فهرست مطالب غلامرضا نجفی تازه کند

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the deadliest disease globally, which in order to reduce this mortality rate statin has been used during last decades. In line, it has been revealed that statins negatively affect testicular tissue. Thus, in the current project, we aimed to investigate the vitamin D protective effects during simvastatin (SIM) administration.

In this project, 48 male mature Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 control and experimental groups. The experimental groups were subdivided into Low and High dose SIM-received and Vitamin D co-treated SIM-received groups. After 45 days, the body weight of the animal groups was measured and then they were euthanized and testicles were removed. The right testicular tissue was fixed in fixative solution, while the left testicular tissue was used for biochemical and molecular analysis. To evaluate the pathological changes, hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining were performed. The Malondialdehyde (MDA), Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT) and Ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) levels were examined in order to evaluate the Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant levels. Finally, Bax, Bcl-2, p53 and Caspase-3 mRNA levels were analyzed using real- time PCR.

Our observations revealed that the MDA, Bax, p53 and caspase-3 level enhanced in the sole-SIM-received groups compared to control group, while level of TAC, catalase and Bcl-2 diminished in SIM-received groups versus control group. In contrast, Vitamin D-co-treated animals showed a significant enhancement in level of TAC, catalase and Bcl-2 compared to sole-SIM-received animals (p≤0.05).

The vitamin D-co-administration can positively protect testicular tissue against SIM-induced oxidative stress condition by enhancing enzymatic activity of antioxidant defense and anti-apoptotic genes activation.

Cyclophosphamide is an extensively used chemotherapeutic agent against wide varieties of neoplastic ailments, which has been known to cause ovarian damages and infertility in mammals. The purpose of this study is to investigate the protective effects of Spirulina platensis on in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo development in adult mice exposed to Cyclophosphamide.
Material & 40 adult female mice were divided into 8 groups each comprised 5 animals. The first group was considered as control. The groups 2, 3 and 4 were exposed to Spirulina at rates of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg respectively through oral route, daily for 28 days. The 5th group receive cyclophosphamide (150 mg/kg, ip) in a single-dose. Groups 6, 7 and 8 received cyclophosphamide and Spirulina together with aforementioned doses. In vitro fertilization and embryo development were assessed in all groups at the end of experiment.
The groups which received Spirulina at rates of 200, 400 mg/kg beside cyclophosphamide in comparison to group which received merely cyclophosphamide, the number of oocytes, percentages of fertilization, two-cell embryos, blastocysts and hatched embryos were reduced significantly (p According to the results of this study, spirulina encourages protective effects on cyclophosphamide induced reprotoxicity on In Vitro Fertilization approach.

Achillea millefolium Inflorescences (AMI) is one of the oldest and most well-known medicinal plants with potential antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of three different doses of hydroalcoholic extract of AMI on in vitro fertilization and embryonic development process in mice.
Twenty-four male white laboratory NMRI mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: Group 1 received normal saline (0.1 ml/kg); group 2, 3, and 4 received hydroalcoholic extract of AMI at doses of 75, 150, and 300mg/kg, respectively. Treatment were continued for 35 days. At the end, the mice were euthanized by cervical dislocation, Cauda Epididymis were used to collect sperms, and rate of in vitro fertilization and embryonic development were examined in all groups. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests.
In the groups receiving low and medium doses of AMI extract, fertilization rate and the number of blastocysts increased and the number of arrested embryos was reduced, which was not significant compared to the control group. But in the group receiving high dose of the extract, fertilization rate and the number of blastocysts decreased (p According to the results of this study, hydroalcoholic extract of AMI has a dose-dependent manner, so that at low and medium doses had no significant effect, but at high dose reduced in vitro fertilization and embryos development.

Background and Cyclophosphamide (CP) is a chemotherapy drug extensively used as an antineoplastic agent in treatment of various cancers. However, it is known to cause several adverse effects including reproductive toxicity. Achillea millefolium (AM) is a medicinal plant with potential antioxidant properties. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of different doses of AM extract on body weight, sperm parameters, and apoptotic changes in CP treated mice.
Sixty four male NMRI mice were arranged into 8 groups. Group1 received normal saline, and groups 2, 3 and 4 received AM extract in low, medium and high doses, respectively. Group 5 received CP and groups 6, 7 and 8 had low, medium and high doses of Achillea millefolium extract, respectively plus CP. Treatments were continued for 35 days. Afterwards, the animals’ weight, sperm quality and apoptosis rate were evaluated.
CP decreased body weight and testicular weight, imposed negative effects on sperm parameters and increased sperm apoptosis compared to the control group. The high-dose of AM produced deleterious effects. Medium doses of the extract did not show any significant effect, but low dose of the extract was able to compensate the toxic effects of CP.
In this study, AM had dose-dependent manner. In other words, at low dose it prevented CP toxicity, in medium dose it had no effect, but in high dose it improved CP toxicity.

Background and Chronic stress is known as a state that disrupts the body homeostasis that could cause significant behavioral and hormonal changes. In this study the changes in estrogen، progesterone، cortisol، and testosterone hormonal level and histological changes in uterus tissue induced by immobilization stress were studied. Also، the protective effect of royal jelly was investigated. In this study، 40 female mice were divided into 5 groups of 8 including: 1- control، 2- mice subjected to 63 days of 2 hour immobilization stress daily، Groups 3، 4، and 5 that were subjected to immobilization stress and received royal jelly orally at the dose of 50، 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight، respectively. At the end of treatment، the mice were sacrificed، serum was separated and the level of serum cortisol، estrogen، progesterone and testosterone was measured using ELISA method. The uterine horn was also removed and after preparing tissue sections and performing H&E staining they were studied by light microscopy. The levels of serum estrogen، cortisol and testosterone hormones of stressed group increased compared to those of the control group، while the amount of progesterone decreased. In royal jelly- treated groups، the levels of estrogen، testosterone and cortisol reduced but the level of progesterone increased. Also، the study of uterine horn tissue indicated histological changes in stressed group compared to those of the controls. In groups treated with royal jelly، these changes were lower and the uterine tissue was similar to that of the control group. Royal Jelly improved the hormonal and histological changes due to immobilization stress.