فهرست مطالب محمد طالقانی

Financing ultimately is aimed at increasing the value of the business through planning, executing, as well as applying financial resources besides balancing profitability and risk. This is realized when financial managers make proper decision about which financing methods to adopt. This study is aimed at providing a hybrid approach based on fuzzy ISM technique and MICMAC analysis in order to design a model to help choose financing sources for Iranian industrial enterprises through overcoming the restrictions of decision-making process. To this end, the fuzzy ISM technique has been first employed to specify the interrelationships between the indicators as well as modeling their hierarchical structure; subsequently, by means of MICMAC analysis, the dominant indicators involved in the financing process have been classified in one of the four clusters based on their Driving power and Dependence. The results indicate that the index of “government fiscal policies” has the highest effect on other indicators of the system and it is a basic criterion for making fundamental decisions to choose the financing sources of Iranian industrial enterprises. Hence, in their management decisions, decision makers should pay attention to the perspective of government fiscal policies before considering any other indicators.

The aim of the current research is to provide a model to explain the effect of internal and external organizational decision components on the cost price of industrial products with a factor-based approach. The research method is applicable in terms of its purpose, and, a kind of qualitative and quantitative research of an exploratory type in terms of the process. The statistical population of the research is all experts and informants of the cost price of industrial products, and 35 people were determined as the sample size by the snowball sampling method. Companies' databases such as data related to industrial production and product pricing were used to collect data. Three methods of theme analysis, Delphi technique and factor-based model were used to analyze the data. The software used for the Delphi technique was SPSS version 25, and Netlogo software was used for the implementation and simulation of the factor-based model and its validation. The findings show that the changes in each factor during the period under review have an effect on other factors in the final price, and at the end, the validity of the model was confirmed by the experts. Therefore, the integration of the theory of constraints with factor-based modeling can be used as an effective tool in the cost price of manufactured products, and by means of it, the appropriate selling price of products can be determined and predicted in the short and long term periods.

Currently, the banking industry is of great importance due to its unique intermediary role to achieve the goals of sustainable development. The present study reviews previous studies on sustainable banking, aiming at investigating sustainable banking practices in order to improve the banking industry performance. The research method is based on a semi-systematic review. The statistical population included research articles on sustainable banking, which were obtained by the search strategy made in the period of 1995 to 2021 in scientific databases. First, 1004 articles on sustainable or green banking were identified, and finally, focusing on sustainable banking and performance, and based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 25 articles were selected for this study. After reviewing the literature, a conceptual framework was achieved regarding sustainable banking and improving the banking industry performance. Based on the conceptual model, it can be stated that sustainable banking should work towards increasing social responsibility so that the performance of the banking industry can be improved. In the present study, sustainable banking practices were defined by social sustainability, environmental sustainability, and ethical considerations. Therefore, in all countries, it is necessary to implement sustainable banking practices in a way that concurrently consider environmental effects and social effects in accordance with green banking and profit maximization according to traditional banking. If these actions are accompanied by social responsibility, profitability and efficiency will also increase and costs will be reduced; Finally, the improvement of the banking industry performance also depends on these three factors.

Considering the wide range of influencing factors and the complexity of relationships in the food industry, the trends do not follow linear behaviors and their analysis with nondynamic tools is challenging. In such a situation, if organizational strategies cannot be adjusted in line with the needs of the market and its environmental conditions, the resulting losses can be significant and sometimes irreparable. The purpose of this research is to identify the key effective factors in the strategic performance of production in the supply chain using a systemic approach. Due to the existence of multiple factors and the complexity of relationships between influencing variables, a systemic approach has been used to investigate behavioral dynamics in the form of cause and effect loops. Finally, in order to identify the key influencing factors, the intensity of the relationship between the variables has been ranked by experts' opinions in the form of a pairwise comparison matrix, and five key influencing factors in the field of production strategies have been introduced with the DEMATEL technique. Based on the results obtained, according to experts' opinion, having the production capacity for a fee, along with the development of factory production lines, plays a very important role in adapting manufacturing companies to demand fluctuations and managing the uncertainty of the market.

