لادن زرشناس

Impulsivity means acting with the least thought towards future behaviors or acting based on thoughts that are not the best option for a person or others. This study was conducted to investigate psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Impulsive Behavior Scale (IBS) of Barratt on pre-hospital personnel of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2023.

This methodological study was conducted 18 pre-hospital emergency centers of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences during 2022-2023. In this study, the Persian version of the IBS has been used. Face and content validity of the scale in this study was confirmed using qualitative and quantitative methods, and construct validity was confirmed by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated by Cronbach's alpha and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) for each field and the scale.

The IBS had three unplanned, motor and attentional subscales with 23 items and the varimax rotation showed variance of 52.06%. In CFA, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was equal to 0.093 and normalized fit index (NFI), comparative fit index (CFI), goodness of fit (GFI) and incremental fit index (IFI) were higher than 0.9. Cronbach's alpha coefficient in the scale was 0.85%, and the intra-subject correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.84%.

The study results showed that the scale for pre-hospital personnel had the required validity and reliability, and it can be used for the impulsive behavior in pre-hospital personnel.

Oral and dental health is one of the components of public health, and improving oral and dental health is one of the most important goals of disease prevention. The integration of oral health in public health care is strongly recommended by the World Health Organization. Nurses can actively participate in the promotion of oral health care. The aim of the research was to assess the need for oral and dental health indicators in the curriculum of nursing students.

In this cross-sectional study, 119 third- and fourth-year nursing students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were included in the study. Checklist was used as a tool to evaluate students' level of knowledge about oral and dental health, and Chi-square test was used by spss software to analyze the data.

There was no significant relationship between the level of knowledge and ability of students about oral and dental hygiene with the duration of studying at the university, gender, marital status and grade point average (p>0.05), while there was no significant relationship between the level of knowledge of nursing students in the field of health indicators. There is a significant relationship between mouth and teeth and the need to teach these topics in nursing (p<0.05).

This study shows the weak knowledge and ability of nursing students in the field of oral and dental indicators and the important role of the nurse in the health team, and as a result, the need to include this topic in the curriculum of nursing students and present this topic as part of the internship.

Centers of excellence are organizations with prominent activities in a specific field and are capable of delivering quality services using specialized equipment, innovative techniques, and modern technologies. They can also bring financial benefits and cost recovery to their organizations. So, promoting the independence of these organizations plays a critical role in maintaining sustainable competition in their future efforts. The purpose of this study was to develop goals and challenges of independence for centers of excellence.

This was a qualitative content analysis study including semi-structured interviews with 7 individuals from centers of excellence affiliated to medical sciences. Purposive sampling method was conducted and continued until data saturation was met. Interview transcripts were analyzed by coding and classifying the concepts into categories and subcategories. Later, the MaxQDA 10 software was used for further analysis.

According to the participants, a number of prerequisites (such as goals and strategies) are required to secure independence and authority of Iranian centers of excellence. Such independence has some distinct dimensions such as financial and human resources. Furthermore, participants identified the possible obstacles and challenges (such as: bureaucratic processes and failure to delegate authority) with regard to the independence of these centers and proposed solutions to tackle them (such as internal and external evaluations and accreditation).

Based on the interviews and analyses, before granting independence to the scientific poles of the country, it is necessary to consider such as prerequisites, determining the desired dimensions in the independence of the poles, solving the challenges ahead and providing solutions. Also, the results can be used to set up independence regulations for policy makers to support them during the process of the independence of the poles.

Aging is accompanied by a reduction in physical and psychological health, disability, and social isolation, which causes hopelessness in the elderly. Life expectancy can strengthen the motivation for moving towards desirable goals. Religious coping, by adopting cognitive and behavioral strategies, helps individuals to manage emotional tension and physical discomfort. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between negative and positive religious coping and level of hope among the elderly referring to the elderly day centers in Shiraz.
This cross-sectional correlation study was performed on 200 elderly people who had been referred to the elderly day centers in Shiraz-Iran. The participants were selected through convenience sampling method. The data collection tool included demographic data questionnaire, Hope questionnaire, and a short questionnaire for religious coping. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 19 using descriptive and analytic statistics including independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and linear regression test.
The mean score of hope was 48.7 with a standard deviation of 8.23 which indicated moderate level of hope in the studied subjects. Results also showed a significant correlation between positive religious coping (r = 0.403, p Considering the role of positive religious coping strategies in promoting hope, it is better to pay more attention to this subject in future planning.

Considering the importance of sense of belonging in the formation of professional identity and clinical experiences of nursing students, in this study, the factors involved in the sense of belonging from nursing students’ perspective were studied to promote and form this phenomenon in nursing students explaining the factors involved.
A Qualitative research design was adopted and data were collected through 15 semistructured interviews with nursing students. The recorded interviews were analyzed using content analysis. The validity of the data was evaluated using the criteria of credibility, dependability, and conformability.
The data were extracted in 2 main categories: 1- Perceived consequences which included a subset of the community acceptance, internal perspective, feedback from the instructors, viewing the results, interaction with peers, family acceptance, and learning experiences, 2- Professional relationships which included a subset of health communications, staff interpersonal communication, interpersonal communication of the students with their instructors, and student acceptance in the ward.
Considering the importance of perceived consequences and professional communications, creating a situation in which students feel they are part of the care team is of high importance. To this end, preparation and training of personnel to accept students as their future colleagues should be considered by education planners. The introduction of professional nursing in the community can play a supporting role in providing a sense of belonging in nursing students.

