فهرست مطالب لیلا فتحی

The current research aimed to design a model for the educational needs of Iranian female heads of the family. This qualitative research had a phenomenological approach and was undertaken through carrying out semi-structured interviews. The statistical population of the study was comprised of all experts in the field of female heads of the family from the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation, the State Welfare Organization of Iran, and the Municipality of Tehran in 2021. For the purpose of sampling, 12 experts were chosen through purposive sampling and the interviews were undertaken until data saturation was achieved. The obtained data were content-analyzed and coded using open, axial, and selective coding. Finally, 5 main components were extracted: “knowledge of menopause”, “knowledge and skills of employment and self-sufficiency”, “development of individual abilities”, “and development of social skills”, and “knowledge and skills of raising children”. Based on the main goal of this research, 34 categories were obtained which were placed in 5 themes, and finally a model was designed for the education of women heads of the family. This model can be used by such organizations as the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation to design educational programs for women heads of the family.

The aim of this paper is to investigate relations between an isolated dimension of Big Five personality traits and job satisfaction and the mediating effects of procedural justice and job stress on this relationship .Data was gathered via a questionnaire in a correlational study of Big Five Inventory (21 items), Minnesota Job Satisfaction scale (19 items), Gray Taft-Anderson nursing stress scale (34 items) and Niehoff-Moorman organizational Justice (in the latter only the 6 items concerning procedural justice were used). data was analyzed by using SPSS v26 and PLS-SEM v3. It was found that across the traits, agreeableness and openness to experience had the strongest relationship with job satisfaction, while the others did not have any relationship with job satisfaction. Procedural justice completely mediated the association between agreeableness and job satisfaction, and it was true about job stress as the mediating between big 5 and job satisfaction. despite the supposed path for the relationship between big 5 personality traits and job satisfaction through simultaneous effect of the two mediating variables of perception of procedural justice and job stress on job satisfaction, the mentioned path was not realized and had no effect in the model. job stress had statistically significant effect on job satisfaction and the same was true between perception of procedural justice and job satisfaction.

The purpose of this study is to explain social health management strategies from the perspective of the elderly. Social health, along with physical and mental health, is one of the main pillars of the general health of society and family. Social health becomes dynamic when an elderly person communicates in the family and the society in which he lives in the form of social norms, and as a result, social health in the family has a significant impact on the health of the society, and the society moves towards vitality and dynamism. Gives. The current research was conducted using the phenomenological method and the Van Mannen technique. The participants in this research were 18 elderly people living in Tehran, who were selected in a purposeful way, and the data and lived experience of this group were collected using semi-structured interviews. The results of the analysis from the interviews are 12 sub-themes and 5 main themes; Appropriate free time was the basis for the social health of the elderly, economic constraints weakened the social health of the elderly, social support facilitated the social health of the elderly, social exclusion reduced the social health of the elderly, and quality of life strengthened the social health of the elderly.

The main goal of this research is to provide a structural model of the impact of social capital on university crisis management. The current research is part of applied research in terms of "type of target" and in terms of the method of this research, it is a descriptive-survey research. The statistical population of this research includes 13 thousand students studying in Payam Noor Karaj University, which according to Morgan's table number 374. The sample people are required, and the sample was selected randomly. The tools for collecting information in this research include two questionnaires, the standard social capital questionnaire by Nahapit Ghoshal (1998) and the researcher-made questionnaire related to university crisis management. The face validity of the research tools has been approved by 5 professors of Payam Noor Karaj University. The reliability of the research tool was calculated by distributing 30 questionnaires among the research sample and using Cronbach's alpha calculation, during which the reliability of the social capital questionnaire was 0.941 the crisis management questionnaire was calculated as 0.954. The results of the test of the structural model of the impact of social capital on crisis management in the university show that the model has a suitable fit based on the mentioned indicators. In addition, the coefficient of impact of university social capital on crisis management in universities is equal to 0.867, which shows its very high impact. In addition, the results of the final structural model show that the structural dimension of social capital directly affects the political dimension of crisis management in universities.