The purpose of this research is to identify the infrastructural factors affecting the implementation of knowledge management in public companies of Gilan province. In order to carry out this research, firstly, by examining the background of the research, the infrastructural indicators of the implementation of knowledge management were extracted and adjusted using the opinions of experts, and finally it became the questionnaire of this research, and a sample of 384 experts and managers of state-owned companies in Gilan province answered it. . Using the exploratory factor analysis technique, 5 infrastructure factors were identified. Naming and how the relationships between them were analyzed based on theoretical foundations in Delphi group panels, and as a result, the conceptual model of the research was presented. To test and evaluate the model, the technique of structural equations has been used. Of the 5 identified factors, motivation factor with a coefficient of 0.13, organizational maturity factor with a coefficient of 0.25, structural factor with a coefficient of 0.32 and technical factor with a coefficient of 0.23 have a significant impact on the implementation of knowledge management. The GOF criterion is equal to 0.43, which shows that the infrastructural conceptual model of knowledge management implementation in public companies of Gilan province has been confirmed with high fit and strong fit.

The aim of the current research was to design a factor-based model to evaluate the impact of internal and external organizational decisions on the cost of industrial production based on the theory of constraints. The research method is practical in terms of the goal and in terms of the research process, it is in the field of quantitative and field research of an exploratory type. The statistical population of the current research is all experts and informants on the issue of the cost of industrial products, who were selected through the snowball sampling method. In this research, 25 people were selected as a sample of experts, and data related to industrial products and their pricing were used to collect data from the companies' databases to check the research objectives. Next, three methods of theme analysis, Delphi technique and factor-based model were used to analyze the data. AnyLogic software was used to run the simulation in order to validate the model. Finally, the findings showed that in this research, two types of improvement policies have been investigated: 1. The effect of product production policies on demand and product pricing in order to make the finished price competitive 2. The effect of capacity planning policies. It should be remembered that this problem was designed with the approach of the foundation agent model and the behavior analysis of the research model shows that with the application of product production policies, the cost price of products increases, which is in line with the competitive

The main purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate suppliers based on traditional, lean and agility criteria and rank them with the combined approach of fuzzy Delphi,SWARA and ARAS in Saipa Company.The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection.First, key functional sub-criteria(traditional,lean and agile)were identified and then fuzzy Delphi technique,the effectiveness of these criteria was evaluated in Company.The statistical population in this part of the research is 30 experts and managers of the company, who due to the limited size of the community,all members of the community were considered as a sample.The fuzzy Delphi output showed that out of 20 sub-criteria identified after evaluating the experts,17criteria were finally approved.Then,using the new SWARA decision-making technique and applying the opinions of 30experts, the criteria and sub-criteria were evaluated and their weights were extracted.In traditional criteria,the sub-criteria"costs"with the highest weight in terms of importance in the first place and"operating capacity"in the last place;In lean criteria,the sub-criterion of"elimination of waste"as the most important and"supply of materials according to the needs of the industry"in the last rank;In the agility criteria, the sub-criteria of "flexibility"in the first place and"strong supplier communication"in the last place are extracted.In the final evaluation of the main criteria of the research,the criterion of"agility"was in the first place, the criterion of"lean"was in the second place and the criterion of"traditional"was in the last place.The proposed approach of this research provides a valuable conceptual framework to company managers to improve the status of suppliers.

Regardless of political-security issues, the South Caucasus, serves as a gateway for cultural, economic-trade, and political geography connections. Many analysts confirm to the region’s geopolitical, geoeconomic, and geostrategic significance, emphasizing that in order to reap the benefits of the region, countries must broaden their influence in many areas. This study attempted to clarify Iran’s significance in light of the wide-ranging effect of world actors and explore the nature of each actor’s role-playing in the South Caucasus strategic region. To this end, by using documentary and library research methods, 12 countries, entities, organizations, or unions among regional and extra-regional actors were identified, and the roles and actions that each of the actors play in the region were explained in accordance with numerous publications and studies. According to the findings, the 12 identified secondary and extra-regional actors’ actions are divided into three primary categories: economic-trade, military, strategic, security, and intelligence, and geopolitics. Furthermore, an analysis of South Caucasus business transactions revealed that Iran’s position as one of the regional countries with common borders with two major South Caucasus countries, namely the Republic of Azerbaijan and Armenia, has weakened and requires reinforcement in the region when compared to Russia and Turkey as regional actors, the US, China, European countries, and Israel as extra-regional actors that are mostly G20 members.

