فهرست مطالب مجتبی بابائی خورزوقی

Objective:

 The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of proprioceptive exercises and paaryaad exercises on motor coordination, balance, and executive functions among teenage karate girls practicing non-control styles with ACL injury.

Methods :

TThis study adopted a semi-experimental applied design with a pre-test-post-test model. Two experimental groups and one control group were established, with 10 individuals randomly assigned to each group. Executive functions were assessed using the Stroop test, working memory, and continuous performance measures, while the Broninx-Ozertsky motor proficiency test evaluated balance and motor coordination. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software and covariance analysis.

Results:

 The research findings indicated that proprioceptive exercises significantly affected motor coordination (P≤0.05), balance (P=0.009), and executive functions (P=0.001), while paaryaad exercises influenced motor coordination (P=0.001), balance (P=0.002), and executive functions (P=0.015) among teenage karate girls practicing non-control styles with ACL injuries. The greatest impact was observed in the motor coordination of teenage karate practitioners following non-control styles with ACL injury by proprioceptive and paaryaad exercises.

Conclusion:

 Hence, it can be concluded that proprioception and paaryaad exercises effectively enhance motor coordination, balance, and performance functions.

Aging is associated with reduced physical and cognitive abilities, but physical activity has positive effects on the lives of these people.The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of eight weeks of step exercises on static and dynamic balance in elderly women with chronic nonspecific knee pain.

In the present quasi-experimental study, 30 elderly women of Shahrekord city were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into two exercise groups (age: 65.64±4.45 years, height:165.64±3.34 cm,weight:78.45±4.62 kg)and control(age: 62.14±3.45 years, height:162.91±3.32 kg, weight: 76.26±3.66 kg).The experimental group performed eight weeks of step training (3 sessions of 30 minutes per week). In this period, the subjects in the control group had their daily activities. Before and after the training period, static and dynamic balance were assessed by scoring tests of balance error and getting up and going. Data analysis was performed by repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test SPSS20 at the level of 0.05.

The results showed that eight weeks of step training had a significant effect on static balance (P = 0.01) and dynamic balance (P = 0.001).

Stair exercises have an effect on static and dynamic balance and based on the results of these exercises in elderly women, by creating effective physiological adaptations, they also affect the nervous and psychological system of the elderly and thus can improve the balance of the elderly women. Accordingly, it is recommended that older women with specific knee pain perform stair exercises.

Work-related musculoskeletal abnormalities are one of the main causes of musculoskeletal injuries, followed by job-disability among employees. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between abnormal profiles and the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among academic staff men and women.

The present study is of a causal nature after occurrence. The statistical population consisted of all employees of Isfahan University of Technology in 2018. A random sample of 64 men and 59 women were recruited as the study sample. A New-York-based assessment questionnaire was used to assess musculoskeletal-abnormalities and a Nordic questionnaire was used to assess the extent of MSDs. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and Spearman test were used in SPSS version24 software.

The highest musculoskeletal abnormality in the upper limb was observed in shoulder area (0.37%) and among the lower limbs the ankle (0.82%) was reported as the highest. In terms of correlation between pain, disability and injuries and MSDs with gender in the last 7 days, there was the highest correlation with shoulder (r=0.377), wrist (r=0.401) in the last 12 months and musculoskeletal abnormalities with shoulder area (r = 0.411). There was a significant difference in the prevalence of pain and disability with injury in the shoulder area (P = 0.001), wrist (P = 0.001), back (P = 0.002), buttocks (P = 0.032) and knees (P = 0.006).

The results indicate a high risk of MSDs and abnormalities in male and female employees. In order to reduce the incidence of abnormalities, it is necessary to perform corrective exercises and improve the ergonomics conditions of the work environment.

The elderly population is increasing, and one of the common problems in the elderly is a sleep disorder. Poor sleep quality causes various musculoskeletal problems, including chronic nonspecific Low back pain. In this regard, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pre-sleep exercises on sleep quality parameters and chronic nonspecific chronic low back pain after sleep in the elderly.

This study was quasi-experimental. A total of 40 retirees over 60 years old of Isfahan University of Technology with a Mean±SD age of 64.52±3.18 years, a weight of 81.99±7.35 kg, and a BMI of 27.91±2.21 in a targeted manner available were selected and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups of 20 people. The Pittsburgh Standard Questionnaire was used to assess sleep quality parameters; the VAS Pain Intensity Questionnaire was used to assess low back pain and the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire. The exercise program intervention was performed for 28 sessions for 15 minutes. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data; also, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures was used. All analyzes were performed using SPSS software v. 24.

 The results showed a significant difference between groups in sleep quality parameters such as mental quality of sleep (P=0.001), delay in falling asleep (P=0.019), duration of sleep (P=0.006), sleep efficiency and effectiveness (P=0.001), sleep disorder (P=0.016), use of sleeping pills (P=0.001), inappropriate performance during the day (P=0.002). The overall sleep quality among elderly males was P=0.001. Also, bedtime exercises can significantly affect nonspecific chronic low back pain parameters such as pain intensity (P=0.039) and disability (P=0.014) in this age group.