The purpose of the present study is to study the social responsibility among male teachers in Poldashtcity. People's social life is always associated with a sense of commitment and responsibility, which plays adecisive role in achieving sustainable development and can be analyzed according to the various situations ofcitizens' social life. This research was conducted using qualitative method and grounded theory technique. Theparticipants in the current research were 19 male teachers living in Poldasht city, after conducting semistructured interviews with them, the resulting data were analyzed using three-stage open, central and selectivecoding. The findings indicate that among the factors that are effective in motivating the social responsibility ofteachers include: social commitment and responsibility in the form of their roles - religiosity and professionalethics - improving educational and communication skills - compliance The rights of others - altruism and socialparticipation - responsible behavior towards the natural and urban environment - creating civil organizationsand social demands. The basic and motivational platforms in social responsibility, which in case of lack ordecrease, the desire of employees to be responsible is reduced, including: culture building - improvement ofsocial skills and educational structures - establishment of justice and organizational health - establishment ofjustice It is social and economic in society. Also, among the intervening or facilitating factors in the fulfillmentof social responsibilities by employees are: external control of behaviors through material and spiritualincentives - norms, behavioral patterns and individual characteristics - satisfaction and feeling of satisfactionfrom work and life And with all the shortcomings and structural defects in the work environment that play a rolein reducing employee motivation, employees benefited from the strategy of internal commitment, religious andmoral beliefs, and personal and social empowerment. The results about the consequences of teachers' socialresponsibility, which seems not to have an optimal level, show; The spread of social irregularity and the gradualdestruction and destruction of the natural and urban environment can be expressed as negative results, as wellas the responsibility of orderliness is part of the education system, which in case of improvement and increase inthe willingness of teachers to fulfill their obligations and social responsibilities as The positive result can beexpressed.

Family female heads are one of the most vulnerable groups in the society and empowering them is essential. This research was a systematic study to design and develop a model of educational needs of female heads in the female-headed households.

This study was a qualitative applied research of a research synthetic type conducted using content-analysis and meta-analysis. The statistical population included all the relevant works published in Persian or English between 2012 and 2021 available in four reliable databases, namely, ERIC, Science Direct, PubMed and Google Scholar. Using the keywords "education of women-headed households, women's empowerment, women-headed households, and skills of women-headed households" and based on the inclusion criteria, initially 140 scientific articles were identified and finally, based on the exclusion criteria, 47 articles were selected for the final analysis. The Software MAXQDA 18 was used for the qualitative analysis of the articles.

Analysis of the data obtained showed the educational needs of women-headed households as the main theme to consist of four subthemes including "knowledge and skills of desirable sexual orientation", "knowledge and skills of raising children", "knowledge and skills of occupation" and "individual and social development and empowerment”. Based on meta-analysis out of the four main themes 22 themes were extracted and a model was designed for educating female-headed households.  

Considering that the educational needs of female-headed households have been identified, it is recommended that educational courses be designed in accordance with their educational needs.

The current study aimed to design a model appropriate for professional development courses of Farhangian University faculty members with a flipped learning approach. For this purpose, valid and accessible documents and resources in non-Iranian databases such as ERIC, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Sage and  Iranian databases include Civilica, Magiran and SID, have been reviewed from 2000 to 2020, and from 3152 documents, 60 appropriate documents were selected and examined based on the seven-step approach of Sandelowski and Barroso (2007). The open, axial and selective coding method was used for data analysis, and finally 971 concepts were identified. The identified concepts were categorized into 46 sub-categories and 10 main categories. In order to control the identified concepts, in addition to the validation based on Sandelowski and Barroso (2007) approach, the identified concepts was reviewed by an expert researcher, and the Kappa index calculated  as 0.718 (p <0.001) indicates that the codes extracted have an appropriate reliability. The main components identified include educational development, research development, service development, individual development, organizational development, institutional factors, management factors, social factors, pedagogy and learning designs.

Corona virus disease has faced the world with a big challenge and countries have reacted to it according to their capacity. In this crisis, social media as a social institution have played a vital role in providing knowledge about the corona virus, which due to the cultural differences of countries, the extent of the help of these media during the disease transmission crisis is unknown. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of social media on compliance with the recommendations for the prevention of Covid-19 through public awareness and behavior change in Iranian society.