Demonstrating social responsibility in companies' business activities is equally valuable for advancing social and business goals. The aim of this study was to present the model of corporate social responsibility in the field of green marketing from the perspective of consumers of organic products. The research is qualitative and the research method is based on data. The tool used to collect the data was an interview. The statistical population of the study included managers and experts of companies producing organic products with a social responsibility and green marketing approach. The theoretical method was used for sampling until the theoretical saturation was reached and finally 14 people were interviewed. Data analysis was performed through coding in three stages open, axial, and selective coding. From the results of data coding, 83 concepts, and 26 categories were identified. The research model according to the dimensions of the data-based approach, causal conditions (acceptance of social responsibilities, social culture, public acceptance of social activities, health orientation in business, and responsibility of community members), the main phenomenon (healthy production, environmental protection, implementation of social responsibility, environment-based marketing And social marketing), contextual conditions (business environment, customer's brand image, trust in organic brands and affiliation with organic brands), intervening factors (adherence to ethics, customer payments and value of organic products), strategies (respect for stakeholders' rights, Customer relationship management, green marketing development, social action transparency, and brand equity) and outcomes (improved green and organic purchasing, customer satisfaction, sustainable business development, and business success) were presented.

The issue of employing young managers in the country’s management system has been a serious concern for many years. In the meantime, some experts believe that the country’s current management system is not ready for the presence of young people and that the current mechanism is more substitute-oriented than successor-oriented. The purpose of the present study was to design a comprehensive model of managerial succession in Iranian organizations. The current research is fundamental in terms of its purpose, and a qualitative method and a meta-synthesis approach were used to carry it out. For this purpose, all the qualitative studies conducted inside the country that dealt with the issue of surrogacy were selected as samples and then they were analyzed using the seven-step model of Sandelowski and Barroso (2006) and MAXQDA 2020 software. The results extracted from 54 chosen studies showed that the effective dimensions on the succession process include five organizational, managerial, individual, institutional and cultural dimensions, which include mechanisms, processes, policy making, evaluation, consequences, human resource management, leadership, skills, personality and job characteristics, resource conflict, legal and ethical issues have been observed in them. Also, among the approved indicators, indicators of intra-organizational support, evaluation of people's performance and capability, evaluation of the succession process, determination of key jobs, talent pool, job qualification conditions, career path, determination of policies, succession committee and competence gap analysis were the most important indicators.

While the closed-loop supply chain network was created launch, to design, and exploit the flow of materials between chain centers, supply chains face different risks, including operational ones and disruption. Each of such risks can lead to irreparable damage. Therefore, designing or redesigning supply chains to make them resilient against different risks is one of the most important programs that potentially affect the supply chain’s performance. The purpose of this research  is to design a resilient closed-loop supply chain network under the operational risks and disruption conditions by the Mulvey approach in Tehran's food industry companies with multi-products.
In this research, the problem of the resilient closed-loop supply chain is considered as a network of nodes (production sites) that are connected by arcs (paths). The model is formulated as an integer programming, the objective function of which involves maximizing the number of nodes in estimating demand and minimizing costs based on a series of scenarios developed by the Mulvey approach.
In the practical phase, first, a closed-loop supply chain consisting of 10 manufacturers, 300 distributors, and two types of products was considered for modeling. Then, three more important scenarios with probabilities of 0.3, 0.2, and 0.5 were developed to present different amounts of customer demand and facilities capacity depending on the number of disruptions. Solving the problem for the multi-product food companies, using the LP metric model showed that despite no disruption in the supply chain, the robust optimal solutions for the first and second objective functions were equal to 99.484 and 790.50, respectively. In terms of manufactured products; in the first node, the amounts of products 1 and 2 did not change for the first and second scenarios but changed by 1.4 and 2.5 units in the third scenario. In the third node, the amount of product 1 did not change for the first scenario, but for the second and third scenarios, it changed by 10.60 and 6.8, respectively. The amount of product 2 did not change for the first and third scenarios but changed by 7.7 for the second scenario. In the 10th node, the amounts of products 1 and 2 did not change for the second scenario, but the amount of product 1 changed by 2.8 and 2.3 for the first and third scenarios. In addition, the amount of product 2 changed by 10.3 and 2.8 for the first and third scenarios, respectively. In the other nodes, the amounts of the products did not change. For both of the products in different nodes, except in nodes 4, 6, 7, and 9, and product 1 in node 8, some problems had to be fixed.
According to the findings, developing the proposed model reduces operational risks and disruption as the most important causes of inefficiency in the supply chain. So, it is necessary to design robust and resilient supply chains in all industries, especially in the food industry due to its significance.

