فهرست مطالب مرجان سلیمان پور

The spread of the corona virus is one of the most important challenges in the world today, and the epidemic of this virus has affected all sections of society, including universities. As with any challenge, the coronavirus epidemic has posed many threats and opportunities for universities and the academic community. This crisis has led the scientific community to gain valuable experience in electeronic learning and be ready to enter a new era of teaching in new ways, including learning in three-dimensional spaces. Culture and art are also linked to education, and this can be the beginning of a move towards global integration in the education process. In recent months, many conferences have also been held virtually, which have been widely welcomed. Global policies have also taken measures to increase the budget for applied sciences so that, the National Science Foundation's budget is shifting from $ 8 billion a year to $ 40 billion. On the other hand, the Covid-19 epidemic has attracted the attention of researchers in various fields and it has changed the direction of world-wide research towards the basic sciences and finding solutions to treat this virus. This will pose a budget problem for some other research areas. Many universities around the world have also faced a number of problems due to the cyberspace approach, including declining enrollment of international students and lack of funding, and this has threatened the lives of some universities. Now, more than eight months after the onset of the coronavirus epidemic, universities around the world have made valuable arrangements to maintain and enhance their educational goals and to adapt more and more to this global crisis. Given the above, in this article we look at these valuable approaches globally. It is hoped that by taking advantage of scientific participation and transferring useful experiences at the global level, we can turn this threat into an opportunity to improve and enhance the level of science and awareness in the country.

Sleep is a very important phase of life that the detoxification of the body occurs in this phase. The exact quantity of sleep required varies according to the age of the individual, and determining the amount of time needed per person depends on the physiological characteristics of the individual's body. In general, good sleep is for sleeping at about 8 hours, which occurs at about 9 or 10 in the evening until 5 in the morning. The reason for this phenomenon is that the recovery mechanisms and the processes for producing the necessary hormones and antioxidants are initiated, processed and completed at this interval. The melatonin hormone is produced during the sleep process and is known as the sleep hormone. Melatonin is an antioxidant that produces it in a good, timely manner. Also, in the absence of this hormone, people will endure problems such as stress, anxiety, rapid aging and diabetes. Insomnia is associated with an increase in the incidence of diabetes and its complications. Having distress sleep or poor quality sleep, such as confusion at the beginning of sleep or maintaining its association, increases the risk of impaired glucose levels and, as a consequence, increases the risk of developing diabetes type-2. Therefore, getting used to healthy sleep (quality sleep) can help to prevent various diseases. Improving the health of the community requires people to know how to modify the sleep program and adjust the body's biological clock.

The effect of addition of Qodumeh shahri (Lepidium perfoliatum) seed gum on the emulsion properties were investigated in this study. L. perfoliatum seed gum with 0-0.6% (w/w) concentration was used together with 2% (w/w) WPC to emulsify 20% (w/w) corn oil. The emulsion was analyzed for emulsion stability, particle size, specific surface area, particle size distribution and rheological properties. The mean particle size of emulsion decreased by increase in Qodume shahri seed gum up to 0.2% (w/w). Further increase in gum concentration had no significant effect on mean particle size of emulsion. Moreover, increase in gum concentration had no significant effect on particle size distribution (span) and specific surface area (m²/ml) of the emulsions. The rheological data indicated that increase in gum concentration significantly affected the viscosity, consistency coefficient (k) and flow behavior index (n) of the emulsions. Viscosity and consistency coefficient increased by increasing gum concentration. However, the flow behavior index decreased by the increase in Qodume shahri gum concentration. The flow behaviors of emulsions containing gum were well predicted by Herschel–Bulkley model (R2 > 0.99). While, in absence of gum, emulsion Showed Newtonian behavior.