This research was conducted descriptively and with a correlation design with a covariance-oriented approach in the community of social network users by collecting evidence through a closed-answer questionnaire and random sampling in a systematic and scientific manner and analyzed by statistical methods.

According to the results of the descriptive part, the evaluation of the measured items is at a high level, and according to the inferential results, by using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling, while confirming the validity of the study, the role of using social networks in public health security through public awareness and Behavioral change during the Corona epidemic has been significantly supported.

Based on the evidence and results of data analysis, social media strategies can be used for public education and increasing users' knowledge and awareness, creating behavioral changes for users and increasing users' compliance with the recommendations for preventing Covid-19 and finally improving public safety.

This study aimed to conduct a sociological analysis of the needs of young girls in a qualitative manner with a Grounded theory strategy. Subjects were young girls aged 18 to 25 years living in Tehran. The data were analyzed in a semi-structured interview with 21 people and examined by Strauss and Corbin. Findings show the extraction of 662 primary open-source codes, 83 axial codes, and 19 selective codes, which during the paradigm model of causal conditions include; Need for support, security, respect and belonging, individual and social independence and freedoms, career and financial planning, leisure time, contextual conditions have; Updating macro-policies in the educational institution, the need to acquire skills and support from the Family, independence and empowerment of young people, women's participation in legislation and its review, the need for a secure society and gender equality, and intervening conditions; The economic structure of humanity has been a lack of interactive space in the Family and gender justice. Young girls also use strategies to decide to migrate, develop individual and social skills, and adopt creative strategies and management techniques to achieve goals and combat gender stereotypes in society to meet their needs. In general, young girls are not very satisfied with the process of meeting their needs, and the consequence of this problem is an increase in personal and social harms such as depression, suicidal ideation, the tendency to use tobacco and drugs, addiction to virtual social networks, reduced social interaction

Family as the first bio-social institution in recent decades, despite some problems that result from the interaction of internal factors and conditions with external influences, has experienced great changes and developments. But despite these changes, this institution is still stable and performs its functions.

This research is applied research in terms of purpose, and is descriptive and exploratory. Data collection technique is a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of all married men and women in the 4th, 16th and 22th regions of Tehran who referred to counseling centers in these areas in the second half of 1396, with a total of 1134 people. In order to determine the sample size, Cochran formula was used in this study and 420 subjects were sampled.

The results showed that all the research hypotheses were confirmed, meaning that the highest number of respondents (163 people and 38.8%) have a high tendency to emotional divorce, also 108 respondents (25.7%) have a lower tendency to emotional divorce.

It seems that interacting and talking about life's problems instead of leaving home, violence and fights can prevent emotional divorce.

: Addiction is one of the issues that damages family relationships and this issue will cause many psychological problems for children in the future. The purpose of this study was to compare valuation, devaluation, and family relationships between children with substance-dependent and normal parents.

The present research was descriptive and causal-comparative. The statistical population was all female elementary students of Machr('39')moulan city. 25 students with substance-dependent parents and 25 students with normal parents were selected through convenience sampling. To evaluate valuation and devaluation, and family relationships, Family Drawing Test (FDT) was used. Data were analyzed using chi-square test.

The results showed that there were significant differences between the two groups of children with substance-dependent parents and children with normal parents in the first drawn person and devaluation and the distance between parents, but there was no significant difference between them in terms of drawing the childchr('39')s distance from the parents.

Given the differences between children with substance-dependent and normal parents, the negative effects of addiction on the childchr('39')s behavior and personality should be avoided and these children should be included in early intervention programs.

Migraine headache is a common chronic clinical disorder. Psychological problems are high among these patients. This study examined the relationship between perfectionism dimensions and personality type with migraine severity of headache.

In this study a cross sectional method was used. Among patients referring to the neurologists in the city of Kerman 168 samples were selected. Participants responded to the personality type, intensity of headache and perfectionism dimensionschr('39') questionnaires, then data were analyzed using regression method.

