محمدحسن ناجی زاده

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is secreted by cardiac myocytes and it`s plasma concentration often increases in patients with cardiovascular disease in response to blood volume expansion and stretching of cardiac chambers. Increase in plasma concentration of ANP (CpANP) has been proved in humans with cardiac diseases and horses with left-sided valvular disease. This study aimed to investigate plasma ANP level in horses with pulmonic valve regurgitation and its association with echocardiographic parameters. Clinical and echocardiographic examinations were performed on several jumping horses in the equestrian clubs of Tehran, Iran. 11 horses with pulmonic valve regurgitation were identified by echocardiographic examination and were included in the case group (Group A), and 14 healthy horses were taken as the control group (Group B). Then, B-Mode, M-Mode and doppler echocardiographic parameters were measured and compared between the two groups. Blood samples from jugular vein were collected in tubes and were transferred to laboratory.CpANP was measured by Sandwich ELISA method using a horse specific kit.CpANP of horses in group1 and group2 were 6.39±2.87pg/ml and 4.78±2.45 pg/ml respectively, but no significant differences were observed.Except for right ventricular internal diameter, other echocardiographic parameters were not significantly different between the two groups.CpANP was significantly correlated to systolic right ventricle length and left ventricular width. In conclusion no significant differences were observed between CpANP of healthy horses and horses with pulmonic regurgitation. Based on the Correlation between CpANP and right ventricle length, an elevation in CpANP might be expected in severe pulmonic regurgitation with change in ventricle`s dimensions.

Analyzing the synovial fluid is one of the common methods to diagnose the articular problems to detect the stage and express the prognosis. Such gross، cytological، and biochemical analysis of synovial fluids can aid in the diagnosis of various joint diseases. Normal values for synovial fluid in the camels have been described previously; however، there are no reports regarding concentr-ation of acute phase proteins and inflammatory cytokines in camelids synovial fluid. Hence، the present study tried to compare the synovial fluid inflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins in clinically healthy and arthritic tarsal joints of dromedary camels. 46 male dromedary camels، 5 to 10 years old، were used in this study. 33 camels did not have any clinical articular abnormalities while 13 camels had gross articular problems such as lameness and swollen tarsal joints. Collecting the synovial fluids was extracted from the healthy and arthritic tarsal joints immediately after slaughter. Then، the concentration of haptoglobin، serum amyloid A، tumor necrosis factor-alpha، and interferon-gamma were measured in samples. Concentration of all measured parameters in arthritic joints were significantly higher than clinically healthy joints (p<0. 05). The synovial fluid concentration of serum amyloid A، haptoglobin، tumor necrosis factor-alpha، and interferon-gamma were 5. 379، 4. 285، 25. 503، and 1. 904 times higher in arthritic joints than normal joints، respectively. The articular inflammatory processes can increase the synovial fluid concentration of acute phase proteins and inflammatory cytokines. Information about the normal values of these parameters and their changing patterns may help camel rearing systems during arthrititis by assessing the health status of joints in the camels; in addition، the information about normal values can be diagnostically valuable when considering diseased animals.