فاطمه خادمی

Some strains of Bacillus coagulans have shown probiotic characteristics and variety of technological features that make it useful across multiple industries. This study focused on investigating specific traits of B. coagulans strains IBRC10807 (T strain) and GBI-30,6086 (SH strain), such as surface hydrophobicity, tolerance to salt, acid, pepsin, trypsin, bile salt, and heat resistance. The study also examined their performance using different carbon sources (industrial glucose, date juice, grape juice, corn syrup, and sugar beet molasses) and nitrogen sources (sesame meal, soybean meal, and corn gluten), along with comparing the intensity of proteolysis of nitrogen sources. The results indicated that both strains were capable of proteolysis, with the SH strain demonstrating higher efficiency than the T strain when using corn syrup as the carbon source and soybean meal as the nitrogen source. Optimal conditions for fermentation were determined in this study, resulting in a total desirability of 95%, with the optimal amounts of soybean meal at 2.46%, corn syrup at 10.65%, and a fermentation time of 32.35 h. These findings suggest that B. coagulans strains have both probiotic and technological properties and can effectively ferment inexpensive carbon and nitrogen substrates to produce valuable materials.

Rheumatoid Arthritis patients are evaluated during treatment for various inflammatory factors such as C-reactive protein, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, and Disease Activity Score, and other immune system-related factors. In the follow-up of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, hematologic factors associated with the immune system especially Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio and Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio are important. In this study, platelet to lymphocyte ratio and Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were compared in two groups of patients with and without ocular complications.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 246 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were referred to the rheumatology clinic of Kermanshah from December 2018 to May 2019. This study was carried out in accordance with the approval of the ethics committee (IR.KUMS.REC1397.311) at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. Of these patients, 191 had no ocular complications and 55 patients had ocular complications and were matched for age and sex. The blood samples were taken from patients and blood cell count was measured by Sysmex KX-21 hematology analyzer. The Spearman correlation test was used to evaluate the relationship between platelet to lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in both groups of patients without ocular complications and with ocular complications. The Disease Activity Score was compared between the two groups using the Mann-Whitney test.

The results of this study showed no significant difference between NLR and PLR levels in both groups of patients without ocular complications and with ocular complications. But the results showed that DAS-28 was significantly lower in the group with ocular complications (P<0.0001).

In general, the results of the present study showed that the evaluation of inflammatory factors such as platelet to lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil to lymphocyte alone could not be judged in predicting the presence or possibility of ocular involvement, and the level of these factors in patients with ocular complications was affected. Other factors, such as the number of blood cells and the condition of each patient, are included.

With the increasing demand for study in higher education and the limited capacity of student admission in universities and popular fields, student assessment and admission has become one of the important goals of the educational system. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of pathology of the current status of the student assessment and admission model and to provide solutions to improve the current student assessment and admission model in the country. The present study in terms of purpose is an applied research and in terms of methodology is qualitative. The participants of the research were scientific and executive experts in the field of entrance exams who were selected by purposive sampling method with snowball approach. The results of the present study indicate the inefficiency of the current model of student assessment and admission. According to experts, the most important disadvantages of the current model of student assessment and admission are: disadvantages caused by the atmosphere of the educational system in the pre-entrance period, challenges caused by the atmosphere of the national exam and the conditions of the supervisor on the entrance exam of the candidates, and the disadvantages related to the period after the national exam. Also, admission by the university, optimization of admission based on Educational background, solutions related to improving the performance and efficiency of the educational system and academic guidance were among the complementary and alternative solutions that were identified in the present study. From the expertschr('39') point of view, the proposed model has advantages despite the problems and challenges, and its successful implementation requires in-depth study, feasibility study, careful and meticulous evaluation in various educational and non-educational dimensions. Therefore, according to the results of the present study, the following solutions are suggested. reducing the emphasis on memorization and paying more attention to other skills needed in todaychr('39')s society, talents, interests and abilities of students, intelligent and process-oriented academic guidance and choosing a field that suits studentschr('39') talents, interests, and abilities, change from the normative approach to the criterion method and gradual elimination of the entrance exam.

