مریم عدلی

Today, followers (employees) play an important vital role in the effectiveness of the leadership process in organizations. Which appears in any educational activity and its important effects on the phenomenon of education in any society is inevitable. Studies show that the focus of most research has been on the concepts of educational leadership, behaviors and characteristics of leadership. There is insufficient and comprehensive research on the role of followers (employees) and their characteristics in educational organizations. Therefore, the present study seeks a new approach and citing Quranic verses through the type of interactions of followers with the best models and educational guides - divine messengers - and with the method of qualitative research of the documentary type and using the method of content analysis and purposeful sampling. In Quranic verses, while explaining the position of followers in the leadership process and referring to the study of followers' typologies, identify the dimensions and characteristics of followers (employees) in educational organizations. Findings of the research indicate the fact that the dimensions and characteristics of the followers include 9 dimensions: Faith with 9 subcategories and 54 characteristics, Obedience to the command of God and His Messenger (leader) with 12 characteristics, Continuous remembrance of God and worshiping God and praying with 6 characteristics, Tavalli and Tabari (in intergroup interactions; employees with themselves) with 6 characteristics, Continuous effort for self-growth and excellence with 7 characteristics, Justice with 6 characteristics, Moderation with 5 characteristics, Lessons from predecessors with 2 characteristics, Establishing good and effective verbal communication with 3 characteristics.

Human beings are born free and autonomous. He is the best creature and highest sign of God's infinite power and because of the great points, he is prone to qualification to all the attributes and divine perfection by their free will, with the right training and education can benefit from the patterns to be close to God. In this regard, best mentors and training guides are messengers of God and the infallible Imams who create the holy knowledge of God in human. They could provide the holy knowledge in the areas of growth, guidance and human perfection circulations. This study seeks to documentary methods and the use of inductive content analysis Quayspractices, and taking into account the will and authority of the principles and methods of education from the point of view of Imam Reza(AS) pay.The findings reflect the fact that two dimensions: 1. The reasoning and thinking with the following categories (insight, thinking, Contemplation, etc.) 2. Learning with the following categories (truth-seeking, problem-solving, question and answer, welcomed the opposition, etc.) will be considered as the most important principles and methods to the basis of Authority and will.

Appointing a competent and effective manager is a new way of thinking about how organizations gain high performance, and which may increase rigidity in the pattern of activity that the organization can or does perform. Competent and qualified managers help in better activity of the working process in each organization. The theory of competent based strategy management is an integrative strategy theory that incorporates the development of economic and social status as well as the culture of nations. Therefore, applicability of a systematic general framework in appointing a competent manager is of vital importance. The present article attempts to bring into focus the concept of competent and qualified managers through descriptive and content analysis. The personal qualifications of competent managers from Imam Ali's (PBUH) point of view in Nahjulbalagha have been studied. This article shows that the following characteristics are among the qualities of competent managers:Over coming anger, decisiveness, secrecy, concealment of fault, conciliation, fulfilling promises. These qualifications are of utmost significance in view of jurists and management.

One of the most important and essential matters and duties of Islamic government is to select and appoint directors in different executive and administrative levels because the most important factor in the continuance of a regime is wisdom and competence of its managers. With educated and meritorious managers at the head of organizations, the quality of their activities would be increased. Because competent managers are the main part in economical, social and cultural developments, selection and appointmentof people at different levels of organizations should be based on some criteria so that the most suitable persons are chosen and do organizational duties.This project has tried to make clear the meaning of merit, and study the criteria of selecting and appointing competent managers based on the eloquent words of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) in Nahjolbalagheh by using content analysis methods. These criteria include ideological criteria, groundwork criteria and specialized criteria which are originated from Islamic world view.