What experienced today is a huge shift from material resources to knowledge. Physical and financial assets are now necessary but insufficient to achieve the goals of the organization. Instead, knowledge, technology settings, good customer relations, information systems, etc., which constitute the intellectual capital of the organization, are recognized as the key factors of success in the information age. It believed that intellectual capital, including human capital and structural capital, has an increasing role in the performance of the company and is effective on its financial achievements such as market value, profitability, productivity, etc. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between tendencies to the market is in line with the creation and development of new products on the financial performance of Iran Dairy Industries Company (Pegah). In terms of implementation method, this research is a descriptive research from the correlation branch and from the survey group and is cross-sectional in terms of time. 15 production companies and 5 sales areas of Iran Dairy Industries Company (Pegah) were considered as the research community . The results showed that the market orientation from the sub-section of innovation strategy in the direction of the tendency to create new products has an impact on the financial performance of the company and this effect is significant.

Given the agricultural potential of Iran on one hand, and the shortages in Russia's fruit and vegetable supply, along with its expanding vegetable market on the other, Russia has become a major market for Iranian exporters of fruits and vegetables. The aim of this study was to identify and rank strategies and tactics for the development of fruit and vegetable exports to the Russian market. The research followed a developmental-applied approach in terms of goals, and employed a descriptive survey using an exploratory mixed method. The statistical population consisted of experts and fruit and vegetable exporters to Russia, who were sampled using the purposive snowball technique. The qualitative phase included 20 participants, while the quantitative phase involved 100 individuals. The qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis to derive strategies and tactics, which were then ranked in the quantitative phase using the TOPSIS technique. Two strategies, namely entry and sustainable presence, were identified for the development of fruit and vegetable exports, along with 28 corresponding tactics. Finally, the top ranks were assigned to fixing regulations, establishing incentives, and stabilizing the exchange rate.

Organic products are important factors in the case of commitment to corporate social responsibility in the field of green marketing to develop the Commitment of business system to environmental issues. The study aimed at presenting and testing social responsibility of companies in the field of green marketing from the perspective of Consumers of organic products with an emphasis on brand dependence. The research was an applied research and it was of mixed and exploratory type. Statistical population of the qualitative consisted of an all customers of organic products in Tehran city which according to the Krejcie-Morgan table, 385 people were Surveyed. Data analysis was also done using structural equation modeling and PLS software According to the findings obtained in qualitative data coding, A total of 325 Concepts were extracted which were classified into 85 categories. According to the categories (22 main Categories) in the model, regarding database approach, the research model was presented. Also, quantitative analysis showed that causal conditions affect the main phenomenon, namely social responsibility in the field of green marketing of organic products. Social responsibility affects strategies in the field of green marketing, background conditions and intervener conditions. In addition, these strategies also affect the consequences of the model.

