فهرست مطالب معصومه یوسفی آذرخانیان

Drought stress is the most important abiotic factor limiting growth in arid and semiarid regions. In this study, the effects of different levels of drought stress on protein content, proline, soluble sugars and the activities of antioxidant enzymes polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase were studied in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.). Ten fennel ecotypes were subjected to two levels of water stress including control (maintained by regular watering at or close to field capacity) and drought stress (irrigation at 40% field capacity), in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Results of the analysis of variance showed significant differences between the ecotypes for all measured traits except proline. Also, drought stress had a significant effect on all the studied traits. The activities of antioxidant enzymes polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase increased in the leaves of all ten ecotypes at stress conditions. Soluble sugar and proline content in most ecotypes showed a significant increase at drought stress level (irrigation at 40% field capacity). Total protein content in all studied ecotypes showed a significant decrease at drought stress level. The results of ecotypes rating using SIIG method showed that ecotypes Khorshidabad and Tatmaj had the highest SIIG in comparison with other ecotypes and these ecotypes were identified as the most tolerant ecotypes. The ecotypes Shirvan, GhaziAntpet and Izmir were also identified as the most sensitive ecotypes to drought, respectively. Results of ecotypes ranking based on SIIG index had full compliance with the results of cluster analysis based on Ti tolerance index.

Salvia L. genus has antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and culinary properties. This genus consists of 55 species including 17 endemic ones in Iran. Out crossing and widespread distribution of Salvia L. genus plants have led to great impact on their morphological variation of ecotypes. This study was conducted for investigating morphological variation as well as characters relationships in nine ecotypes of four species named Salvia. nemorosa, S. spinosa, S. verticillata and S. virgata based on Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications in Agricultural Education Center of Qazvin. Difference among ecotypes was significant at all studied traits. All traits had positive and significant correlation with wet and dry weight of plants. On the other hand the correlation between leaf number and leaf length, leaf width and also the correlation of flower length and leaf and flower number were negative. The results of stepwise regression revealed that flowers and leaves dry weight and then branch number had more effects on total dry weight, respectively. In factor analysis, four primary factors justified 94.9 percent of total variation among characters and the first one named yield factor because of its high coefficients in weighting and numeral traits. Totally the results of this study indicated that genetic differences explained notable variation of characters than environmental effects.