فهرست مطالب مهین غیبی زاده

Tokophobia is a pathological fear of childbirth that can lead to anxiety and worry in pregnant women. The aim of present study was to investigate of the psychometric characteristics of Tokophobia Severity Scale amongst pregnant women.

Methods and Materials: 

This descriptive study, the sample has been carried out on 205 pregnant women which were selected through available sampling. In this study, data were collected using Wooten et al.  Tokophobia Severity Scale of (2020) and Gladstone et al.  Brief Measure of Worry Severity (2005). The reliability coeffcients were calculated by Cronbach alpha and Halving method and to determine the validity of the scale, confirmatory factory analysis and concurrent validity were used. For analysis the data SPSS version 22 and AMOS version 24 soft ware were used and significant level was 0.01.

Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the two factor model of Tokophobia Severity Scale fits among the pregnant women. Reliability by Cronbach's alpha method and halving was obtained as 0.87 and 0.84, respectively, which indicated good reliability and validity.

It seems that due to the acceptable reliability and validity of the tokophobia severity scale in pregnant women, it can be used as a diagnostic tool to identify the severe fear of childbirth and to start teaching the management of this fear in pregnant mothers.

Background & Aims:

 Tokophobia is a pathological fear of childbirth that can lead to anxiety and worry in pregnant women. The current study was performed to compare predictors of tokophobia in mothers in the last trimester and first six months of pregnancy based on metacognitive beliefs, corona anxiety, and ilness anxiety in 2022.

Materials & Methods:

 This is a case-control study and was conducted on 104 primiparous mothers (52 people last trimester and 52 people first six months) in 2022. The sampling method was convenient method, and was done with the cooperation of nurses and midwives in the health centers of Shushtar city, Iran. Data was collected using Tokophobia Severity Questionnaire, Metacognitive Beliefs, Coronary Anxiety, and Disease Anxiety, and analyzed in a multiple linear regression model with 95% confidence level by SPSS software version 22.

The variables of uncontrollability and risk (β=0.41), psychological symptoms of corona anxiety (β=0.31), general health concern (β=0.33), and positive beliefs about worry (β=0.31) were the most important, respectively. The predictive factors of tokophobia in mothers were in the last trimester of pregnancy. Also, the variables of illness (β=0.35), need to restrain thoughts (β=0.42), confidence in memory (β=0.27) and physical symptoms of corona anxiety (β=0.23) were respectively the most important predictors of tokophobia in the mothers in the first six months of pregnancy.

This study showed that in the mothers of the last trimester of pregnancy, the variable of inhibition and danger and in the mothers of the last six months, the variable of contract the disease has the most predictive ability. Based on this, by implementing public health education programs and how to provide mental health care in health centers, mothers can be helped in reducing tokophobia.

Caring is a science that encompasses human beings, reflecting experiences and phenomena in caring including: art and humanity. Humanity in the interpersonal interactions of the heart and the spirit of care and is an opportunity care for humanity to emerge and grow.  The purpose of this study was to determine the human care needs of burn victims.

This is a qualitative study in which purposeful sampling with maximum diversity was used. Data were collected through 18 unstructured in-depth interviews with second-degree burn patients admitted to Taleghani burn hospital in Ahvaz using purposive sampling method. In the research they answered. The collected data were analyzed using conventional content analysis approach by Elo and Kingas method.

From the interviews, 564 initial codes were obtained. These codes were subdivided into 10 subcategories, four main categories and one theme in the analysis process. The main categories included the need for appropriate communication, accountability in care, care in new ways, observance of sexuality in care, and the theme of human care.

Using extracted classes, it can be said that patients, as a human being, have the right to receive care in their own blood, and measures should be taken by the stakeholders to provide human care to those suffering from burns.