The aim of this study was to present the model of social responsibility in the field of green marketing of organic products with emphasis on brand dependence. The research is qualitative and the research method is based on grounded theory. The tool used to collect the data was an interview. The statistical population of the study included managers and experts of companies producing organic products with a social responsibility and green marketing approach. The theoretical method was used for sampling until the theoretical saturation was reached and finally 14 people were interviewed. Data analysis was performed through coding in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. From the results of data coding, 83 concepts and 26 categories were identified. Research model was presented according to the dimensions of the grounded theory approach, i.e. causal conditions (5 factors), main phenomenon (5 factors), contextual conditions (3 factors), intervention factors (3 factors), strategies (6 factors) and consequences (4 factors).

Urban branding is a strategy that gives the city an unforgettable identity and is a tool that can deliver the city's core value quickly. The present study designs and tests the urban brand creation model (Case study: Preser and Bandar Anzali cities of Guilan province). The findings and results of the qualitative and quantitative data analysis are presented in two parts. The first part deals with the qualitative findings and the second part deals with the quantitative results. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the research includes urban managers, cultural and tourism heritage managers, environmental managers, tourism activists, academic elites in the field of urban brand creation and 15 samples were completed. Statistical population includes urban, tourism and cultural heritage managers as well as people or people visiting the prestigious cities of Bandar Anzali using Morgan table and sample size of 384 people. The qualitative findings of the study include causal factors, main phenomena or categories, confounding factors, strategy, contextual factors, and outcomes. The quantitative findings of the final research model showed that all factor loads were statistically significant, welfare services ranked first and tourism attractions ranked last.

The issue of selecting suppliers and prioritizing them is always one of the most important actions of various companies, including car manufacturer companies. Because these companies need a lot of parts to produce car, they have one of the most complex supply chains. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to prioritize the performance of automotive industry’s agile suppliers based on agile indicators with a combined approach of confirmatory factor analysis & TOPSIS method.

The present study is accounted of applied research type according to the purpose and of descriptive research type in terms of data collection. It is also in the category of quantitative research based on dealing with the problem. In this research, a model was desigsned to identify criteria and sub-criteria by reviewing the research literature and theoretical framework. First and second-order confirmatory factor analysis was used to validate the model & TOPSIS was used to rank suppliers. The statistical society of the research in the first part, i.e. confirmatory factor analysis, is supply chain scope’s experts and specialists and in The ranking section also the opinions of 13 experts is used.

In the confirmatory factor analysis section, between seven criteria and seventeen sub-criteria, in the first order confirmatory factor analysis section, all sub-criteria were approved regarding the factor load and significant numbers. In the second-order factor analysis section also, regarding that standard estimation coefficients and significant numbers were in a suitable range, therefore, all the criteria (Use of technology, Strong supplier relationships, updated and improvement method, clearness, partners’ features capability, process capability, process capability, flexibility) were approved. It should be noted that in this section, the criterion of continuous updated and improvement method had the highest coefficient and the partners’ features capability had the lowest coefficient. Finally, also in the TOPSIS section,10 suppliers were prioritized according to the opinions of experts and specialists.

The present paper aims to achieve a suitable model for predicting the behavior of major currency pairs in the Forex market based on the chaos theory and a hybrid algorithm.

This is an applied research study. The statistical population of the current study included the major currency pairs present in the Forex market having the largest trading shares (dollars, pounds, euros, and yen). The population comprised a total of 3,888 views i.e. 1,296 views for each currency pair. The trading period lasted from the beginning of January 2017 until the end of 2021. After examining the data and establishing the existence of chaos among the data, using two BDS tests and Lyapunov maximum view, three combined models were tested to achieve the best and most reliable status.

According to the results obtained from the BDS test and the maximum view of Lyapunov, there was chaos in the data of the three examined currency pairs. In addition, the chaos model with perceptron multilayer and elite non-dominant sorting genetic algorithm performed better than other models in this study. The values ​​of the Tails inequality coefficient and DM test statistics also indicated the hybrid superiority of the chaos model with perceptron multilayer and elite non-dominant genetic sorting algorithm.

The results proved the chaos model with perceptron multilayer and elite non-dominant sorting genetic algorithm to be superior to the other two hybrid models.