The results showed that there was significant correlation between type A personality and dimensions of perfectionism with migraine. Moreover, type A personality and community-oriented and self-oriented perfectionism are predictors of migraine, but other-oriented perfectionism cannot predict the migraine headache.

According to the findings of this research, personality characteristics, especially type A which are associated with a kind of pressure and urgency, moreover perfectionism of migraine patients should be considered in any treatment.

the main objective of this research is to examine the impact of social capital and its dimensions and the motivation for advancement on the entrepreneurial spirit of students. The statistical population of the study is all TabrizUniversity students at all levels in the academic year of 1395-1396, from whom 382 students were selected through random sampling and the data were collected. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between total social capital, social trust, social norm, social network and motivation for progress with the entrepreneurial spirit of students. In addition, the results indicated that there was a positive and significant relationship between the dimensions of entrepreneurial spirit and independent variables of research. The result of path analysis also showed that the motive of progress directly influenced the dependent variable by 0.29%. The variable of social trust is 0.14% directly and 0.18 percent have influenced the entrepreneurial spirit through the motive of progress. The social norm variable, as much as 0.15%, has influenced the entrepreneurial spirit of the studied sample. Finally, the social network variable had the most direct effect (0.36%) and indirectly (40.0%) through the variable of the motive of progress on the variable of entrepreneurial spirit.

To improve the personal relations among students the use of community of inquiry method was hypothesized to be effective, especially if the content being learned in this way is Philosophy for Children (P4C). To find support for this hypothesis, a group of 50 female students whose interpersonal relations were below the average was selected and then divided into two subgroups of experimental and control. Using a questionnaire, both subgroups were asked about the quality of their interpersonal relations before and after the experimental group going through a eight-session course on Philosophy for Children. Covariance analyses of the data revealed a significant difference between the two groups indicating the effectiveness of the community of inquiry method in improving the interpersonal relationships.

The emergence of cyberspace and the expansion of the use of social networks among young people and students have influenced their lifestyle and spending time. Accordingly, this paper aims at evaluating the amount of use, pattern of consumption and factors affecting the use of virtual social networks among students. Combined research approach, Quantitative and qualitative research method were used, and data gathering tools include questionnaires and interviews. The statistical population is the students of Tehran University, and the sample size is 350 people. The sampling method is systematic categorical and probabilistic. Qualitative findings about the motivation to use social networks of students showed that the motivations include: entertainment and spending the time, coping with solitude, greeting friends and acquaintances, following news, and downloading articles and books which are respectively the most important motivations of students to use virtual social networks. Over 80% of students use Telegram and Instagram. This situation, according to the theoretical framework of the research, is due to their high socialization and high level of security of these networks to protect users' information. The results of regression analysis and analysis of variables showed that among the variables introduced in the regression equations, 5 variables (age, income, cultural capital, employment status and sociability), directly affect and two other variables (academic grade and social capital) indirectly affect the use of virtual social networks. In general, the independent variables of this study explained 31% of the variation of the function, i.e., the amount of use of virtual social networks.

Searching for information is not always a targeted activity; it can also be done involuntarily. The serendipity has the ability to find information randomly and as something happy, something unexpected, or a pleasant surprise. This paper examines and analyzes the concept of serendipity and its models in the process of information searching.

The present study uses a library research method to study concept of serendipity and its models in the process of information searching.

Serendipity is a term for a broad and multifaceted phenomenon. Widespread vague nature of serendipity has made it difficult to study and inspect, and has led to numerous explanations and clarifications from researchers. The serendipity (accidental information discovery) is different from the purposeful search of information, because it is more about dealing with information or accidentally discovering information. Unexpected (accidental), intelligent, and valuable or potentially valuable results of the requirements of a worthwhile experience.

Understanding serendipity as an integral part of information behavior can be effective in identifying strategies for retrieving information that leads to accidental information discovery.

The proliferation of new media in recent decades, which has brought about a new culture for young people, has led to changes in culture and areas of adherence to values, institutions, lifestyles and the like. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the sociological factors affecting the tendency to ethical anomalies with emphasis on virtual social networks.

