محمدعلی سنگبر

Blockchain technology has brought about significant changes in the legal field over the recent years. Decentralized justice platforms have attracted a lot of attention thanks to their goal of increasing individuals’ access to legal services and providing widespread access to justice. However, using decentralized dispute resolution systems instead of traditional centralized systems necessitates a thorough examination of the opportunities and threats of this technology, given the high importance of the judiciary. This study aims to identify and rank the potential advantages and drawbacks of implementing blockchain technology within the judiciary. The study sample comprises a targeted group of information technology professionals from the judiciary. First, the benefits and challenges associated with using blockchain technology were examined comprehensively through a review of current literature. Then, significant indicators were identified using the fuzzy Delphi and ranked through the interpretive structural modeling. Results revealed that the security and accuracy of data processing, limitations on the number of transactions within a blockchain network, network security, interactivity of blockchain networks, disruption of communication due to cyber-attacks, high storage requirements, maintenance and support, data accessibility, and lack of public trust pose serious obstacles to implementing blockchain technology within the judiciary.

Petrochemical industry is one of the leading industries in the field of oil and gas in the country, which has a significant role in completing the chains of value creation in this field. Today, given the fact that sustainable development and, consequently, sustainable adaptation in supply chain management have become a social demand, the development of the petrochemical industry in the country and the penetration of global markets require the adaptation of sustainable development approaches in this industry. The purpose of this study is to identify, assess and analyze enablers that facilitates the achievement of sustainable development goals in the petrochemical supply chain. In order to achieve the research objectives, first by using Meta-Synthesis Method, the previous studies in the field of sustainable supply chain management investigated and the main factors and components that enable sustainable supply chain management have identified. Then, according to the Graph Theory and Matrix Approach (GTMA), the Supply chain management enablers have been analyzed. Based on the research findings, sustainable supply chain management enablers in the petrochemical industry was divided into components related to corporate governance, supply chain management, continuity of supply chain, supply chain characteristics, partnership in supply chain, and employees. The components related to continuity of the supply chain were the first priorities of planning in the petrochemical industry.

Today, sustainable global value chain management is recognized as one of the prominent dimensions of global companies' competitiveness. Managers need a framework for strategic analysis, policy-making and decision-making with a sustainable development approach in order to adopt appropriate policies for the transition from a traditional value chain to a sustainable global value chain and to respond to stakeholder demands and external pressures. The purpose of this study is to identify and extract the appropriate strategic components for enabling global value chain management to achieve sustainability. Due to the scope of the research literature on various aspects of global value chain stability, the meta-synthesis method has been used in this research. Based on the research results, 171 components were identified and extracted, which are presented in the form of 40 themes and 8 categories, which are considered as components of the sustainable value chain management enabling model. The extracted categories are: drivers of sustainable value chain management development, external pressures, sustainable value chain management enablers, sustainable value chain management acts, social results of sustainable value chain management, environmental results of sustainable value chain management and economic results of sustainable value chain management.

The purpose of this study is to develop and improve the multilayer fuzzy cognitive maps in structuring and analysis of problems with high dimensions by providing a quantitative framework.

In this study, the Self-Organizing Map method and Graph Theory and Matrix Approach has been combined in the multilayer fuzzy cognitive maps approach. Based on this approach, problem structuring is done by clustering and creating a multilayer structure for cognitive mapping.

The developed method in the present study has been used to analyze the problem of sustainable supply chain management achievement in the petrochemical industry. According to the results of data analysis based on the presented approach, "cooperation in the supply chain", "organizational development" and "management commitment to sustainable development" are the most effective factors in enabling sustainable supply chain management.

Based on the method presented in the present study, the problem is modeled by clustering components and creating a multilayer structure for cognitive mapping. The method presented in the present study can model problems with a large number of intervening variables. The proposed method in this study can model problems with a high number of variables.

Today, due to increasing competition and dynamism of economy and business activities, adopting a strategic approach to supply chain management and supplier selection is undeniable necessity. Suppliers are one of the most vital parts of supply chain and supplier selection issues are complex issues that may have many qualitative and quantitative concerns. The presented frameworks in the previous research are unable to response dynamism strategic and provide an appropriate framework, in this study, strategic cooperation approaches and supplier selection criteria have combined. For this purpose, components of cooperation strategies and supplier selection criteria have been counted and based on quality function deployment approach, the relationship between them has been specified. Finally, using fuzzy TODIM method, strategic weight of criteria has been obtained. in this study, because of expert oriented data, the non-sampling method is used for gathering data. The statistical population consist of supply chain experts and managers of Yazd Alloy Steel corporation. For analyzing data, a the oretical sampling was used and a non-statistical sample including ten experts was selected. As a result, a strategic supplier selection framework and strategic weight of every component, were determined. The results of data analysis show that among the 20 criteria, five criteria including "product quality", "strategic planning", "History of suppliers", "risk prediction" and "R & D Management" are in the first to fifth priorities in terms of importance respectively.

