محسن صرامی

Integrating renewable resources to provide local load has created a concept called microgrid. With the widespread introduction of microgrids, energy management and system utilization and resources in the electricity market are important tasks of microgrid management. In this paper, the problem of microgrid utilization is modeled taking into account economic, technical and uncertainties related to power consumption, wind speed and solar radiation in electricity market conditions. One of the most important issues in the electricity market is the discussion of the participation of units in real price conditions. In this paper, a framework for the exploitation of electricity and the consumption of controllable loads through integrated utilization of distributed energy sources of uncertainty is presented from a consumer perspective. The optimization problem is a two-step stochastic linear programming that minimized the cost of microgrid operation and expected cost of consumers considering the consumer’s requirement for controllable loads in the desire time interval and distribution company constraints that solved by using Salp swarm optimization algorithm. RBT and IBR tariffs are employed for modeling retail power market for better reflection of wholesale price volatility and avoid of the concurrent use of consumers. In this method price announced to the consumers by retailers only is limited specific later hours instead of the entire operation period. In this condition any timing of controllable loads need to price forecasting, while this forecasting have some uncertainties. These uncertainties are modeled using Monte Carlo method for stochastic price variable scenario generation. MATLAB software is employed for simulation and verification of the proposed method.

As age grows, changes in the characteristics of the mental system, personality, mood, as well as the physiological aspects of the managers and changes in their behavior are created. These behavioral changes in managers can be externalized and show it in organizational behavior. The aim of research is investigating and   describing the role of personality development due to the increasing age of managers on organizational climate. The method used in this study is causal-comparative method and 72 companies senior managers and their employees have been studied in two groups. The results showed that the characters of narcissism, perfectionism, excitement seeking and stress coping have changed with the age of  managers. Also, the Average test of two communities shows a significant difference on the seven components of organizational climate (Esprit, harassment, Hindrance, Intimacy, consideration, Aloofness and Thrust in the organizational climate) and in relation to the component of Production emphasis, was not significant difference in quantity in the two test group which indicates that managers of all ages emphasize production, which is the main goal of  organization. Also, the results of multivariate regression showed  that  personality components  affected on the organizationchr('39')s climate components.

In this paper, the guild system law adopted in 1392 in Islamic Parliament of Iran discussed And difficulties in the way of its implementation and the lack of some legal provisions conflicts with other laws of the country were investigated. In this paper .Guild system law is pervasive And all people in the community have been directly and indirectly involved with it in their lives and Provides private sector services in an easily and regular manner. If this law has problems, it will harm people and cause harm and disorder in society. Therefore, the review and promotion of this law are indispensable. The research method of this paper is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods and used of questionnaire and Delphi techniques in this paper. This paper examines 16 of the most important legal issues that have error and Has provided some suggestions for improving this provision.