فهرست مطالب میلاد محمدی

Developing the roads and rising road rest transportation in the world in one hand, and the length of the roads on the other hands required building rest areas. In order to drivers rest and reduction of accident risk. Therefore, this reach study investigates driver's expectations from the services and possibilities of the rest areas. This study has been done distributing questionnaire among 355 drivers at four rest areas including provinces of Ardebil, Qazvin and Fars. Data has been analyzed by SPSS software. Considering that drivers are the most important users of rest areas, the rest showed that most drivers choose less times. In order to stop in every rest area. The most important reasons of stopping are saying prayers, resting for refreshment places of worship, gasoline station and parking have the most preference among different services, respectively. Meaning fully rest areas cause refreshment, physical and mental recovery and the rising of driver's focus. Most drivers were married and had been 30-39 years old and had diploma degree. The sitting and social places were important for drivers. Considering the views of rest areas the existence of shady trees and season flowers had the most importance. Based on this, it is necessary to encourage the drivers rest in this place. In order to have a rest and refreshment during the trip by finding locations, offering services and suitable designing. Establishing quiet and calm spaces, far from common confusion, in rest areas must be the most important elements in designing these rest areas.

The commercialization of innovative products is one of the key factors for the success of knowledge-based companies. The purpose of this study is to identify and extract the variables related to commercialization, to develop a model by determining the relationships among these variables, and to test the model. The research is developmental in terms of its outcomes and employs a mixedmethod approach (qualitative-quantitative) in its execution. The statistical population in the qualitative section includes 17 experts, who were selected using a purposive and theoretical non-probability sampling method combined with the snowball technique. In the qualitative phase, content analysis and coding techniques were used to identify and extract the indicators, components, and variables of the model. The qualitative findings revealed that the commercialization model consists of the variables: "Discovery and Ideation," "Evaluation and Formation," "Production and Exploitation," "Market and Sales," and "Feedback and Retrieval." The quantitative findings, using the interpretive-structural modeling method, showed that the model comprises four levels, with "Discovery and Ideation" having the most significant impact on "Evaluation and Formation." "Evaluation and Formation" affects "Market and Sales" and "Production and Exploitation," and ultimately, these variables influence "Feedback and Retrieval." The findings from the structural equation modeling method demonstrated that there is a positive and significant effect among all the predicted relationships in the model, confirming the model's validity. To enhance the commercialization of innovative chemical products, discovery and ideation should align with sustainable development goals and the circular economy.

The aim of this research is to explore the character development style in the historical drama series "Roozegar-e Gharib", and more specifically, how historical figures are transformed into dramatic characters in this series.

The research method used in this study is descriptive analysis with a neo-formalist approach.

In this series, the hero character is placed in five age periods, and the character's journey in these five periods is narrated through the use of narration. In this series, the anti-hero is a disease in the general sense, and in different parts, aspects of this disease such as cancer, plague, and even the disease of people's ignorance are manifested depending on the situation. In addition, secondary characters (complementary and opposing) are used to show more dimensions of the hero character and his fate. The characters' speech is also shaped according to the culture and temporal situation.

Based on the research findings, it can be inferred that Kianoush Ayari has tried to approach external reality by using character development in various dimensions and has tried to prevent any superficiality in roles and games. Therefore, his character development style in transforming history into drama is documentary-like and similar to Italian surrealism.