Abstract As one of the approaches developed in the framework of soft modeling, fuzzy cognitive mapping has the ability to model the problems with complex and ambiguous nature in the form of causal relationships and provide a quantitative analysis of the problem for decision makers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effective elements in adopting sustainable supply chain management in the petrochemical industry using fuzzy cognitive map method. The petrochemical industry has a major role in developing value chain in the oil and gas fields. Considering that sustainable adaptation in supply chain management has become a social demand, the development of petrochemical industry in the country and penetrating global markets requires adaptation of sustainable development approaches in this industry. In order to achieve the goal of the research, the effective elements in the stabilization adaptation in the supply chain were extracted using the Meta Synthesis method and then by using the fuzzy cognitive map methodology, the structure of sustainable supply chain was developed. Finally, each component was analyzed in the framework of this structure. Therefore, resource sharing, commitment to sustainability, commitment to sustainable development and awareness of supply chain members respectively have the greatest impact on sustainability in the petrochemical industry supply chain.   Introduction Exacerbating environmental issues, increasing social concerns, as well as regulations by governments, forced companies to adapt to the components of sustainable development in their supply chain (Garg et al, 2017). Lack of sustainability at the lower levels of the supply chain leads to negative advertisements against company products (Wilhelm et al., 2016), Because of this , the extension of sustainability concept in supply chain management has become a strategy to improve company performance and enhance its competition (Chardine-Baumann & Botta-Genoulaz, 2014). For achieving sustainability through supply chain management, companies need to adopt appropriate strategies (Tseng et al., 2015) and to implement these strategies, they need a framework to match their plans and activities. In today’s highly competitive environment, managers faced a lack of a decision framework to address sustainability issues (Zhang et al., 2018). Due to having the largest hydrocarbon reserves in the world (ranked first in gas reserves and third in oil reserves), Iran is in an exceptional position in the field of oil and gas (BP Annual Report, 2013). The petrochemical industry is one of the downstream industries in the field of oil and gas which Iran has a competitive advantage in this scope, due to access to raw, educated labor and regional markets. Studies show that Iran has 2.4 percent of global production in the petrochemical industry (Ilias, 2011). Nevertheless, studies show that in 2016, the country's neglected capacity to produce petrochemicals was over 45 million tons (Ghasemi & Nadiri, 2016). Since the successful conduct of oil and gas projects have a significant impact on the economy, increase competitiveness, protect the environment, increase production, improve quality, increase productivity and reduce costs have become as the mission and objectives of the company’s that active in Iran's oil and gas field (Ilias, 2011). Therefore, extending the sustainable development concept in the petrochemical industry is one of the competition requirements. Sustainability adaptation in the supply chain requires attention to the various factors that are effective in driving the supply chain towards sustainability and play a role in determining which organization is required to achieve sustainability. Identifying and analyzing these elements is necessary to achieve sustainable supply chain management and there is a fundamental need for their identification in various industries (Diabat et al, 2014). Based on this, the main purpose of the present research is to use the Fuzzy Cognitive Maps approach to achieve the structure of the relationships between the factors that effective on adopting the sustainable development concept in petrochemical supply chain management and analysis them. Case study The statistical population of the research is senior and middle managers of the National Petrochemical Company. Sampling is based on Delphi method. Since the purpose of the research is not to generalize the results, a targeted sampling method has been used to select the sample. The criteria for selecting experts are theoretical knowledge, practical experience, willingness and ability to participate in research and access. Materials and Methods In order to achieve the research objectives, based on Meta Synthesis method, the past studies were systematically studied and the components of the sustainable supply chain management enabling were identified, extracted and classified. Then, based on the Fuzzy Cognitive Maps methodology, the enabler components were structured and analyzed. Discussion and Results In order to identify and extration sustainable supply chain management enablers, firstly, past studies over the period 2010-2018 have been investigated based on Meta Synthesis methodology and effective components on adopting sustainability to supply chain management have been identified. Then, by collaboration with one of the university's experts, the identified components were categorized as enablers. As a result, 23 effective components have been identified for sustainability adaptation in the supply chain, which were eventually classified as 18 enabler’s factors. In this research, based on the Fuzzy Cognitive Maps capabilities to problem modeling and decision making, the effective components in achieving sustainable supply chain management have been analyzed. Based on the analysis of causal structure of sustainable supply chain management enablers, the components of “resource sharing between partners in the supply chain”, “the commitment of partners to sustainability”, “commitment to sustainable development”, and “the awareness of supply chain members on sustainability” has the most impact on the sustainability adopting in the petrochemical supply chain. Conclusion According to research results in order to achieve a sustainable supply chain, it is suggested that petrochemical industry managers focus on policies that enhance the level of cooperation between companies in the supply chain. Adopting policies such as strategic partnerships with supply chain members, joint ventures, and partnerships in profit and loss can help to develop cooperation in the supply chain and its continuity. Also, in order to develop Fuzzy Cognitive Maps application, it is suggested that the dynamic properties of this method be used in problem analysis by using the fit function. In addition, it is suggested to use a Multilayer Fuzzy Cognitive Maps for analysis of bulky issues.

