مطهره نواب

This study was carried out on camel milk consumption to improve risk factors of type 1 and 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess effects of camel milk on glycemic indices and blood lipid profiles in patients with metabolic syndrome and type-1 and type-2 diabetes.

To extract original English articles published until May 2023 without limiting the year of publication, Scopus and PubMed databases were searched using the following keywords of “metabolic syndrome” or “type 1 diabetes” or “type 2 diabetes” or “lipid profile” or “insulin” or “fasting blood glucose”  or “HbA1c” and “camel milk”.

From 73 studies, 11 studies were included in the present systematic review .Seven studies assessed fasting blood sugar levels and in three studies, fasting blood sugar levels decreased after consuming camel milk. Moreover, seven studies assessed levels of HbA1c and in four studies, levels of HbA1c decreased significantly. Six studies investigated doses of insulin. In five studies, levels of insulin dose in the camel milk consumption group significantly decreased, compared to the beginning of the study. Furthermore, eight studies assessed the blood levels and in most of these studies, blood profiles changed.

Results of the consumption of camel milk on glycemic indices and blood lipid profiles were contradictory. It is necessary to carry out clinical trial studies with longer times and larger sample sizes.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the consumption of refined and whole grains and the risk of the metabolic syndrome in adults.

In this prospective study, the consumption of whole and refined grains was assessed in 1452 subjects who participated in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome components were defined based on the Adult Treatment Panel criteria. The Cox regression model was used to investigate the relationship between the consumption of various types of cereals and the components of the metabolic syndrome.

The median of whole grains consumption was 121.7 g per day, and the average consumption of refined grains was 202.2 g per day. Refined grains have a significant and positive association with increased serum triglycerides (risk ratio [RR], 1.03; CI, 1.31-2.18), and abdominal obesity (RR, 1.33; CI, 1.02-1.75) blood pressure (RR, 1.33; CI, 1.01-1.75), and reduction of high-density lipoprotein (HDL; RR, 1.52; CI, 1.25-1.84) after adjustment for confounders. The consumption of whole grains had no relationship with the components of the metabolic syndrome.

Reducing the consumption of refined grains can prevent the occurrence of metabolic syndrome components.