فهرست مطالب محمد الیاس مسلم پور

Joghatay plain is located in Sabezvar Ophiolitic Zone and next to the chromite mine. In this research, the soil pollution by heavy metals have been investigated with respect to geochemical, statistical and environmental indicators in Joghatay plain.Material and

Samples were collected seasonally from soil in Joghatay plain within May 2014, and the concentration of heavy metals were measured using ICP-MS method. To the geochemical phases of metals in soil were determined using BCR sequential extraction method.

The result of the analysis of heavy metals in soil samples has shown high concentrations of some elements such as Chromium, Nickel and Cobalt in the southern part of the region. Assessment and correlation of heavy metals in Joghatay region soils by multivariate statistical methods (Pearson correlation, cluster analysis and principal component analysis) show a strong positive correlation between Cobalt, Nickel, Chromium, Iron, Manganese and Magnesium due to the same source  (ophiolitic unit area).

The pollution index (geoaccumulation index, enrichment factor, contamination factor and modified contamination degree) indicates that soil has strongly polluted with regard to Chromium and Nickel and moderately polluted to Cobalt. Sequential extraction method has indicated that more than 50% of Nickel and Chromium concentration in intercahnageable phase. On the other hand ophiolitic rocks and Chromit mining leads releasing of these elements in the area. Though, as far as it gets away from ophiolitic rocks these elements concentration will be decreased. Also element speciation in different phases reveals that the rest elements have concentrated in residual phases and have a lithogenic source.

Water quality assessment and identification of contaminants and contaminated area where groundwater is used for drinking is very important. The present study aimed at evaluation of the groundwater quality of Joghatay plain using GQI as an indicator of groundwater quality. GQI is a suitable tool to synthesize different available quality data into easily understood format. For this reason the concentration of anions and cations in water including Na, K, Mg, Ca, SO4 -2, Cl- and TDS were analyzed. Based on the measured parameters the groundwater quality distribution map of Joghatay was provided and the groundwater quality index (GQI) was determined by GIS. GQI index value in the study area changes between 81.3 to 88.1 and it is in the acceptable range. GQI index assessment reveals that according to the distance and passing through the different formations the water quality in the northern parts of Joghaty plain is lower.

Mantle sequences exposed in west of Fannuj- Maskutan area comprise of lherzolite and porphyroclastic cpx-bearing harzburgite in the lower part and recrystallized fine-grained lherzolite with chromitite lenses in the upper parts of the sequence. Petrography studies and microprobe data show evidence of melt/peridotite interactions, post-melting processes and subsolidus interactions associated with the appearance of two generations of deformed primary pyroxene-olivine and fine-grained pyroxene-olivine amphibole neoblasts. Second generation of minerals formed as inclusion, interstitial and fine-grained. These two groups of minerals have different geochemical characteristics, i.e., the first group are comparable with abyssal peridotites and the second group are comparable to suprasubduction peridotites. Therefore, the chemical compositions of different generations of minerals show different petrogenesis for ultramafic rocks of the Fannuj- Maskutan ophiolitie complex. Interpretation of whole rock chemical data indicate that these rocks have a depleted MORB mantle source which underwent 5-15% partial melting. Rare earth element patterns normalized with chondrite standard values and compared with patterns of depleted MORB mantle (DMM), indicate enrichment in LREE/MREE ration and show U-shape patterns. Thus, the peridotites of the Fannuj-Maskutan ophiolitie have experienced multistage evolution and show characteristics of abyssal environment to suprasubduction zone. It might be said that transition from abyssal environment to suprasubduction has been affected by fluids derived from the subducted slab.

In this study the environmental problems has been studied in south east of Tehran (Bibi Shahrbanou mount). 31 sediment samples were taken from 10-15 cm extremity of streams and were analyzed by ICP. Toxic elements studied include: Ag, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb and Zn. The samples were also investigated for mineralogy using XRD. The clay mineral assemblage encountered in the analyzed samples is composed of kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite, dictite, vermiculite, clinochlore. The nonclay minerals are composed mainly of quartz, calcite and dolomite as major minerals with alebite and muscovite as minor minerals. According to the index of geoaccumulation, the sediments of the study area are considered to be extremely polluted with respect to Sb and Ag, strongly polluted with respect to As, Cd, Zn and Cu, extremely to strongly polluted with respect to Pb, moderately to strongly polluted with respect to Cr, unpolluted to moderately polluted with respect to Ni. Except of As and Cr all the toxic elements are positively correlated with the determined physicochemical parameter such as pH, clay content, organic matter content, and carbonate content. Applied principal components analysis on the data makes nine principal components for the data set, the first three components of over 70 percent of the population variability to explain. The first component including Ag, Pb, Zn and Cu. Seems to be the first component in combination with abandoned lead mine and clay content. The second one including Ni and Sb, seems to be affected by organic matter and cation exchange capacity while the third including As and Cr is affected by cement factory. The results of cluster analysis are also fully consistent with the results of principal component analysis.

Ophiolitic Complex of east Iranshahr (Makran), 85 km Long and 65 km width, is located in east Jazmourian (Sistan and Baluchistan Province). In this study 65 km2 of this complex (25 km E of Iranshahr) was studied. This region comprises an aproximately complete sequence of ophiolitic complex. The ultramafic rocks of this area are of two types: tectonized and cumulate; all of which are serpantinized. The cumulate ultramafic rocks are mainly harzburgitie, dunite and in few locations leherzolite Rodingite dykes are observed in this area. Among the cumulate, peridotites especially in dunites, microgabbroes dykes are observed. Geochemical investigation shows a co-magmatic origin of the igneous rock. These rocks and tholeiitic type. According to geochemical diagrams, the basalts and gabbros of this complex belong to E-MORB, produced by a single mantle source. This investigation shows the ophiolitic rocks of the complex belongs to fast spreading ridges and probably are resemble the harzburgitic type ophiolites.