20 in 7.5% of patients. After operation this score was higher than 25 in 52.5% of patients; 20 t0 25 in 28.8% of patients; and below 20 in 18.7% of patients. There is a significant difference between the percentage of patients who had pre-operative score below 20 and the patients who had score below 20 after operation (P

Introduction & Depression and anxiety are common after acute myocardial infarction and are associated with an increased risk of mortality and morbidity. Also acute coronary syndrome is the most frequent cause of hospitalization in everyday cardio logical practice. Because the frequency of depression and anxiety in patients with acute coronary syndrome has not been examined well in our institute, we conducted a study to make it clear. In a descriptive cross-sectional study, interviews were carried out in the hospital with 360 patients with acute coronary syndrome. Depression and anxiety were assessed using the 13 and 10 item symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90) and was defined as a score of 10.4 or higher for depression and a score of 8 or higher for anxiety. All the data were extracted by questionnaire and compared with c2, one way ANOVA test and Pearson coefficient by using SPSS 13 Software. The SCL-90 identified depression and anxiety in 66.6% and 47.5% of patients, respectively. There is no difference between the age of the patients with various degrees of depression and anxiety. For those subjects who were depressed, distinctly higher scores on anxiety variables were established. Also, depression and anxiety were significantly higher in females than males (P<0.001). Depression and anxiety were common following an acute coronary syndrome in our institute, with a strong correlation between anxiety and depression in this sample of patients.

Introduction &

Substance abuse is believed to be one of the greatest social, economical, and cultural problems all over the world and it is commonly observed among all social classes especially among mental disorder patients. Substance abuse can influence on the receptive-mental states such as mood and on the external visible activities such as behaviors. The aim of this study is to survey the frequency of Substance abuse in hospitalized mental-psychic patients in psychiatric ward of Farshchian hospital in Hamadan.

In this descriptive and retrospective study, available sampling method was used along with examining filed records in which the records of 400 hospitalized patients (293 men and 107 women) from September 2000 to 2001 were checked and required data such as demographic information, infliction duration, substance abuse duration, psychiatric diagnosis were extracted and registered. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistical methods.

About half of the hospitalized patients in the psychiatric ward had simultaneous substance abuse. Men had substance abuse more than women and the youths aged 20-39 more than the other groups. The study showed that widowing had positive relationship and higher education negative relationship with substance abuse

Mood disorders with 90.53%, schizophrenia with 8.29%, and other diagnostics with 1.18% were observed in persons with substance abuse and these diagnostics in non substance abuse persons were 79.22%, 11.26% and 9.52% respectively

For all individuals, mental, physical and social health is vital strands of life that are closely interwoven and deeply interdependent. And mental health is crucial to the overall well-being of individuals, societies and countries. The aim of this study is to identify the mental health needs of Hamedanian people. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The participants consist of 1300 persons who were selected by stratified sampling. A 30- item questionnaire was used to gather data from the samples. It consisted of three parts: A-demographic factors, B-questions related to mental health service delivery and C- questions related to mental health needs. Results showed that the Hamedan city people believed that mental health services are inadequate, they did not access services near their home (76%) and mass media educational programs about services was poor(34%). The expressed needs of people were: mental health education (72%), established mental health centers in schools (52. 8%) and factories (50. 7%) and expanding the comprehensive mental health centers in the city(57. 8%). Expanding the assurance services (85. 6%), modifying wrong beliefs and ideas about mental illness (42. 6%), and improving the mental health in society. Community based mental health services should to provide comprehensive and local cares and treatments. Services should be comprehensive in that they provide a range of facilities to meet the mental health needs of the population at large as well as of special groups, such as children, adolescents, women and elderly people.

Birth rate of patients with schizophrenia during the winter and spring months is 5%-8% higher worldwide than their rate in the general population, although the reasons are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine birth season of schizophrenic patients hospitalized in Sina hospital of Hamedan city between 1999 and 2004. In this descriptive- analytical (cross-sectional) study, 645 schizophrenic cases who had been hospitalized in Sina psychiatric center of Hamedan city between 1999 and 2004 and their disorder had been determined based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria (DSM-IV) were surveyed. Means of data collection was a questionnaire consisting of personal history queries and queries regarding the aims of the study. The obtained data was analysed by means of SPSS (10) software and using descriptive-inferential statistics at the significant level P≤0.05. The subjects included 381 men and 273 women. Most cases had been born in spring (46.2%) and winter (31.8%), and the least births (7.6%) belonged to summer. The results showed the effects of seasonal variations on the occurrence of schizophrenic patients’ births as their births had a higher frequency in spring and winter rather than in summer and autumn.