Bone fracture is one of the most common cases in animals and even in humans. Various methods have been used to treat and repair fractures. The prevalence of fractures and the time-consuming methods used today have led us to come up with a new way to treat animals faster. For this purpose, 5 New Zealand male rabbits weighing 0.5-1.5 kg were selected and kept for six weeks. After anesthesia under sterile conditions, the skin was exposed to the radius bones and excised part of the bone. After receiving antibiotics, the rabbits were divided into 5 groups, each containing treatment and control, and received 30 mg / kg and 1 mg / kg of chia seed extract for thirty days and they were examined histopathologically during week 1 and 2, and 3. The pathology of this study showed that the dosage of 1mg / kg had better healing effects compared with the other groups from the fourth week and bone mineral density was more evident. According to the results of this study, chia seeds can be a substitute for chemical pharmaceutical supplementation to repair bone defects.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on mental health and job satisfaction in nurses working in the intensive care units of Farshchian Hospital in Hamadan. The method of the present study is quasi-experimental and a pre-test-post-test design with an experimental group and a control group was used to collect data. The statistical population of the study consisted of all nurses working in the intensive care unit of Farshchian Hospital in Hamadan in the second quarter of 1400, from which 30 people were selected based on voluntary and available sampling method and randomly in an experimental group. (N = 15) and a control group (n = 15) were assigned. The acceptance and commitment treatment experimental group was trained for 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group remained on the waiting list. The tools used in the present study included mental health (Goldberg, 1972) and job satisfaction (Visoki and Chrome, 1991). The results showed that acceptance and commitment based therapy improved mental health and its components in nurses. The findings also showed that acceptance and commitment based therapy has increased nurses' job satisfaction. Therefore, the results of the study confirmed the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on increasing mental health and job satisfaction in nurses working in the intensive care unit.

At the local level, the role of rural management in achieving optimal rural planning and development goals is significant. There are several approaches to rural management, one of which is good rural governance. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of new rural management with an emphasis on good governance indicators for the villages in the Central District of Karaj County.

Quantitative approach was used in conducting this research. The statistical population of the study includes 7 villages. 145 households were sequentially determined based on random sampling and using the modified Cochran's formula. SPSS software and the FARAS model were utilized to analyze the data.

The results showed that the situation of governance indicators in the studied villages is lower than average. In addition, the results of the correlation between the indicators of good rural governance showed that the management system is the desired and subject to development in all indicators of good rural governance from the point of view of the villagers. Also, the ranking of the indicators of good governance using the FARAS model substantiated that the social participation index has the highest rank from the experts’ point of view.

The outbreak of coronavirus interfered with the process of data collection and information in the studied villages. This impeded the process of completing the research. In this regard, to reduce the negative impact of this restriction, interviews and completing questionnaires were conducted through the Internet.Practical implications- Activities should be taken through the interaction of non-governmental organizations, governmental and public organizations, and the private sector, removing existing obstacles, and financial and executive constraints for modern rural management in the villages of the Central District.

The study is conducted by the mentioned researchers and in accordance with the official rules and procedures, and all dissertations, articles, books, etc. were referred to accordingly. The originality of the present study is in applying the FARAS fuzzy model to the studied villages in the Central District of Karaj County.

Passenger cars are considered as one of the main sources of air pollution, especially in cities. The large pollutants that are generated from the combustion zone in vehicles, directly and indirectly, can affect the individual and national economy. ‏ In the direct economic losses, the gradual death of green spaces and forests can be opposition to the exposure of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and ozone, or damage to monuments, objects, and facades of buildings due to corrosion by suspended particulate or matter pollutant compounds‏. to develop respiratory, heart and lung diseases caused by various phenomena of air pollution in public health (Mayer et al., 1999; Jacob et al., 2016). By examining the results from technical examinations and comparing them with the standard of emission in Iran and European countries, it was found that all of the cars reviewed in this paper were consistent with Iranian emission standards, while in comparison to the Euro emission standards they did not have a favorable situation. therefore, the estimation of vehicles emissions, especially the internal vehicles using data collected from technical observation centers, is very necessary and can be achieved by estimating the pollution rate in the planning, reducing the pollution of large cities as well as the prevention of small towns. In fact, if the amount of pollution of vehicles used inside Iran is available, it can be driven by a series of changes in the intended vehicle due to the factors affecting its publication and defining different projects to improve air pollution, as well as the direction of management and control of emissions from vehicles. In recent years, research aimed to investigate the amount of pollutants output, which suggests that, unfortunately, manufacturing cars in terms of environmental standards produce many pollutants (Gulbute et al., 1395). Therefore, in order to determine the exact status of internally produced vehicles, additional research is necessary. The study examined technical examinations, notably technical examinations of passenger cars and the pollution inspection of the seven cars that are very common in Iran. This study is done in East Azerbaijan and Khuzestan province, which are completely different from the climatic point of view, and the results obtained from the two oblasts have been compared.