The purpose of this study was to identify the solutions presented in previous studies and finally provide comprehensive strategies for reducing vulnerability and improving the living conditions of female headed households. In this regard, using a meta-analysis method, 92 research papers on the topic of female headed households have been investigated. Based on the findings, there are some cases such as the lack of aesthetics of the increasing and growing growth of female headed households, the quantitative view, and the lack of willingness to use the qualitative method and identifying problems based on the life experience of subjects, not considering all types of female headed households The samples were referring to sponsoring organizations for the selection of samples and ignoring women without support or without knowledge of these organizations, lack of attention to women's agency and power, lack of attention to need and level Requirements in research, not specifying the dimensions of problems and the neglect of a group of women headed by households due to inability to The spouse's authority to manage life is the responsibility of family affairs, one of the most important barriers to providing appropriate solutions to the shortcomings of previous research. At the end of the research, attempts have been made to address the shortcomings of the proposed strategies, comprehensive strategies in the 9 axes of economic, occupational, physical, psychological, cultural, social, legal, children and organizational development with the aim of reducing the damage and improving the lives of female supervisors. The household is suggested

Empowerment is the most important challenges of managers in this era, because organizations are exposed to the rapid and unpredictable changes. Since human resources are the most important factor in organizations, so, equipping and prepararing organizational resources to deal with the changes, is particulary important. The aim of the study in terms of objective is applicational and in terms of nature and method is descriptive. This research is to investigate the effect of empowerment on staff’s performance in enghelab eslami court organozation. Staff empowerment using six independant factors contain training, individual factors, competency, management, culture and environment as well as seven dependant criteria include validity, ability, feedback, environment, support, motivation and role clarity were evaluated. In order to investigate the effect of empowerment on performance, a questionnaire with six criteria and 39 questions was designed. The reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha coefficients calculated as .79 and 196 quesionnaires were distributed between Statistic population of the research. The simple and multiple Regression tests were used to assess the correlation between the criteria. The final results of the study show that there is a significant relationship between empowerment and performance and competency as an independent variable ranked first as the greatest impact on performance, individual factors and management in terms of effect on performance ranked second and third repectively. The results associated with the criteria are as follows: personal factors with highly desirable status in stood at the first place, then the second place is on education criterian with a good level, management is in the third place with an desire level, the competency is in fourth place with a good level, culture is in the fifth place with a good level and finally environmental factor is the the last position and it is undesirable.

This article has analyzed the Strategies of Imam Reza (AS) on Proximity religions for identifying and introducing this strategy for the unity of the Islamic religions in the modern world. With a vision inspired by the Quran and prophetic tradition, Imam Reza (AS) like the other Imams (AS) always emphasized on the approximation of religions in the expression, opinion and action. In the Razavi style, the divine religions with different effects, have a single nature, making their co-existence possible. This study was descriptive - analytic and necessary data has been collected by using documentary technique and studying books and articles. The results showed that the attitude of Imam Reza (AS) towards divine religions, has been to reveal approximation and convergence of them. In this respect, Imam’ strategies has been dialogue with other religions emphasizing on the religious awareness and common ideas of religions, commitment to ethics in human relations with the followers of other religions, and the principle of unity and representation of the Islamic faith principles in the context of divine religions.

Wastewaters resulting from seasonal processing such as pistachio processing industry are one of the most important factors of environmental pollution. High concentration of pollutants are the qualitative characteristics of wastewaters that due high consumption of water and energy resources as well as high levels production of waste have a good potential to realization of projects to reduce the environmental impacts and optimizing the consumption of energy resources.The aim of this study was to determine the wastewater̛ s quality and quantity of pistachio processing terminals.
this study is cross-sectional study that has been implemented from mid –September until late October (pistachio harvest season) in each of the years 2012-2013-2014 in Kerman.Firstely according to field study, the characteristics and location of 20 pistachio processing terminals were determined by a GPS device. Then 8 pistachio processing terminals were selected in around of wastewater collection system. Composite sampling method with total of 72 samples was done in each year during pistachio operation. Samples were conducted from pistachio processing wastewater screen filter outlet. In each of samples BOD5, COD, TSS, pH and Total phenolic were determined. Sampling and tests were done according to water and wastewater standard methods book (20th edition). Concentration of Phenolic compounds was measured by folin ciocaltive method. The Data was analyzed by SPSS software.
the average of total produced wastewater in pistachio processing terminals in this study was 85.9m3/d. The average BOD5, COD, TSS, Total phenolic and PH were 6106, 21570, 682, 4154 (mg/L) and 5.5 respectively.
The obtained results from raw wastewater of pistachio processing terminals showed they have high BOD and COD. This is caused by presentation of priority pollutants (phenolic compounds) which have high potential in pollution and toxicity for discharging any receiving resources.

