فهرست مطالب فرهاد پاشازاده

Having a proper diet is very important. Many risk factors are involved in the development of cardiovascular disease that by changing them, the incidence of this disease can be reduced. This study was performed to determine the relationship between nutritional knowledge and level of physical activity with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and some cardiovascular risk factors in militaries men.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 97 athletes and non-athletes militaries men. The standard Parmenter and Wardle Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire of 1999 and Baecke Physical Activity Questionnaire were completed. Subjects' fitness scores and physical indicators were measured. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome, based on revised ATP ш and IDF was calculated.

The mean nutritional knowledge of the subjects was moderate to low. There was a significant correlation between the nutritional knowledge, level of physical activity and fitness score and cardiovascular risk factors (P<0.05). Also there was a significant correlation between the nutritional knowledge, level of physical activity and fitness score with preventing metabolic syndrome (P<0.05).

With increasing nutritional knowledge, physical activity and fitness scores the risk of cardiovascular factors reduces and the possibility of metabolic syndrome prevention increase.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is the monometer of epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. This study was done to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercises on oxidative stress indices in heart tissue of male Wistar rats after poisoning with Bisphenol A.

In this experimental study, 20 adult male Wistar rats were allocated into four groups including control, aerobic exercise, BPA and BPA + aerobic exercise. Animals in control and aerobic exercise groups were receieved olive oil and the BPA (100 μg/kg) intraperitoneally, respectively. Animals in BPA + aerobic training group were treated with BPA (100 μg/kg) intraperitoneally for 30 days. Exercise program consisted of 25-64 minutes of running with 57-75% oxygen consumption, 5 sessions per week for two months. Indicators of oxidative stress in heart tissue including Gpx, SOD, TAC, MDA, CAT and AOPP were evaluated.

BPA intoxication induced a significant increase in the activity of SOD , GPX enzymes, AOPP and MDA levels and  reduction  in CAT enzyme activity and TAC level in compared to control group (P<0.05). While aerobic exercise could diminish the oxidative stress due to BPA intoxication. Aerobic exercise reduced the activity of the GPX, SOD and increased catalase activity in rats with BPA intoxication (P<0.05). Also, level of MDA and AOPP significantly reduced in in aerobic exercise group in comparison with with BPA intoxication (P<0.05).

Aerobic exercise activity has moderating effects on BPA intoxication in cardiac oxidative stress. Aerobic exercise can increase the amount of antioxidant enzymes that play an important role in modulating oxidative stress induced by BPA.

The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between characteristics of anthropometry, body fat percentage and amount of Sargent jump with swim time (100 m freestyle) in adolescent elite swimmers. This study was a descriptive therefore, 21 male swimmers aging 10-15 years old were evaluated in: height, weight, 8 length body, 5 width body, 7 circumference body, 2 skinfold, hand grip strength and also Sargent jump with using the scales, tape meter, caliper and hand grip device and recorded the resulting data analyzed by partial and Pearson correlation tests.•The results of this study showed that there is a negative significant correlation between swimmers record (73.50 ± 10.69 seconds) with arm length (32.72 ± 3.89 cm), forearm length (25.10 ± 2.87 cm), hand length, arm span length, foot length, the width of the palm, forearm circumference, hand grip strength, body fat percentage and the history of swimming (p&le0.05). In addition, there is a direct correlation between Sargent jump records and sitting height, LBM and fat calf (p&le0.01). Pearson correlation test which was also used to analyze the ratio of limb length to height, showed that there are significant negative relationships between the ratio of forearm length to height and the LBM to height (p&le0.01).•Talent of adolescents with anthropometric methods is accurate and some of anthropometric factors, have more relationship with the performance in swimming.

Finding an effective way to improve body composition and muscular strength with resistance training، has engaged researchers. Previous studies have shown that proper nutrition is one of these ways. The purpose of this study is to review the effect of resistance training accompanied by nutritional education on the body composition and muscular strength in non-athlete male students. This study was a clinical trial، which was done on a population of 32 non-athletes college students which randomly divided into four groups، Education - Resistance training (RT)، Resistance training، Education and control. The instruments for data collection were a nutritional questionnaire، record of all the foods for three days and measurement of some of the anthropometric indices. This study lasted for 6- weeks with educational intervention and the resulting data analyzed by paired t-test، one-way analysis of variance and TUKEY multiple comparisons test. The results showed that subjects'' weight in Education- RT and resistance training groups has significant increase. Fat changes in three groups of Education- RT، Resistance training and Education showed a important decrease and BMI، maximum muscular strength and muscular hypertrophy in Education- RT and Resistance training groups showed a consequential increase (p<0. 05). This study showed that doing resistance training along with nutritional education brings about greater improvement in body composition and muscular strength.