Today in the industry, supervisors play a critical role in helping organizations and causes to the change of the world, well-directed and to achieve their desired objectives. Iran is one of the largest oil and gas producer countries, and oil, gas and petroleum products in the country is excellent. In oil and gas companies, supervisors as a liaison between management and employees, have a prominent role in the achieving mission and goals of the Company's oil and gas production. In this study, we tried to consider safety competency model, and identify the components of the model in terms of the importance of the oil and gas industry and rank the most important components in the institutionalization of a culture of safety. It should be noted that in this study, to analyze data, theory prospect is used. According to the results of the application of the fuzzy prospect theory, judgment and decision-making criteria for supervisors ranked as first priority and team working and communication were in the second and third priorities.

In Yazd Alloy Steel Corporation, due to high volume production and number of employees, management competency is important. Moreover, according to the effect of financial and physical damages due industrial accident on company performance, attention to safety management competency have been so necessary. In this study, using the model that proposed by Chang et al. key competencies of the industrial safety managers have been investigated. Theory sampling has been used to collect data. Therefore to determine the priority of competencies the questionnaires were distributed between 10 safety , health and environment directors and based on Fuzzy Prospect Theory, Multi Attribute Decision Making called Fuzzy Todim, data has been analysed. According to the research results , the ability to identify the social and psychological risks , project management, health and safety and environment, the ability to identify environmental risks have preference in order to planning for enhancement. The results can help the factory managers in developing training programs to upgrade the skills of staff safety , health and environment.

Considering the importance of quality services, the study attempted to analyze the quality of municipal services strategy in Yazd. The population of this study, including all client of the area three municipality .of Yazd city from this population, 111 clients were selected to answer the questionnaire. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts point of views and the reliability was confirmed regarding coefficient alpha equal to 79/0.The present study, combined the Boston Consulting Group matrix model and Servperf model as a strategic tool to reveal that according to the five dimensions of service quality, the organization how extent has succeeded in customer satisfaction. It also is trying to determine the status of the organization in relation to service quality dimensions. The results of data analysis indicate that, the dimensions of accountability, service assurance and reliability is located in question mark region. In other words, the effect of improving the quality of service in these dimensions is important, but the level of service quality in low.

Rail accident statistics show that over a wide range of hazards and risks that threaten the country's rail industry And because human beings are involved in the construction and operation of most systems, this is the role of humans in systems analysis, is considered a critical role. Due to the important part of any organization's human capital, under the supervision and control of the force, It is necessary to maintain safety organization guardians competence in guiding behavior and control conditions were concentrated. So the aim of this study is identifying the most important components of competency model. According to result of this study, Technical skills of human resource in railway industry is the most important component in addition, leadership and autority are the next priorities.

Identifying the consumer expectation and perception of service quality is a major step in codifying quality planning. But perfect analysis in this subject according to the strategic nature of service quality is most important. Providing a suitable structure for the service quality is a fundamental necessity. The purpose of this study is to provide a model for developing and evaluating programs to improve the municipality of Yazd service quality. The population of this study is the consumers of the municipality of Yazd. Data analysis is carried by combining SERVQUAL model and the SWOT model using fuzzy gray relation analysis. In accordance with the results of data analysis، dimensions of accountability، reliability and assurance of service quality was identified as an opportunity to improve the service quality.

In recent decades، due to the complexity of the environment، interorganizational collaboration has become the major source of competitive advantage for firms. Researches suggested that many of these partnership structures will meet failure in long term. Accordingly، this study based on system dynamics method was investigated the critical success factors of strategic alliances in the ceramics and tile industry cluster of Yazd province. The goal of this study is to develop the relationship structure between these factors and provide a model to analyze the decision of partnership. According to the research literature، relational capital such as commitment، collaborative approach، mutual trust and satisfaction was emphasized as the critical success factors of strategic alliances. In this research after drawing casual and flow diagrams، scenarios investigated. As the result of this survey، it is denoted that alliances administrators must warranted alliances success by focusing on conflict resolution in short time planning.