Accidents impose harmful economic consequences for workers, employers, and society. The present study aimed to evaluate the economic consequences of occupational accidents.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in the Iranian Gas Engineering and Development Company in 2020. Data collection tools were a checklist and a researcher-made questionnaire. The reliability of this questionnaire was calculated through Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS statistical software and the significance level was considered 0.05.

The reliability of this questionnaire was estimated at α = 0.87. The average lost work day caused by occupational accidents was 36.67 days and the average cost imposed for each accident was 23.97 million Tomans. The total safety index in the studied environment was calculated at 3.59± 1.01. The results of linear multivariate regression analysis indicated that the cost imposed for each accident has a significant relationship with accident type and accident consequence, level of education, number of workers, training hours, work experience, salary, and total safety index (p <0.05).

The findings of this study showed that the economic performance of a company can be affected by individual, occupational, and most importantly safety factors of the company. In addition, such factors are considered as strong predictors for economic safety performance.

The consequences of climate change over the past years have directly and indirectly affected many problems for the country. Meanwhile, one of the most important consequences is the drought, a phenomenon that has caused great damage to the country and the diamond sector in recent years. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of drought in both economic and social dimensions of rural areas of Bijar city and Cheng Almas section. In this study, we used SPSS software and Friedman test to analyze the data. The results show that in the economic dimension, ‌ increase in unemployment, ‌ decrease in savings, ‌ decrease in job satisfaction, اهش decrease in land and land prices, decrease in livestock production, اهش decrease in life expectancy and increase in food prices have had the greatest impact in these areas. In the social dimension, there has been an increase in migration, a decrease in rural participation, an increase in poverty, a decrease in the quality of the environment and living standards, an increase in family conflicts and the spread of disease.

The purposes of design and Manufacturing of this device are providing an automation prototype system for radiopharmaceuticals preparing and transferring, increasing the safety and staff radiation protection, increasing the work accuracy, using the most standard parts, reducing the number of parts and providing the design principles of production and assembly.

Library research method and technical experiments were used to collect information. The proposed design is a theoretical-practical plan, and according to the existing systems of radiopharmaceutical generators is presented, this design was evaluated theoretically by providing the technical drawings at the first, then its mechanical sections were designed and the prototype was made.

According to direct relationship between low-dose radiation over long periods and the possible effects of radiation, especially cancer, and also the current trend of using radiopharmaceuticals in medical centers may increase the risks of radiation, the findings show that the use of this system in imaging centers will significantly reduce these risks.

The design and construction of an intelligent device prototype was conducted for preparing and transferring radiopharmaceuticals in the hot lab section of medical imaging centers next to the Tc-Mo generator in order to mechanize the process of placing the vials on the generator and then removing the vials containing Tc99m and moving them. This system will significantly prevent unwanted radiation when milking.

Accurate water measurement is one of the key factors for reduction of agricultural water consumption, distribution integrity and delivery management in irrigation networks. In recent years, there has been a significant advance in flow measurement devices, but the usage of these devices is limited due to the high cost, special maintenance conditions and the need for skill expertise. Water structure used in this study is a new form of flow measurement flume that installed along the channel and has cylindrical and conical shape walls. The crest matches the channel's floor thus in this measuring structure, the control section happens only by transversal constriction. The new flumes are simple in shape and easily applicable in irrigation networks and they have not sedimentation problem. The amount of energy loss and consequently the upstream backwater in this structure is low. This structure controls the flow by creating critical flow in constriction section and will be able to measure flow discharge. In this study, the flow characteristics through the cylindrical and conical flumes have been studied theoretically and experimentally, and several equations have been developed for flow discharge estimation in rectangular open channels.

Dez River as the main source of water for agriculture, industry and drinking have particular importance in the north of Khuzestan plain. Dez River passes from different areas such as village and industrial cities, it is possible to enter many contaminants. So, water quality studies can be very useful. In this study, samples from 14 stations in the north of Khuzestan plain in three periods (low rainfall, medium and high) and analysis of anions and cations, heavy metals and the pH of water and measuring hardness, conductivity electric and total dissolved solids, calculating the evaluation index of water such as saturation index, permeability index, the percentage of soluble sodium, sodium adsorption rate and using charts Wilcox, Piper and stellar and compared to irrigation water standards; regional water situation was evaluated. Finally were determined characteristics of water at each station and the restrictions on its use for irrigation. According to the results, all the stations are in the category of S1C2 and S1C3 and no limit to irrigation. Water of region containing a high percentage of nitrate, one of the most important factor is the high level of ​​cultivation and unnecessary use of nitrate fertilizers. Among the heavy metal, cadmium in only a few cases were exceeded.