Background and Women are subject to postpartum depression in the childbearing age which is associated with aerious somplications for the mother infant and the family. Its cause is not known. Many studies have the effect of psychosocial factors in this regard but there is meager information on the biological grounds. Recently anemia has been on the focus as causing depression. This study was conducted to determine the the relationship between anemia and postpartum depression. Methods and Materials: This prospective descripe-anlytical study was conducted on the population of women admitted to the Fatemiyyeh Health Center affiliated to Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Iran in 2006. The study sample included 159 normal (non depressed confirmed by the Beck test) pregnant women who were selected by convenient non-probability methods. With a gestational age of 38-40 weeks they were divided into two groups of anemics and non-anemics by their hemoglubin levels (measured by Cyan Matt). They were homegenized as for the confounders. On the 7th and 28th days after labor their hemoglubin was measred again. On the 28th day they completed the Edinburgh Questionnaire. The relationship between their postpartum depression and anemia was assessed three times. Chi-square t-test Mann Whitney and the relative risk tests were used in SPSS to analyze the obatained data. 14.6% of the non-anemics and 38.6% of the anemics (measured on the 38-40 weeks) were found t obe depressed on the 28th day after delivery and anemia had increased the chances of postpartum depression by 1.8 times 14.8% of the non-anemics and 35.9% of the anemics (measured on the 7th day after labor) were depressed on the 28th day and anemia had increased the chances of postpartum depression by 1.7 times. Also 11.5% of the non-anemics and 46% of the anemics (measured on the 28th day after labor) were depressed after labor. Anemia had increased the chances of postpartum depression by 2.5 times. It seems that anemia in the 38-40 weeks of gestation on the 7th and 28th days after labor can increase the likelihood of postpartum depression.

Introduction & The influence of genetic, biological, psychological, social and cultural factors on drug dependency and high rate comorbidity of this phenomenon with psychiatric disorders for example anxiety, depression and characteristics and personality disorders is emphasized. The aim of this study was the comparative investigation of mental disorders and personality traits in persons with drug dependent and non drug dependent in Hamadan city in 2001-2003. Present research was a descriptive comparison and subjects were 100 drug dependent persons and 100 non drug dependent individuals. Case group was chosen through available sampling among persons who call on psychiatrist and control group was chosen through randomly simple sampling from general population. Measurement and diagnostic tools includes questionnaire for examining demographic characteristics, designed by researchers and MMPI, SCL90-R tests and DSM IV criteria diagnostic and also T test that was used for analyzing data. Between two groups in clinical and validity scales of MMPI test expect for hypochondriasis and hysteria and scales of SCL 90-R test expect somatization and interpersonal sensitivity differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). We can conclude that persons with drug dependent display more signs of psychopathology and mental disorders in comparison with non drug dependent people and Major depressive disorder and personality disorder were frequent among drug dependent groups. Depression and personal disorders were frequent in non drug dependent persons too. Our results support the results of previous studies.

Accident is one of the most important causes of death & disability in the world and it is necessary to pay deep attention to this problem from several aspects. Different tensions such as accidents, quarrels, and occupational injuries can be influential in economical and social issues, insecurity, unrest, lack of social welfare and disabilities. Since the majority of accidents take place in juvenility and the major part of Iranian current population are juvenile, tight control and consideration of various aspects of this task can be effective. In this study 9828 persons who referred to legal medicine center of Hamedan, were exposed to trauma. The injured who recommended from police or judicial authorities, toke medical examination and their injuries filled up and wrote in questionnaire. Then in case of physician had discretion about reevaluation and reexamination of patients they toke check up in specific interval times until the recovery or disability or death are created. Totally, 76% of cases were male and 24% were female. The most ages of referral with 3218 persons had been 20-29 years old. The most causes of referral were quarrel which the main stimulant was unknown in most cases (43.5%). The most common devices were hard objects (91.2%). Trauma was most likely to occur at the evening between 12Am and 6Pm in (43.5%) cases. Approximately, 32.3% of patients who referred to legal Medical center came in summer especially in August (11.4%). The most common sigh was ecchymosis (46.5%). 99.4% of patients had been cured and only 0.6% of them were dead due to severity and morbidity. The results show that car accidents and quarrels have been increased in society that could potentially wasting effects of man power and useful time and lead to disability and morbidity. The most important way to prevent the development of these accidents and tensions are enculturation and appropriate strategies.