فهرست مطالب مریم مقبول

HER2, a molecular biomarker, is routinely evaluated in breast cancer patients to guide therapeutic decisions. However, the concordance of HER2 status between core-needle biopsy (CNB) and surgical specimen (SS) samples is not always high, potentially affecting the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to review recent studies assessing the agreement of HER2 status between CNB and SS samples in breast cancer patients.

A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases from January 2018 to August 2023 using the keywords: concordance, core needle biopsy, resection, HER2 status. Ten articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected for this review.

The results demonstrated variable concordance rates of HER2 status between CNB and SS samples, ranging from 83.3% to 99.5%. The primary factors influencing discordance were tumor heterogeneity, preoperative treatment, sampling error, and differing testing methods. Discordance was more prevalent in HER2-negative and HER2-low tumors compared to HER2-positive tumors.

The concordance of HER2 status between CNB and SS samples is generally high but not perfect. Therefore, retesting HER2 status on SS samples is recommended to ensure optimal treatment decisions for breast cancer patients.

Male infertility is a multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction between the genetic and environmental factors. Spermatogenic Failure accounts for more than half of male infertility cases. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are the molecular chaperones that are involved in different developmental stages of spermatogenesis. The current study was planned to investigate the role of HSPA1B rs6457452 genetic variants in male infertility.
Material and This case control study was conducted on 516 subjects consisted of 308 patients with idiopathic male infertility and 208 control subjects. After DNA extraction from peripheral blood, genotype determination was done by Tetra-ARMS PCR method. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between the polymorphism and male infertility.
A significant difference was observed in genotype distributions between cases and controls. Results showed individuals with TC (OR=1.552, 95%CI: 1.032-2.334, p=0.035) and TT (OR=2.746, 95%CI: 1.153-6.545, p=0.023) genotype had an increased risk of male infertility. Also, there was a significant association between T allele (OR=1.695, 95%CI: 1.220-2.355, p This study showed for the first time that HSPA1B rs6457452 polymorphism is associated with infertility risk in Iranian men and the T allele may act as a dominant allele for increasing the risk of male infertility.

Hemangiopericytoma is an uncommon vascular tumor derived from the pericytes of Zimmermann. . The most common location of the tumor is pelvic retroperitoneum and musculoskeletal system of the lower extremities. It is rarely seen in the head and neck area. In addition, only 0.8% to 3% of all orbital tumors and less than 5 % of primary sinonasal tumors are primary hemangiopericytoma, which demonstrates that the orbital and sinonasal cavities are rare locations for this tumor.
Case: 2 cases of primary orbital and sinonasal hemangiopericytoma that were successfully treated through surgery were reported.
Hemangiopericytoma is an uncommon vascular tumor which has a potentially malignant behavior. Histopathologic features alone do not predict the biologic behavior of the tumor but the increased cellularity, necrosis, hemorrhage and more than 4 mitotic figures per 10 high power field, may elicit a diagnosis of malignant hemangiopericytoma . The local recurrence and the distant metastasis might also occur with an incomplete excision. The lung, bone and liver are the most common sites of distant metastasis. Thus, the long-term follow-up is recommended after the surgical removal of the tumor.

Molluscum contagiosum is a benign viral infection of the skin in the genital area of adult patients and children’s faces, arms, legs, and trunk. It is spread by direct contact. Lesions are small, flesh-colored, and umbilicated with central cores containing white keratinous material. It is rarely observed in palmar and plantar areas.Case: We present a case of Molluscum contagiosum in the plantar area of a 30-year-old lady as small, painless,nonpruritic and umbilicated papules in the right. By squeezing lesions cheesy materials were pushed out. The diagnosis was made by excisional biopsy. The patient became asymptomatic by surgical excision and cutherizations. Despite the previous opinion that Molluscum contagiosum is based on the synthesis of new hair follicles and only seen in hairy body, it is in fact a viral infection that can affect the whole surface of the body including palmar and plantar area.

Lipoma (a benign tumor composed of adipose tissue) is the most common benign mesenchymal tumors in soft tissue but it is very rare in the parotid gland. Case: We reported a 54 years old man with parotid gland lipoma. Parotid gland lipoma usually originates from the superficial lobe. Superficial parotidectomy has been considered as the choice method of the treatment. lipoma، as a prevalent tumor of the soft tissue، is rarely seen in salivary glands.