فهرست مطالب مسعود شبانی

Studies have shown that Covid-19 infection affects the patient's decision-making processes for radiation therapy. The present study investigated the safety measures and related factors in Yazd Radiotherapy Center in the face of Covid-19 in 2020.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in the autumn of 2020 with the participation of 20 staff (using census method) of the Radiation Therapy Center in Yazd City, Iran. The data were collected using the questionnaire of safety parameters in the face of Covid-19, which was designed by the African Federation of Medical Physics Organizations, and the average score of safety measures was calculated. For descriptive statistics, mean, standard deviation, frequency and frequency percentage were used and internal consistency was determined using Kuder-Richardson 20 (KR-20). Independent Two Sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for inferential statistics. All analyses were performed in SPSS 16 with a significance level of 5%.

In total, 60% (12 people) were female staff, 60% (12 people) were married and the mean (SD) age of the participants was 32.45±6.35) years. The mean (SD) score of safety measures in the face of Covid-19 was 11.3±2.31), which was moderate to high. Kuder Richardson-20 (KR20) was calculated to be 0.69. The results of statistical tests showed that the score of safety measures was not significantly related to demographic variables (P >0.05).

The score of safety measures in the presence of Covid-19 at the radiation therapy center was moderate to high.

In recent decades, radiotherapy has been had a fundamental role in the treatment of cancers.The tumor control probability (TCP) and lowest risk in normal tissue is the aim of radiotherapy techniques. The radiation sensitivity of thyroid glands increases cancer risk of scattering radiation and induces hypothyroidism. In this study, the average thyroid dose due to head and neck radiotherapy in the patients referred to Ramezanzadeh radiotherapy center of Yazd was measured.Dosimetry was achieved by TLD measurement and TPS calculations methods.The results showed that the absorbed dose of thyroid in head and neck radiotherapy and in whole-brain radiotherapy were 4.37 and 0.7 percent of the prescription dose, respectively. The mean of thyroid absorbed dose was less than the tolerance threshold dose.

This work reviews Nobel laureates in medicine and physiology from the time it was initiated up to now. In this paper, after examining the background of Nobel winners in medicine and physiology, an attempt is made to analyze the evolving pattern of winners within the period of quarter of century. More than 80% of the awards in medicine and physiology have been in area of diseases, gene and chromosome, immune system, nervous system, methods and finally innovations in equipment design. In this paper we will examine the nature of the awards given on medicine and physiology and their grouping into five subfields, we will make an attempt to take a deeper look on the quality and particular feature of awards in medicine and physiology during past decade.

Among the various academic awards in the field of physics, the Nobel Prize is considered the most prestigious international award. Since 1901 the Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded once a year by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. There have been a few years in which the Nobel Prize was not awarded, particularly during World War I and II. The Nobel Prize in Physics was not awarded on six occasions: in 1916, 1931, 1934, 1940, 1941, and 1942. It has been awarded 105 times to 192 Nobel Laureates between 1901 and 2011. John Bardeen is the only Nobel Laureate who has been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics twice, in 1956 and 1972. The youngest Nobel Laureate in Physics is Lawrence Bragg, who was 25 years old when he was awarded the Nobel Prize with his father in 1915. Bragg is not only the youngest Physics Laureate; he is also the youngest Nobel Laureate in any Nobel Prize area. The oldest Nobel Laureate inPhysics to date is Raymond Davis, who was 88 years old when he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2002. The United States has won the more Nobel prizes in physics. In Asian countries, only Japan, China, India and Pakistan have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. Among them, Japan is in the 1st place with winning 7 prizes. Mohammad Abdus Salam, Pakistani theoretical physicist is the only Muslim scientist who has been awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. There are only two women in the world who have been won the Nobel Prize in physics.

Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of dermatological conditions characterized by development of bullae and ulcers following trivial trauma. One of the most important complications of EB is squamous cell carcinoma. While occurance of skin squamous cell carcinoma is common in epidermolysis bullosa, its occurence on mucosal surface is rare. Herein, we report two members of a family who developed squamous cell carcinoma on their esophagus and tongue.

Levels of lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) in the cerebrospinal Fluid(CSF) have been used to evaluate a variety of neurologic disorders. However, few studies have been performed on neonates. The aim of this study was to detect levels of this enzyme in normal neonates. Patients and In this descriptive study, CSF samples were collected from 94 febrile infants 46 aged 0-4 weeks and 48 aged 5-8 weeks. These LDH levels were compared to those of 45 febrile infants with mean age of 10±6/2 months who were suspected of nervous system infection and normal CSF findings. Mean total LDH activity in the CSF was significantly higher in the first month of life than in the second month of life as compared with the control group(p<0.001). We propose evaluation of total LDH activity in CSF of normal neonates according to age.