 Doing light exercise before bed on a light to moderate basis, according to the exercise program presented in this study, can improve the disability and reduce pain severity. This seems to be one of the most critical problems in old age, namely the quality of sleep and related parameters in the elderly male with nonspecific chronic low back pain. Therefore, it is recommended that the elderly engage in regular exercise.

Having balance in daily activities is important and one of the ways to maintain and improve balance is to do sports exercises. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of yoga exercises with the ultimate fitness (UF) and Hatha Yoga approach on static balance in middle-aged women.

The present study was quasi-experimental. The statistical population included middle-aged women who are active in sports clubs in Isfahan, Iran in 2019. 45 women were selected by purposive sampling and randomly divided into three groups of yoga with UF approach (n=15), Hatha Yoga (n=15) and control (n=15). The two exercise groups performed yoga exercises with UF and Hatha Yoga approaches for 8 weeks, two sessions of 60 minutes per week, and the control group did not receive any intervention. The stork-test and angel-test balance were used to measure static balance

After 8 weeks of yoga exercises with UF and Hatha Yoga approaches, static balance in middleaged women had a significant improvement (P≥0.05) compared to baseline values and this result was due to intergroup changes in stork-test (P=0.009) and angel-test (P=0.001). Also, the range of changes of all variables in exercise groups was significantly higher than in the control group (P≥0.05). This has a significant difference between UF approach group with control in stork test (P = 0.007) and Hatha Yoga group with control in angel test (P = 0.04)

According to the findings of this study, yoga exercises with UF approach and Hatha Yoga can be used as a non-pharmacological method in rehabilitation, maintenance and improvement of balance in middle-aged women

Fat deposition in the liver to the extent of more than 5% of the liver weight in the absence of significant alcohol consumption, viral infections and any etiology of liver disease is called non-alcoholic fatty liver. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combined exercises with the approach of "ultimate -fit" and coffee consumption on the levels of liver enzymes in middle-aged men with non-alcoholic fatty liver. The present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design. 44 middle-aged men with fatty liver were purposefully selected and randomly divided into four groups: combined exercise (n=11), coffee consumption (n=11), combined exercise + coffee consumption (n=11) and control (n=11). Ultrasound and blood tests were performed to determine the amount of liver enzymes before and after the implementation of the research protocol. The practice groups performed the combined program for eight weeks in three regular sessions per week. Subjects in the coffee consumption group and combined exercise+coffee consumption received 10 grams of coffee every other day.  Data were analyzed by using analysis of MANCOVA. Serum levels of liver enzymes in all three experimental groups were significantly reduced compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In the experimental group, combined exercise with coffee consumption decreased alanine aminotransferase and in other cases no significant difference was observed. Combined exercise intervention with coffee consumption is effective in reducing liver enzymes. This intervention can be used for sedentary middle-aged people with fatty liver who are on the verge of aging.

Exercise programs that target the quality of the fundamental movements, are an essential component in the safe progression of athletes. Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization(DNS) Exercise is a new approach based on fundamental movements which modify the motor program in the central nervous system. So the effect of DNS training program on functional motion screening (FMS) was investigated in this study.

The sample consisted of 34 female students who were randomly divided into two groups. Age, height and weight of the experimental group were 18.8±0.68, 160.4±5.63 cm and 61.4±14.41 kg, respectively, and in the control group 18.19±0.91, 16.05 ± 3.16 cm and 61.2±12.10 kg. The control group performed routine physical fitness exercises and the experimental group performed DNS training protocol for 3 sessions of 50 minutes per week for 6 weeks. FMS was measured as pre-test and post-test. Data were analyzed using ANOVA for repeated measures at the significant level P≤0.05.

The results showed significant interaction (F(1, 32)= 250.42 , P = 0.0001), intragroup difference (F(1, 32)= 347.50 , P = 0.0001) and intergroup differences (F(1, 32)= 16.45 , P = 0.0001) for FMS in the experimental group. Compared to the control group, the experimental group progressed with a much steep slope (60.23% vs. 73.34%).

Our findings confirm that it is possible to use fundamental movement training to improve functional movements. In fact, the experimental group's significant improvement in FMS is related to the reinforcement of the pattern of movement resulting from DNS exercises.

With age, some physiological changes cause a negative effect on gait patterns. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 6-week rotary exercises program on spatial and temporal gait parameters in elderly men.

This was a quasi-experimental study. A total of 38 employees and retirees over 60 years of age from Isfahan University of Technology in 2019, were selected by the convenience and purposeful sampling and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (19 people). The gait parameters were assessed through marking the subjects’ trunk and lower extremities, along with simultaneously filming from three directions (anterior, posterior, and lateral) with a Canon 700D camera, and loading the videos into KINOVEA software. The exercise program were performed in three 60-minute sessions per week for six weeks. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and the analysis of variance with repeated measures were used.

The results showed a significant difference in the number of steps per minute (Cadence) (P<0.001), step speed (P=0.019), stride time (P<0.001), step time (P<0.001), time of stretching or deployment (P=0.002), oscillation time (P<0.001) and dual protection time (P=0.014), but other parameters such as stride length (P=0.102), step length (P=0.137) and step width (P=0.089) were not significantly different.

Implementation of the 6-week combined rotary exercises program in the elderly can improve the gait parameters, reduce the risk of falls and thus reduce the number of referrals to treatment centers in this age group.