علی واعظ

Institutional investors are considered to be one of the main pillars of corporate governance, and the monitoring of managers is done more favorably with their presence. Sometimes, institutional investors temporarily focus their attention on some parts of their investment portfolio, and this causes that at the same time, the monitoring activities on some other companies are reduced. The issue is referred to as the deviation of the attention of institutional investors. In the current research, it has been discussed that when the attention of institutional investors is diverted from a company, whether this issue is taken into account from the point of view of independent auditors in the assessment of audit risk or not. For this purpose, 850 company-year observations (85 companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange) have been collected during the years 2012 to 2021. In order to analyze the data, the panel data regression model and EViews 10 software were used. For this purpose, by using a suitable criterion to measure the deviation of the attention of institutional investors, its relationship with the audit fee and the delay of the auditor's report was investigated. The results of the research showed that the audit fee and the audit lag increase in periods when institutional investors temporarily focus their attention on other parts of their portfolio. Therefore, it can be said that the monitoring activities of institutional shareholders have led to the reduction of audit risk and this is in the interest of auditors. This paper also shows that the negative effect of investors’ limited attention on corporate monitoring can be somewhat mitigated by auditors.

The audit fee is determined primarily by the characteristics of the applicant (client), the audit firm, and the conditions governing the profession and community and the cultural environment. This research merely examines the factors related to the professional, cultural and social environment that affect audit fees. In this research, the qualitative study and the grounded theory method have been used and the opinions of the experts gathered through the interview have been analyzed. To validate the results of the research, the criteria for consensus and control of the members have been used. According to the results, the community's association with auditing, the perception of users and stakeholders from auditing, decision-makers and policymakers, and the degree to which competitiveness is rated, are recognized as the most important factors affecting occupational and environmental conditions. Meanwhile, factors such as the size and focus of the market and the degree of international association of firms and the risk of litigation against auditors in Iran are the most important intervening condition affecting the determination of audit fees. Also, the set of these factors, along with the implications of reasonable fees and living conditions, are described.

Prior research suggests that the Industry specialization on Auditors increase audit quality. Also, expected auditors through their information intermediary and corporate governance roles, decrease crash risk by decreasing agency costs, aligning interests of managers and investors, decreasing malfeasance by managers, improving operations, quality financial reporting. So, the aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Industry Specialist on auditor connection with accounting conservatism and stock price crashes of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose three hypotheses are developed and data on the 99 companies in Tehran Stock Exchange for the period of 1384 to 1393 were analyzed. This regression model using panel data with fixed effects approach, reviews and tests. The results showed that the concentration Industry specialization on auditor has significant positive impact accounting conservatism. Also the results showed Industry Specialist on auditor and Accounting conservatism has a signify cant negative impact stock price crashes. Briefly the results showed Industry Specialist on auditor has significant positive impact the relationship between Accounting conservatism and stock price crashes.