فهرست مطالب ملک سادات نعیمی

Laryngeal tube (LT) and combitube (CT) are among devices used for establishing the airway in patients. This study was done with the purpose of comparing the success rate and duration of intubation when emergency medicine (EM) residents used LT or CT.
In this cross sectional study, carried out in Tabriz, Iran, in 2016, all EM residents of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences were included. Number of attempts and time required for successful intubation via LT and CT and airway management were evaluated for each participant using a manikin.
A total of 52 EM residents in three groups (First Year: 17, Second Year: 16, and Third Year: 19) with the mean age of 36.24 ± 9.21 years participated in this study (61.53% male). All the residents were successful in inserting LT and CT on the first attempt. Mean duration of CT and LT placement in third year residents (7.5 ± 2.01, 6.39 ± 1.21, respectively) was significantly shorter than second year residents (9.25 ± 2.87, 8.06 ± 2.24, respectively) and first year residents (13.06 ± 3.54, 11.76 ± 2.43, respectively). Mean duration of CT placement (9.9 ± 3.15) was significantly greater than LT placement (8.71 ± 2.88) (p Based on the results obtained in the present study, EM residents were successful in LT and CT placement into a manikin on the first attempt. However, time required for placement of LT was shorter than CT.

Although the nerve auto graft still remains the clinical Gold standard in repairing nerve injury gaps, many advances have been achieved to guide regenerating axons across the lesion. Functional recovery after peripheral nerve lesion is depended upon accurate regeneration of axons to their original target tissues. To increase the prospects of axonal regeneration and functional recovery, researches have focused on designing “Nerve guidance channels” or NGCs.NGCs are either natural or synthetic tubular conduits that are used to bridge the gap between injured nerve stumps. This review paper describes peripheal nerve regeneration on NGCs.

The limited availability of donor sites for nerve grafting has continued to stimulate research toward finding suitable alternatives for autograft. The aim of this research was to study the effect of piezoelectric channel and collagen gel on nerve regeneration. This research is an experimental study. Forty eight male rats (200-250 gr) were used. After axotomy, 1cm segment of the sciatic nerve in rats was resected, and the gap was then bridged by one of the four methods (Polyvinylidene fluoride or PVDF + Collagen gel, Autograft, Sham and Control). All animals were evaluated at 7, 21, 35, 46, 60 and 90 days after operation by sensory test, sciatic functional index (SFI) and at 90 days by electrophysiologic testing. Sciatic nerve was studied by light and electron microscope after 4 and 12 weeks of implantation. At 90 days after operation, there was no difference in sensory testing between groups. The mean SFI at the 9 weeks, in autograft group was superior to that of Collagen gel + PVDF group (P<0.01). Mean motor nerve conduction velocity in the difference between experimental groups was not significant (P=0.05). After 4 weeks of implantation, regenerated tissue cables into PVDF tube were round shaped and the mean number of myelinated axons in Autograft group was superior to that of Collagen gel + PVDF group (P<0.001). Mean number of myelinated axons in Collagen gel + PVDF group were lower than autograft group (P<0.01), after 12 weeks of implantation. The positive effects of collagen gel on regeneration of nerve through a PVDF channel seen in this study suggest that it may by useful for treating peripheral nerve injuries.