This study aimed at determining the prevalence and related factors of depression among the students of the School of Nursing and Midwifery، Shiraz University of Medical Sciences، Shiraz، Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 280 students of Nursing and Midwifery، in 2012. The study data were collected through a two-part questionnaire، including the demographic information and Standard Beck Depression questionnaire. To analyze the data SPSS statistical software. A significant relationship was observed between economic status، family history of depression، satisfaction of the field of study، and depression level (P<0. 001). In addition، a significant relationship was found between depression level and the history of mental illness. However، no significant difference was observed between age، gender، marital status، major of study and depression. The results of the study indicated a high frequency of depression among the college students compared to the general population. Therefore، depression as a major health problem requires detailed investigation to identify its risk factors and، subsequently، reducing them.

Considering the impact of dissertations on students’ improvement in scientific knowledge and regarding the fact that methodology is the cornerstone of every research endeavor; the present study aimed to investigate the research methodology applied in dissertations of general dentistry students in School of Dentistry at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences which were accomplished throughout 2006 to 2008. Using census sampling, this cross-sectional study was conducted on 124 theses of general dentistry at Dentistry School of SUMS presented throughout 2006 to 2008. A researcher-made questionnaire was the data collection tool and the data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANNOVA, two-way ANNOVA, and Tukey test Findings showed two-thirds of the dissertations were cross-sectional studies, and analytical and intervention research studies accounted for a small proportion of the samples. Also, in none of the studies, the methodology had been thoroughly and properly explained. Given the results, more closely-monitored supervision is felt necessary. Workshops and pamphlets on scientific writing and research might also help raise students’ awareness on research writing patterns and procedures. Improving the quality of services provided by research counseling could be of further help in this regard.

Most of the knowledge acquired through lecturing is forgotten rapidly. As dentistry is becoming a more complicated field of study and as new techniques are introduced, the use of modern educational approaches to promote lifelong learning becomes necessary. This study is to compare cooperative teaching method and lecture method in terms of their impact on student's learning and their satisfaction in school of dentistry in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. In this quasi experimental study sampling was census and all 9th semester students (60 students) taking theoretical orthodontics(I) were included. One topic, etiology of mandibular abnormalities, was taught to both randomly selected experiment & control groups. First, to assess knowledge & satisfaction of the students with lecture methods for etiology, a pre-test was applied. Then both groups were taught; the control group received instruction through lecture method and the experiment group formed 5-member subgroups and received instruction through cooperation. Then, both groups took a post-test. Data were analyzed through Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney U using SPSS 12. A significant difference was found between the mean scores of the student's satisfaction before and after applying the cooperative method. Also, there was a significant difference between the pre–test scores in the lecture group and the cooperative group (p<0.001), but no significant difference was observed between post-test scores of the two groups (P=0.1). The study showed that cooperative teaching method could be useful in teaching dentistry students and could enhance their intrinsic motivation, which in turn could improve learning quality.

Considering the necessity of dentistry student's involvement in learning treatment topics and, in order to achieve deeper learning, this study was performed to evaluate problem based learning method and compare it to traditional method of teaching orthodontics to dentistry students. This interventional study was performed on 64, fifth year dentistry students in 2007-2008 academic years. After selection and orientation of tutors, a trainer helped them to adjust to the new method. After orientation of students about PBL method, the groups were identified and the PBL method was performed in four steps. A pretest was taken from students to assess their attitude and satisfaction about traditional method of lecture. Then, A post-test evaluated their attitude toward and satisfaction with the new method. The domains of this method were assessed by 5 point Likert scale. Results were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive and inferential statistics. The average of achieved scores out of the total score of five was as so in areas of material organization (main subjects) (3.41±0.75), internal motivation (3.41±0.7), assignments appropriateness (3.38±0.53), and suitability of evaluation method (3.67±1.17). The mean of satisfaction score was 14 out of the total score of 20 which demonstrates agreement higher than average. By promoting learner's internal motivation, enhancing the quality of education, and, increasing continuous learning, PBL method could prove useful in teaching dentistry students.

Perhaps it could be claimed that performing task in organization would not be successful, unless the necessary controls have been provided. Management system needs control to be informed about the methods of goal achievement and performing operations, thereby, gaining the ability for tracking, testing and reforming methods. In any specialty, in order to consider these activities equally and scientifically, the responsible establish professional standards in the form of direction and framework and declare them to enforcers. With due attention to the importance of control, especially in health systems management and with view to the fact that there is no standard in this field, the current study was designed with the aim of compiling standards for control accreditation in nursing management in Iran. This is a triangulation research conducted from 2004 to 2006. The sample size was 15 in Delphi stage and total of 50 nursing management experts (from Iranian medical sciences universities) in stage of survey. The sampling was target based. At first, a pilot study was conducted in Isfahan and Shiraz by an open questionnaire, and then the main research was conducted in three phases. In the first stage, international standards of control for nursing services management were collected. In the second stage, a semi-structured questionnaire was developed from perspectives of 15 professional nurse managers. The suggestions were collected and the researchers reached a consensus of 70% in the third stage. Then, the researchers held a national survey among 50 nursing management experts in Iran. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and distribution frequency and eventually control of nursing services management standards in Iran were extracted. Thirty five standards in area of control was established. The results show that these standards had more than 90 percent of acceptability. These standards together with the standard of nursing units can develop quality, so, it is suggested that these standards can be utilized by ministry of health and medical education to control credit rating of nursing units, in order to identify the lacks and shortages.