In this paper, the ozonation and ozonation with activated carbon methods to remove cefixime medicinal material from aquatic environments have been studied. The results showed that ozonation has had a positive impact on removal of cefixime from aquatic solution, so that the concentration of medicinal contaminant has decreased from 55 ppm to 6 ppm in 30 minutes. Moreover, the COD parameter was reduced by 51%. According to the obtained values, the effect of activated carbon on a certain concentration of medicinal contaminant has been confirmed. Also, the effect of different operational parameters such as concentration of contaminant, concentration of activated carbon, concentration of inlet ozone, reaction time and pH on the process of ozonation with activated carbon was investigated. The maximum removal efficiency of cefixime from aquatic environments was obtained as 96%. This number was obtained at the pH level of aquatic solution which was about 4

In this paper, ozonation method is used to remove carbendazim from aquatic environment. In this method, the produced ozone gas passes through an injector and then is converted into little bubbles and finally is injected into the synthetic wastewater. Spectrophotometer was used to measure carbendazim concentration. The complete factorial method was used to design the experiment. This design is considered to be repeated for two times for time parameters at five different levels of 5, 10, 15, 30 and 45 per minute, pH levels of 5, 6.73 and 9, and initial concentration of carbendazim levels of 2, 6, and 10 mg/l. The results showed that the maximum removal efficiency of carbendazim was 91% for a period of 15 minutes, pH level of 9 and concentration of 10 ppm and the most effective parameters on carbendazim removal efficiency have been initial carbendazim concentration, initial wastewater pH and ozonation time, respectively.

Elderly people with low levels of health literacy are at risk because they have difficulty understanding and reading health information that may affect their care. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between health literacy status and self-care ability in the elderly in Tabriz.

This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2019 with the participation of 165 elderly people in the Tabriz Retirement Center. Sampling was done randomly and considering the inclusion criteria. The tools used included three sections: demographic characteristics, health literacy questionnaire and self-care self-care questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS ver21 with p <0.05 as the limit of significance.

The mean (standard deviation) age and body mass index were 66.47 (5.44) and 26.75 (1.90) and 52.7% of the male participants, respectively. The mean (standard deviation) score of health literacy and self-care ability were 79.58 (11.80) and 68.95 (6.37), respectively. Most of the elderly 143 (86.7%) had adequate and higher level of health literacy. Also 83 (50.3%) had low self-care ability. There was a positive and significant relationship (p <0.05) between health literacy and self-care ability, although this relationship was weak (r = 0.20).

Although the level of health literacy was moderately high, in terms of self-care ability, it was moderate and many people had insufficient self-care ability. Indicates the need to pay attention to the relevant factors in order to plan and take measures to improve the self-care capacity of the relevant authorities.

In this paper, the risk of chemicals existing in one of the automobile tire manufacturing industries has been investigated using a semi-quantitative risk assessment method. This research is based on the pattern which is provided by the Singapore professional health department to assess the risk of chemicals in the factory. The results showed that the tested employees in this study are in contact with 28 different chemicals. Among these chemicals, benzene, vinyl chloride and solvent 410 are at very high risk. Vinyl chloride is used in units of banbury, extruder and semenzeni. Benzene is used in extruder unit and solvent 410 is used in extruder, baking and inspection units. Due to the high-level risk of these chemicals, safety measures should be taken into account in targeted factory as soon as possible to safeguard employees.

Welding laser beams is one of the essential parts of in automobile manufacturing used for joining plates. In this paper, for the first time, simulation of of joining stainless steel to low carbon steel was carried out. For this purpose, at first, thermal analysis was carried out by finite element method and of temperature profile and the dimensions of the melting area was gained as results. This was followed by mechanical analysis. The thermal analysis results were stored in a mechanical element as history to obtain the thermal conditions of the material. As results of this analysis, the strain of elastic and plastic as well as the amount of residual stress The results show that low carbon steel passes through in , because of higher thermal conductivity. Also, low carbon steel saves more residual stress due to higher yield stress. For validation of simulated model, two plates of 304 stainless steel with similar parameters the simulated model by laser welding. Comparing the results obtained from the experimental model with the simulated model shows a very good agreement.

