مریم موذن

The share of renewable energies, especially wind power, in the energy supply basket of countries, is growing day by day. The electricity produced by wind turbines has the minimum dependency on water consumption and carbon emissions. For this reason, wind power plants are included in the category of green industries. But it should be noted that performing any industrial activity, even in a green industry, can have destructive effects on the surrounding environment. Investigating and identifying the environmental impacts of this type of power plant can play a significant role in developing more effective regulations in locating, constructing, and operating of these power plants, leading to make this industry more greener. In this study, various environmental impacts of wind power plants and the latest countermeasures to reduce these impacts, which were studied in recent references, were summarized. This can create a structure to quantify these adverse effects and make the right decision for the appropriate placement of wind turbines according to the conditions of each region. The investigated impacts are the simultaneous need for fossil power plants, noise pollution, visual impact, death of birds, shadow flickering, change in the ecosystem of the installation site during construction and operation, carbon emissions and the creation of other pollutants in the construction process, recycling at the end-of-life, and the accidents in wind power plants. Finally, the current state of the environmental regulations for the operation of this type of power plant in Iran, and the effectiveness of these policies have been investigated.

Brushless doubly fed reluctance generator (BDFRG) has been recently suggested as a wind generator. Different control methods are presented in literature for the BDFRG, but there is a gap on control under unbalanced grid voltage condition (UGVC). This paper presents a predictive direct power control (PDPC) method for the BDFRG under UGVC. The proposed PDPC method is based on power compensation strategy, and aims to balance the BDFRG current (strategy I), and to remove the electrical torque pulsation (strategy II). The control objectives are defined using the BDFRG positive sequence (PS) and negative sequence (NS) equations. Then, the active power and reactive power variations are predicted to compute the required voltage for the BDFRG control winding. Finally, the BDFRG is controlled by applying the calculated voltage to the control winding. Simulink toolbox of MATLAB software is used to simulate the system model. Both the proposed PDPC method (with strategies I & II) and the original PDPC method (without a compensation strategy) are applied to control of the BDFRG under UGVC, and the results are compared. The results show the good performance of the proposed PDPC method.