مهسا یوسفیان

 Recurrent pregnancy loss is defined as loosing at least 2 pregnancies before 20th weeks of gestation. Besides all the known causative factors, in about half of the cases, the causing factor, remains unknown. In recent years, some studies have shown the role of candidate genes polymorphisms in RPL. CDH1 is one of these candidate genes that plays critical role in embryo implantation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relation between rs16260 of this gene with RPL.

In the present case-control study that was conducted between 2018-2019, 120 women suffering from recurrent unexplained miscarriage and 120 women with no history of infertility and miscarriage and having at least one healthy child who were referred by a gynecologist to a private medical genetics laboratory in were referred to Tabriz, were included in the study as patient and control groups. The studied polymorphism was checked by ARMS-PCR method and the results were analyzed using the chi-square test using SPSS version 26 software. (P˂0.05)

The frequencies of AA, AC and CC genotypes in the case group were 4(3.3%), 36(23.3%) and 76(73.4%) and in the control group were 8(6.7%), 28(30%) and 88(63.3%) respectively. P-Value=0.201

Based on the analyzes performed in the multiplicative and additive models, there was no significant relationship between the presence of polymorphism and recurrent miscarriage.

The mutation of F2 and PAI-1 genes can cause thrombophilia in women. The present study aimed to assess the relationship of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) with rs3136520 in F2 and rs6090 in PAI-1.

This case-control study was conducted on 120 women with idiopathic RPL as case group and 120 healthy women without any history of infertility or abortion with at least one healthy child as the control group. These subjects were referred to a private genetic lab by a gynecologist. Both polymorphisms were studied using the amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction approach, and the obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 26) using the chi-squared test (P˂0.05).

In the multiplicative model, there was a significant association between rs6090 and RPL (OR=0.222; 95%CI=0.082-0.599); nonetheless,
no relationship was detected between rs3136520 and RPL (OR=1, 95%CI=0.488-2.049). Moreover, according to additive model, there was no association between rs3136520 and RPL; however, there was a significant relationship between AG genotype in rs6090 and RPL (OR=0.245; 95% CI=0.066-0.901).

As evidenced by the obtained results, there was a protective association between rs6090 and RPL; nonetheless, there was no relationship between rs3136520 and RPL.

Tourism industry has had an increasing growth rate in the past decade and has been a significant income source for many developing countries. But Iran, in spite of its rich and extensive tourism related assets, has had a small share of this global market. One of the strategies in attracting visitors for countries is Destination Branding. In this article, Isfahan city was selected as tourism destination and the tourists who have traveled to Isfahan in the first quarter of the year 1391 were chosen as the research community and then by the use of Cochran formula and convenience sampling, 384 questionnaires was distributed among them. At this article, the Amos software has been used. For testing research hypotheses, the structural equation modeling was applied. The results of data analysis represents that In order to creating a better brand in Isfahan city, managers of tourism industry should emphasize more on 3 independent variables i.e. destination brand awareness, destination brand image and destination brand quality. Among all the variables, destination brand awareness has had the most effect on destination brand value.