The method of this research is survey and the technique used is questionnaire. The statistical population of this research is all young people of Tehran city. 400 of them were selected as the sample size using Cochran formula.

The tendency to ethical anomalies is different in terms of socioeconomic status, gender, marital status, and level of education. Also, the results of multivariate regression showed that independent variables of research (membership in virtual social networks, amount of activity in virtual social networks, type of use of virtual social networks) explained 0.32 of the tendency to ethical anomalies of youth in Tehran.

The results showed that the tendency to ethical anomalies among the youths of Tehran city is increasingly moderate. Young people who subscribe to virtual social networks and who do not make proper use of this space are more prone to ethical anomalies.

Anthocyanin content, antioxidant activity and the bacterial and fungal colonies in pomegranate fruit juice as well as visual quality of the fruits (cv. Malas Saveh) were evaluated through 120 days of cold storage (5±1°C). Four packaging styles including gapped and closed wooden boxes with and without polyethylene fruit coverage, and three irradiation treatments comprising 0.0 (control), 5.0 and 15 minutes UV (1.435W.m-2 intensity) exposure time were applied. Packaging and UV irradiation treatments had no significant effects on anthocyanin content, but the interaction between these two factors was significant in this respect. Fruits with polyethylene coverage had the higher antioxidant activity compared to the non-covered samples. In addition, the greatest antioxidant capacity was obtained from the 5 minutes UV exposure time. Between the irradiation levels, the numbers of bacterial and fungal colonies were higher in the control fruits than the two other treatments. Using polyethylene coverage considerably reduced the bacterial contamination, while this increased the fungal infection, but irradiation of fruits greatly decreased the negative effect of polyethylene coverage on fungal infection. Overall, UV irradiation significantly controlled fungal infection without putting the negative effects on anthocyanin content, antioxidant activity as well as pomegranate fruit taste and flavor. In addition, utilization of polyethylene coverage could keep the visual quality of pomegranate (cv. Malas Saveh) fruit in cold storage.

Delivery is a painful event, and the management of labor pain is of utmost importance. The present study aimed to assess the effects of the oral consumption of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) syrup on labor pain and length of the active phase of labor in nulliparous women. This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 64 healthy volunteer nulliparous women who met the inclusion criteria at Asali Teaching Hospital in Khorramabad, Iran. The participants were selected randomly and assigned to two groups of intervention (date palm syrup) and control (32 subjects per group). Data were collected using a questionnaire with the domains of demographic characteristics and vaginal examinations in labor, and pain intensity was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Pain intensity was measured every 30 minutes during the active phase of labor. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 16. The mean score of pain intensity was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the mean length of the active phase of labor was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<0.01). According to the results, the consumption of date palm syrup significantly decreased pain intensity and the length of delivery, so that despite reducing the labor pain, labor was not prolonged, and the length of the active phase of labor significantly reduced as well. Considering the importance of evidence-based research and its use in practice, further investigations in this regard are required.

Background and purpose:

Quran is the great and eternal miracle of the Prophet of Islam. In this Bible, Maryam is advised to eat dates during the birth of Christ according to the verses 23-27 of Surah Maryam. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of date palm usage on the consequences of delivery in nulliparous women.

Methods and Materials:

In this clinical trial, 80 healthy primigravida volunteer women were enrolled (40 subjects in each group) after studying and signing the consent form. They were randomly divided into two intervention and control groups. The data gathering tool comprised four main parts of the personal profile questionnaire, controls performed in the labor, fluid intake rate, and the pain intensity using a 0-10 cm ruler. Interventions in both groups were done during the active phase (4-7cm dilation) and continued until the start of the transition phase (8 cm dilation). Observations were done according to the national protocol of labor and physiological delivery.

The findings showed that the mean active phase of labor in the intervention group was significantly lower than the control group (p<0/01).

The consumption of date syrup reduced the duration of the active phase of the labor and led to the progression of delivery without any maternal and fetal complications.