Over the recent decades, understanding fundamental aspects of cement chemistry has advanced. Due to the recent developments in the eld of cement for improving and reducing the negative environmental impacts of cement production, it is necessary to model or simulate hydration reactions of the cementitious materials. The process in which the cementitious materials form is of great importance. Hence, employing thermodynamic science properly is important. This knowledge gives a powerful insight into developing links between the mineralogy and engineering properties of hydrated cement paste and, therefore, anticipates improvements in its performance of cement production. The hydration process is dramatically in uenced by cement chemistry and microstructures, as a slight change in cementitious generic ingredients can create great differences in the hydration products. Usage of supplementary cementitious materials has considerable in uence on the amount and kind of hydrates formed and thus volume, porosity and durability of cementitious systems. In this paper, blast furnace slag of Esfahan Steel Company with the replacement percentages of 10 to 80 was used to make several thermodynamical models at constant temperature of 20C. Thermodynamic modeling was based on the method of minimizing Gibbs free energy to calculate the composition of the pore solution and solid phase's developments. It is ideal for better understanding reactions' mechanisms during the hydration process. GEM software was applied for thermodynamical modelling. The formed phases assemblage, concentration of pore solution and chemical shrinkage of models were examined. Thermodynamic calculations indicate that slag consumes portlandite and increases calcium silicate hydrates. It also reduces the pore solution volume that results in higher chemical shrinkage and increases the amount of hydrotalcite. Overall, the ndings of slag replacement in cement are higher volume of hydrates, improvement of mechanical properties and, enhanced durability of concretes with cementitious materials.

Infectious bronchitis (IB) disease is one of main infectious disease in poultry production. IB virus posses several serotype that the immunity against each serotype is specific. The protection against any serotype is expected by vaccination against the same serotype. In Iran, the Massachusetts and 4/91 serotypes are common and different commercial IB vaccines were utilized against these serotypes. By considering to this fact that there is no interference between different IB virus serotypes, this seems that administration of different IB vaccines simultaneously or by short interval time can be effective for increasing of protection level. Therefore, in this study the vaccinal reaction was studied following of administration of two distinct IB vaccines by pathological examination. For this, in commercial farms the H120 and 4/91 vaccines administrated distinctly and simultaneously. In this study the vaccination programs were examined and compared with pathological examination of trachea. The result represents that co-administration of H120 and 4/91 can induce higher pathologic lesions on trachea. It concluded that in IB vaccination, it is better to administrate different vaccines with interval time and do not vaccination simultaneously.

The purpose of this study is to provide a multi-objective model for ground transportation of hazardous materials in the hub network that tries to minimize the costs of transportation and construction of the hubs and the links, considering the existing risk in the hazardous materials transportation. The problem with the proposed Hub Location model will be solved using the real data of National Iranian Oil Products Distribution Company and applying the Global Criterion Method. Then the sensitivity analysis of the model's results on some parameters is performed. Considering the results of the model for 10 hubs, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari was chosen as the new hub location. The supply of oil products to each of the areas was also provided. Hazardous materials as raw materials or strategic products in different industries play an important role in the industrial development of the country. Transportation of hazardous materials is very important due to their perilous nature and consequences. On the other hand, the proper design of a transportation network and optimal distribution of the products from production sources to consumers can reduce the costs of production and result in the optimum consumption of energy.

Sulfate attack is a series of physico-chemical reactions between hardened cement paste and sulfate ions. Sulfate ion penetration into the cement results in the formation of voluminous and deleterious phases such as gypsum and ettringite which are believed to cause deterioration and expansion of concrete; However, there is no direct relationship between Ettringite or solids formation during the sulfate attack and the amount of expansion. Concrete deterioration due to sulfate attack depends on multiple elements, however, in experimental studies, the implementation of the elements and obtaining the results in a short time are very difficult. Therefore, the significance of theoretical and software modelling along with in experimental studies, reducing the time and cost, increases so much as to achieve reliable results. