فهرست مطالب لیلا سلطانیان

This research was conducted to design a human resource management model for the Iranian Bodybuilding and Fitness Federation in the digital age.

The methodology employed was qualitative with a thematic analysis approach. Participants included experienced sports management professors with relevant educational and research backgrounds and experienced managers and experts from the Bodybuilding and Fitness Federation. Based on theoretical saturation criteria and using purposeful sampling, 14 interviews were conducted. The main research tool was semi-structured exploratory interviews. Feedback was provided to participants, and non-influential narratives were sought to enhance internal validity. Additionally, intra-subject agreement was confirmed.

According to the findings, three prominent and influential indices of the human resource management of the Bodybuilding and Physical Fitness Federation in the digital age include digital culture, digital communications, and managerial processes. The findings indicate that digital culture encompasses technology acceptance, information protection, process advancement, promotion of participatory culture, work flexibility, data analysis capabilities enhancement, and training and awareness. The digital communications index includes components such as network structure, human resource management systems, quality of social media, video conferencing, and online training. Additionally, managerial processes include components such as evaluation systems, monitoring systems, reward and incentive systems, and recruitment and hiring systems.

Based on the findings, human resources personnel should be fully acquainted with digital indices in the modern era. Utilizing online training to enhance the skills of managerial staff and coaches of the Iranian Bodybuilding and Physical Fitness Federation and establishing an internal network for better communication and coordination among federation members can effectively improve human resource management and organizational performance.

The purpose of this study was to branding the Islamic Republic of Iran through the international success of elite athletes in Sporting Events that performed through qualitative approach and foundation data theory method (Strauss and Corbin, 1998). The statistical population of the study included scientific and executive experts (federations, managers, professors and sports experts) in the field of sports management and experienced professors attending international sporting events that 15 people were selected by theoretical sampling method and interviewed. The validity of the research tool (interview) was reviewed and confirmed by interviewees and expert professors and intra-subject agreement method (0.74) also used to assess reliability. In order to analyze the data, thematic analysis and data theory foundation were used, which were done in three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding and then qualitative model of research was designed. The findings of the present study showed that Factors affecting the branding of the country through the international success of elite athletes include 18 main categories, 41 concepts and 183 open code. Based on the results, it is suggested that the results of this research be used to branding the country through the success of elite athletes.

 The COVID-19 disease and related restrictive measures such as quarantine have affected many aspects in human life, including physical activity and mood. The present study aims to investigate physical activity and mental states of athletes in racket sports during general quarantine due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

 This is a descriptive correlational study. participants were 196 athletes in racket sports (123 males and 73 females). Their physical activity was measured by Cho’s 5-item physical activity questionnaire surveying the type, frequency and intensity of training (from low to very high) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. To evaluate their mood states, we used the short form of Brunel Mood Scale. Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze data in SPSS v. 22 software.

 The number of training sessions per week and the duration of training decreased during quarantine compared to pre-quarantine period in both male and female racket players (P<0.05). This reduction in duration and number of training sessions was negatively and significantly related to mood states (P= 0.001). 

 Training has a positive effect on the mood states of athletes in racket sports during the COVID-19 pandemic. The intensity of training can affect their mood more than the duration of training. with the increase of training intensity, their negative moods decrease

The Covid-19 virus pandemic and related government recommendations and restrictions have affected many aspects of human life, including exercise and mental well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the physical activity and mood of Iranian bodybuilding athletes.

In this applied research, 875 bodybuilders from different cities of Iran during a period of March to May 2020 were selected as the statistical samples and completed the self-rating online questionnaires covering sociodemographic information, former and current physical activity patterns, and current mood states. The standard comprehensive physical activity questionnaire was used to assess the level of physical activity and also the short form of mood assessment questionnaire was used to assess the mood of the participants. To evaluate the changes in physical activity and the effect of gender on it, the Wilcoxon test was used at a significance level of 0.95. Pearson test was also used to examine the relationship between mood variables and exercise. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.

The results showed that there is a significant decrease in the intensity and duration of weekly exercise during the lockdown period compared to the previous period (P-Value=0.001) and the mood was also significantly associated with exercise time (up to 10 minutes and more than 10 minutes) (P-Value<0.005) and the number of training sessions (P-Value<0.05).

Decreased exercise during the Covid 19 epidemic can have negative effects on athleteschr('39') moods. Therefore, appropriate planning should be considered to perform regular physical activity and exercise safely.

The purpose of this study was to qualitative study of the consequences of social entrepreneurship in sport.In this research, using a targeted sampling method, a total of 13 faculty members and experts in management of sport (7 people), faculty of economics (3 persons) and entrepreneurship management professors (3 people) were interviewed in total. The data collection method was a study of previous research and a deep and open interview. To assess validation, transferability and Verifiability, the research findings were presented to the participants, and the study's text was followed by their views. In order to measure the reliability of the data obtained from the interviews, the intra-subject agreement method was used. The average amount of agreement within the subject was 0.81.Based on the findings consequences of social entrepreneurship in sport, including the consequences of economic, social, cultural and technology.Therefore, it is recommended that, based on the implications of social entrepreneurship in sports, Country managers and officials focus their policies on developing social entrepreneurship.

The purpose of this study was to design the Model of the Development of Adventure Sports Tourism via Grounded Theory. This research conducted using qualitative method with semi-structured interviews with 16 people including professors and experts in sport management (6 people), experienced and elite sports and youth departments (5 people) and experts from the Department of Cultural Heritage and Tourism (3 people) ) And active people in adventure sports (2 people) who were selected using purposeful sampling. Data were collected by reviewing the previous researches and semi-structured interviews. For face and content validity, the findings of the research were presented to the participants and their points of view was applied to the theory. The method used to examine reliability was an intra-subject agreement method. The average agreement within the subject was 0.79. Based on the findings, the needs and challenges in this research include social and cultural, entrepreneurship-based employment, excitement management, communications management and infrastructure; barriers including administrative management, facilities, personal, financial and economic, security, infrastructure, information; The basics include rules and regulations, cultural and informational, academic and human resources specialists; solutions include safety management, education and culture, event management and quality management, and innovation, including economic, social and cultural impacts. Therefore, it is suggested that, in order to develop adventure sports tourism, based on the identified factors, management policies should be established to promote adventure sports tourism.

This research aimed at the obstacles and challenges students' sports marketing Department total physical Education Payam Noor University. This research was a descriptive and Analytic research. The statistical populations were general Directorate of Physical Education, Deputies, Physical Education faculty members active in the field of strategy and Heads of departments physical education Payam Noor were provinces, which total of 50 people. The data collected A researcher- made through the questionnaire included 55 questions the validity and reliability (91/.) Were distributed. The data were collected by SPSS software version 16 and for data analysis to rank the Friedman test at the significant level( ./.5) and the matrix of internal and external factors evaluation was used. Results showed that the physical education organization in the current situation of 10 strengths, 10 weaknesses, 10 opportunities and 10 threats is facing. forming a marketing department, Lack of knowledge among employees of the marketing planning process, Regarding the role sponsors in the planning of student sport and failure to allocate sufficient funds for the development of student sport's highest importance. The results showed that some of the obstacles and challenges such as, Shortage of sites and specialized publications, lack of media coverage, lack of marketing strategy, Weakness in attracting sponsors, lack of meetings with organizations active marketing of the most important challenges that must be considered by managers.