Today, websites with diverse and varied uses have revolutionized all social, scientific, educational, artistic, commercial, and other fields of thought. In the meantime, the cinema has not gone away with this technological advancement, and a large number of cinema websites have been set up to help film makers in this field. Whatever the users of a website, the main purpose and the main goals is to provide quick and easy service and to satisfy users, and this goal is achieved only with the assurance of their efficiency and performance review and performance measurement. Web sites are not possible except by evaluating them. Only this way, one can see the strengths and weaknesses of the Web sites, and they have taken steps to refine or complete their progress and development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cinematic websites of Iran based on the three-level pyramid model. Using evaluative method, 38 Iranian cinemas were evaluated using two public and specialized criteria. Using these two logos, not screening, navigation, content, availability, interaction, informational services, special services, multimedia services, and customer service have been evaluated. The evaluation results show that Iran's cinema websites are based on the three-level pyramid model, which are general criteria, at a good level, in the middle of the pyramid with appropriate specialized standards at the head of the pyramid consisting of Specialized criteria are at the right level. A fully cinematic web site is considered to include at least two criteria for special services and customer service at the head of the pyramid, one in a highly professional and user-friendly manner, and at the level of the best of the same foreign websites Have your website. It seems that Iran's cinematic websites are beginning to work on this and need more activity and experience.

The current study[3] was undertaken to evaluate the impact of P4C (Philosophy for Children) instruction using a community of inquiry method on students’ accountability. This quasi-experimental research had a pretest posttest control group design. The statistical population of the study included all female students of public high schools in Tehran in academic year 2015-2016. For the purpose of sampling, 50 students whose accountability was lower than average were chosen via multi-stage sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental (N=25) and control (N=25) groups. The experimental group received P4C instruction using a community of inquiry method in 10 ninety-minute sessions, while the control group did not receive the intervention. In the posttest, both experimental and control groups were given the accountability questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics (between group analysis of covariance) were utilized. Results showed that accountability of the students who had received P4C instruction was significantly higher than those who had not received such instruction. Thus, P4C instruction using a community of inquiry method is effective in promoting students’ accountability.

Proper management of the information process requires considering various definitions and combinations of the term "information". The purpose of this study was to clarify the concepts of information, misinformation and disinformation, and to better understand the ways of sharing, differentiation and relationships between them, and to explain the patterns and motivations for disseminating false and deceptive information.
The present study uses a library research method to study theoretical foundations and conceptual relationships of different types of information and their dissemination models.
Good and valuable information with features such as accessible, accurate, complete, economical, flexible, relevant, reliable, secure, simple, timely and verifiable. Misinformation is synonymous with incorrect, false, incorrect, incomplete information that is published unintentionally. While disinformation has two main characteristics of false information and misleading intent.
Better understanding of the concepts of information, misinformation and disinformation, and understanding their different dimensions will be the basis for more accurate research in this field and more comprehensive analyzes. Providing critical thinking training and information assessment skills in the form of information literacy, literacy and the like can prevent the publication, retrieval and use of inaccurate and deceptive information by users.

The main goal of this work was to evaluate the importance of vascular bundles on the physical and mechanical properties of date palm. To prepare experimental samples, two trees (Phoenix dactylifera) with the average diameter of 47 cm were freshly cut from Ahvaz countryside in Khoozestan Province. Cubic samples with dimensions of 2 cm (tangential) × 2 cm (radial) × 2 cm (longitudinal) were taken from different heights of date palm trunk (2, 5 and 7 meter). The anatomical (number, diameter and cross-cut area of single vascular bundles), physical (density) as well as mechanical properties (vascular bundles tension strength and modulus of elasticity) were studied. The results showed that the calculated total area of vascular bundles per 400 mm2 was maximum for samples near the bark (33% of total area) and the value gradually decreased to 27% for specimens around the pith. The number of vascular bundles increase was observed while moving from the pith to the bark. The same variation also attained when the height of date palm stem increased. But for the average values of single vascular bundles diameter and cross-cut area, no regular trend of increase or decrease was observed. For mechanical properties of vascular bundles, the results revealed that tensile strength and modulus of elasticity were greater for specimens close to the pith in comparison with the values of samples near the bark. Finally the highest correlation was found between mechanical properties of vascular bundles and the position of them in transversal direction of date palm stem.