فهرست مطالب مریم قضایی

This study tries to investigate the relationship between sexual guilt, depression, loneliness, religious orientation and the intensity of masturbation in single students of "Shandiz Institute of Higher Education". The research method is "descriptive correlational". The statistical population was the unmarried students of one of the higher education institutions of Mashhad city in the academic year of 2018-2019. A sample of 179 students who had masturbated at least once were selected from this institute by the "available sampling" method. Subjects were asked to fill out Mosher's "Sex Guilt" questionnaire (SGQM), Beck's "Depression" scale (BDI), DiTomaso and Spiner's "Emotional and Social Loneliness of Adults" scale (SELSA), Allport's "Religious Orientation" questionnaire (AROS) and researcher-made “intensity of masturbation” questionnaire. The data was analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and simultaneous regression analysis. According to the results of the regression analysis, depression, external religion, and loneliness have a positive and significant relationship with the intensity of masturbation, and sexual guilt has a negative and significant relationship with the intensity of masturbation in single students.

Aim of this present study was investigating the effect of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms on job performance with meditation of quality. The research method was descriptive correlational. The research population consisted of 400 employees of Iran Khodro Mashhad Company, which according to Morgan table, 196 people were randomly selected. Questionnaires were used to collect data were Adult ADHD Rating Scale (Barkley, 2011), Job Performance (Paterson, 1970), Quality of Life ( Sheboune & Ware, 1992). The proposed model was evaluated using structural equation modeling using AMOS and SPSS software version 22. The finding showed that the final model has suitable fitness to research data. Direct effect of deficit attention and job performance, attention deficit and life quality, impulsivity and life quality, life quality and performance job were significant (p<0.01). The results of Bootstrap for the intermediate pathways of the final model showed that the indirect effect between the variables of attention deficit and job performance, impulsivity and job performance through mediation life quality was significant (p <0.01).

Considering that fertility has a high value in most cultures, if attempt to get pregnant fails, it may lead to the mental health dysfunction of the person. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim to compare the postpartum fear of childbirth, postpartum symptoms of depression and postpartum PTSD in women with miscarriage, vaginal delivery and cesarean section.

The present study was a causal-comparative description research which was conducted from February 2021 to June 2021 on 300 women who had just given birth and referred to health centers in Mashhad. The tools used in this study were Wijma Delivery Experience Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory and Perinatal PTSD Questionnaire. Fear of childbirth, depression symptoms and postpartum PTSD were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version 22.0) and multivariate analysis of variance test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Postpartum fear of childbirth, symptoms of depression and PTSD in women with miscarriage was significantly higher than women with vaginal delivery and cesarean section (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the vaginal delivery and cesarean delivery groups in terms of postpartum fear of childbirth and postpartum depression (p>0.05). Symptoms of postpartum PTSD was significantly higher in the vaginal delivery group than cesarean group (p<0.05).

Postpartum fear of childbirth, depression and PTSD was higher in women with miscarriage than women with delivery.

Orgasm is a rapid sense of sexual pleasure peak that is usually accompanied by involuntary and rhythmic contractions of the pelvic, abdominal, and anal muscles. Female orgasm can be caused by sexual stimulation of different sexual and asexual parts. Women's ability to reach orgasm varies from not having an orgasm to having multiple orgasms. Orgasmic disorder in women is defined as the frequent and permanent delay or absence of orgasm following a natural stage of sexual arousal associated with stress and interpersonal problems. The aim of this study was to predict the symptoms of orgasmic disorder based on marital satisfaction, body image concern, guilt and sexual autonomy in married women. For this purpose, in a descriptive correlational study, 288 married women referring to cultural centers in Tehran were selected by available sampling method and in terms of sexual autonomy, female sexual function index, guilt feeling, marital satisfaction and concern about Body image were evaluated. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that guilt feeling, marital satisfaction and body image concern are the best predictors of orgasmic symptoms in women, respectively. The results of this study support the relationship between guilt feeling, marital satisfaction and body image with orgasmic disorder syndrome.

Aim: The aim of the current study was the determination of the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in comparison with psycho-education, on the fear of childbirth and its related variables.
Method was quasi-experimental and the statistical population of nulliparous women from Ahvaz was 8000. Among them 54 women who had the entrance criteria for being considered in the research were selected. Selection was based on participants’ availability and they were randomly assigned to three groups of 18 women. Research tools were Wijma, Wijma and Zar’s Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (1998) McCracken and Dhingra’s Pain Anxiety Symptoms (2002), Lowe’s Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory (1993), also nine sessions of 90-minute of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Niminen (2016) and six sessions of 90-minute of psycho-education (Rouhi, Salmela‐Aro, Toivanen, Tokola, Halmesmäki & Saisto, 2013) for two times a week. After removing eight persons due to their absentees in two-thirds of sessions, the data of 46 persons were analyzed by the use of covariance method and comparison of two independent ratios.
Result revealed that Cognitive Behavioural Therapy decreases the fear of childbirth (F= 70.64, P= 0.001), fear of pain (F= 4.25, P= 0.02) and increases the tendency to natural childbirth (Z= 3.12, P= 0.002) and self-efficacy of childbirth (F=108.73, P= 0.001) and its effectiveness on these variables is more than psych education. Psych education only led to the increase of self-efficacy of childbirth (F=108.73, P= 0.001) and a decrease of fear of childbirth (F= 70.64, P= 0.01). The difference in the final frequency of natural childbirth in the experimental group with the control group (Z= 1.56, P= 0.1) and psych education (Z= 0.7, P= 0.4) group was not significant.
Since Cognitive Behavioural Therapy uses behavioural strategies and targets the irrational thoughts of women toward natural childbirth, it leads to the decrease of fear of childbirth and more effective than psychological training in the aforementioned fields.

Over the past decades, the rate of caesarean section has increased in industrialized and developing countries. There are many reasons for the global rise in caesarean section rates, but an important and influential factor is the fear of childbirth. Fear of childbirth itself is created for reasons such as fear of pain and low self-efficacy of childbirth. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on fear of childbirth, fear of pain, self-efficacy of childbirth and tendency toward caesarean section in nulliparous women.
This clinical randomized study was performed on 25 nulliparous women in Mashhad. The subjects were assigned to two groups of case and control. 9 sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy was performed on intervention group by the researcher (clinical psychologist). Wijma fear of childbirth questionnaire, self-efficacy of childbirth questionnaire and fear of pain Scale were used as tools in post and pretest. Women's tendency to mode of delivery was assessed by a question at the beginning of sampling and at the end of treatment. In addition, the final mode of delivery was asked by phone call at the end of pregnancy. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (16 version) and covariance analysis and Fisher exact test. P Fear of childbirth, fear of pain, tendency to cesarean and cesarean rate ere reduced in the intervention group compared with the control group (P Cognitive-behavioral therapy decreases unnecessary cesarean sections by reducing the fear of childbirth, fear of pain and increasing self-efficacy of childbirth.

Pain is an unpleasant sensory experience which occurs in actual or potential physical harm. Exercise is one of the factors affecting pain. The aim of this study is comparison of pain perception, coping strategies with pain and self efficacy of pain in athletes and non-athletes women. Ex post facto method was used on 60 female professional athletes and 60 non-athletes women from students of academic year 2013-14 of Shiraz University who were selected through multi-stage random sampling. The instrument was McGill pain, coping strategies with pain and self efficacy of pain questionnaire. The findings were analyzed through descriptive statistic, Leven Test Multivariate variance analysis using SPSS version 16. Results showed that female athletes in comparison with non-athletes women have lower pain perception (P=0.003) and high self efficacy of pain (P<0.001). In addition, these women used coping strategies of distraction, reinterpreting the pain, ignoring, hoping or praying, self talking and increase of activity more than others (P<0.001) while female athletes exaggerated their pain less than non-athletes women (P=0.003). This research indicated that exercise affected on pain perception experience, self-efficacy of pain and use of coping strategies with pain among women.