Breast cancer greatly affects the life expectancy of patients. Since social support can greatly improve complications in chronic diseases, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between social support and hope in patients with breast cancer. In this cross-sectional study, 100 women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy in hospitals of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences were studied. Samples were selected using convenience sampling and according to inclusion criteria. After collecting data using Snyder’s Adult Trait Hope Scale and Sherburne and Stewart’s Social Support Scale, data analysis was done using the SPSS software. According to the findings, 80% of the studied women reported high levels of social support and 53% had moderate levels of life hope. The findings also showed that the participants received the most support in the emotional dimension (30.83 ± 31.40), the least support in the social interaction dimension (11.79 ± 3.60). Findings showed a direct and significant relationship between hope and social support (r = 0.278, P = 0.004). Strengthening and promoting social support in women with breast cancer can be a good way to create hope for life and thus better tolerance of and compromise with problems associated with the disease and its treatments.

Patient education as one of the pillars of clinical governance has a special importance in all patients including burn victims. This study employed a model of organizational culture in order to optimize the institutionalization of patient's education for anxiety and increasing burned patient's satisfaction. In this clinical trial quasi experimental study, 80 burned hospitalized patients were included in the intervention group and control group. First, the intervention was consisted of sessions based on Organizational Culture Improvement Model of Patient Education in order to institutionalize patient education for nurses and nurse managers in dimensions of the effective communication process, cooperative decision making, goal setting, planning, implementing and recording, supervision and control, and incentive increasing. Findings showed that the means of situational anxiety in the control group and intervention group were 47.12±4.40 and 45.55±4.86, respectively before the intervention which was not be statistically significance. But the mean of situational anxiety were 43.70±5.36 and 38.45±4.08 in the control and intervention groups respectively after the intervention which showed statistical significance (P=0.002). The means of satisfaction in control and intervention groups before the intervention were 18.82±5.76 and 20.75±4.22 respectively which reached to 21.02±6.56 and 26.75±4.51 respectively after the intervention, that showed a significant increase in satisfaction of education in intervention group (P=0.001). This model represents the results of a strategy to improve patient education through the promotion of academic skills and motivation of nurses increasing of the system's commitment on and responsibility for optimized implementation of patient education. So, applying this model will play an important role in the patient's health.

Assessing the quality of life has received special attention in recent years. In this context, assessing quality of life of the patients with cardiovascular diseases considering the fact of high prevalence of heart surgery is a priority. The present study was conducted with to assess the Impact of open heart surgery on quality of life of patients with coronary artery disorders.

In this cross sectional, descriptive, analytical study, performed in Golestan hospital in Ahwaz in 2007, 49 patients had participated. Sampling method was purposeful, and samples were chosen according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The tools that used in this study were demographic and sf-36 questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by using descriptive and analytical statistics consisting repeated measures design.

According to the results of the, the score of quality of life, 3 months after surgery increased (P= 0.001), but no progression was seen one month after surgery (P=0.62). The study results showed that in the physical dimensions, joy and vitality (P= 0.001) on 3 months after surgery there was significant progression and in the spiritual dimension, welfare and the role of spiritual health in role playing (P= 0.001).

Due to the of patient satisfaction of surgery and improving the quality of life 3 months after surgery, it is recommended to may improve the quality of life by using useful therapeutic interventions.

With the aim to recognize the identity of relationship and communication with family as a reality experienced by large amount of young population in country, this research was carried out to describe females high school students on their family experiences. A phenomenological qualitative approach was used in year 2005 in Isfahan. A sample was chosen based on purposeful sampling method amongst females’ high school students. Sample size was dependent on the data saturation with a total 15 participants at the end. Data gathering was done using deep interviews, then data were analyzed through Straubert method. From the lived experiences of female adolescents, sixty five codes, three sub concepts and two core concepts were emerged. The two core concepts were emotional support (intimacy) in family and reactions in family. In spite of the vital role of families in adolescent's life, they are not experiencing useful interactions with their families. This study expresses the importance of educating families according to the needs and characteristics of adolescence period.