قربانعلی اسماعیلی

Bakhtiari territories expanded at the time of Qajar,, az mohammad taqikhan chharlang from the tribe "knvrsy" and one if the enemy of alimerdan khan bakhtiari purched many rural areas in fereidan and Brbrvd. And areas such az romhormoz and shushtar bring them capture nad thus the Romhormoz and shushtar biring them capture and thus the range of north and south bakhtiari spread. Mohammad taqi khan in the year 1249 AH didn,t obey fatali shah,s order but at the time of mohammad shah,s reign, shoh Qajar managed to creat discord between the bakhtiaris, rival and was able to a bolish the important rival of Qajar. The overthrew of mohammad taqi khan. leeds to transfer power from chharlong to Haftlang. at the time was able to ruled by nasserdin shah, one of dvrky leaders (haftlang) named hessein Quli khan was able to surpress rivalse and with the govermentar support, his influence across bakhtiari extendad and nicknamed was patriarch. He, as the leader of bakhtiari,s tribe and as the official representative of government, ruled across the bakhtiari,s region and with strong financial and military force arase. From the powerful bakhtiari,s trib, as a powerful military (sardar) came into policy field, but soon the influence and power of this sardar bakhtiaricaused malice and cynical attitude of Qajar,s leaders who themselves deserved to have throne, espically in compared to the old enemy had been "lurs". the malice and intrigue eventully lead to murder hessein Quli khan by nasserdin shah that this had been occurred in the month of rajab 1299 AH. Khvangan bakhtiari during the Qajar,s region had freedom in diversity and the amount of taxes and their economy og region was based on these taxes and road of "lynch

Learning of Islam for Iranian proselite Muslims necessitated the genesis of some institution such as: mosque, scribe and religious school. The primary well-known schools which had cultural continuity over 4-6 Hidjri century, come to existence in this cities of Khurasan and Mawara' al-Nahr.considering the significance of school as a higher-education center, many inquiries have been done on [and about] it. Although many schools of Khurasan are presented in such inquiries, but a few of them are neglected. In this paper, afterwards, a survey review, based upon some resources, has been done over the name of the well-known schools in cities of Khurasan and Mawara' al-Nahr, then 15 other schools are presented; moreover the number of schools of Khurasan and Mawara' al-Nahr cities is compared by means of the tables and graphs.

One of the issues in education is the starting point of first schools in Islamic world. Besides their function as a place for praying, mosques also were considered the most important educational centers till the early fourth century(AH). Various kinds of educational centers in the Islamic world and religious and ethnic bias have led to different theories on the origin of first Islamic schools. Based on available evidence Khorasan has been the origin of first Islamic schools, as Neishabor School, which turned to be an example to be copied by others, was established before the establishment of Baghdad School. This was the result of favorite scientific, social and political milieu in Khorasan and especially in Neishabor. The role of original Iranian families and Khorasan scientists cannot be denied.