Development of the information and communication technology has caused different organizations to consider teleworking as a part of a new working world. Teleworking is an appropriate method for increasing productivity, decreasing costs, reducing pollution, coordinating between working and living hours, and enjoying benefits of balance between work and family life of employed women. The main aim of this research is to identify the effects of teleworking on balance of labor and family life of the employed married women.
In this research qualitative method is used in two systematic methodology styles. Deep semi structured interviews were used to collect data. 20 married employed women who had experienced teleworking were interviews. For data analysis, qualitative content analysis technique was used.
Findings: Findings show that Tele-working improves the balance between job and family affairs among working women. Research results indicate that women have tendency to participate in the Tele-working program, but managers do not support such idea. Interviewees believe that Tele-working has a positive effect on their family affairs and their role as a mother or wife. In their view, appropriate flexibility in the working hours, improves productivity and stability of the organizations

The Urmia Lake is one of the old and very important water bodies in Iran. Nowadays, for various reasons, this lake has become an environmental crisis. What is happening today to this lake happened to the Aral Sea not long ago and converts it to a salt marsh with huge damaging environmental effects. Drying of the Urmia Lake has many environmental consequences such as degradation and salination of soils. In this study, using Landsat satellite images, Remote sensing (RS) techniques and GIS software, salt marsh around the lake was studied. First, saline areas were detected in satellite data and then the desired color combinations defined in the ENVI software. At last, after extracting the maps from images, area changes were studied and environmental impacts that will occur due to increased saline lands were studied. In a 13-year study period of Landsat satellite images, the trend shows a very rapid increasing of saline lands. In 1998, an area of salt marsh 28.516 km2 has increased to 744.411 km2in 2011.This amount is nearly 26 times since 1998. Increasing of the saline lands, lead to the degradation and loss of soil fertility, and if this trend continues itcan lead to areas of fertile land out of agricultural production.

In this study، plant morphology and palynology of 40 populations belonging to 17 species from 3 sections of the genus Onobrychis، namely Afghanichae، Heliobrychis and Lophobrychis، were investigated. In morphological study، 59 quantitative and qualitative characters comprising vegetative and reproductive structures were investigated and 3 groups were distinguished. In spite of the comparatively homogenous morphological features including، 3-colpate and reticulate ornamentation، a considerable variation was observed in the quantitative morphological characters of the pollen grains. However، among the studied pollen morphological characters، equatorial and polar diameters were more significant than others and based on these data، the members of the studied sections could be divided into 3 groups. This confirmed the results obtained from morphological survey.

In this study، a manganite sample with a nominal formula of La0. 9Sr0. 1MnO3 was prepared by the microwave assisted sol-gel method and annealing at various temperatures. The structural and magnetic properties of the samples were investigated by XRD، FESEM and AC susceptometer، respectively. XRD analysis showed that the samples are a nearly single phase. FESEM micrographs showed that by increasing the annealing temperature from 600 to 1200 oC the size of particles increased from about 50 nm to micrometer. It was also found that the width of paramagnetic-ferromagnetic transition temperature and the magnitude of the susceptibility of samples decrease and increase by increasing annealing temperature، respectively. Also، in the resistivity curves of the micrometer particle sized samples، intergarnular and intragranular phase transition peaks were observed، while the intragranular peak was not seen in the nanometer particle sized sample. These behaviors are related to the surface effects.

The genus Onobrychis Mill. with about 130 species in 9 sections is one of the most valued legumes distributed mainly in temperate regions of north hemisphere. However, its main centers of diversity are eastern Mediterranean and southwestern Asia. O. sect. Heliobrychis is the largest section of the genus and has nearly 21 species in Iran. In this investigation, the chromosome number and meiotic behavior were studied in 6 populations of O. melanotricha. All taxa were diploid and had the basic chromosome number of 2n=2x=16. Although the taxa represented regular meiosis, some abnormalities such as laggard and fragmented chromosomes in anaphase/telophase I, II and diakinesis/methaphase I, cytomixis in anaphase/telophase I, II, micronucleus in telophase II, multipolar cells in telophase II, bridges in anaphase I and asynchronous nuclei in metaphase II and telophase I and II were observed.

To determine the rate of Pediculosis Capitis among Iranian students participating in bonyad-e-mostazafan summer camps. This is a cross-sectional study of Perdiculosis Capitis rate among 13206 students from different provinces of Iran in 1384 (2005).The students were examined immediately after arrival the camps. Examination was then carried out by general practitionnaires through direct observation of the hair. The hair and scalp were examined for Pediculosis Capitis by hand separation of the hair every 1-2 cm. the presence of either live or head eggs, or nits, was considered infestation with Pediculosis Capitis. The data analysis was done by SPSS soft ware and chi square. The total number of children from 21 provinces of Iran was 13, 206. Of all these subjects, 758(5.7%) were infested by Pediculosis Capitis. 3 (0.1%) of the infested cases were boys and 755 (9.9%) were girls. The results showed a significant sex difference in infested cases (P=0/000). The most prevalence was seen in Sistan & Baluchestan (11.1%). Hormozgan (10.6%). and Ardebil (7.1%). Also according the results, the education level of the mother, was found to be associated with the rate of infestation (P=0.039). Father education level had no meaningful association. Pediculosis Capitis infestation is a disease of adolescence with a higher prevalence in girls. This skin parasite has a wide distribution all over the country and a significant association with sex and maternal education.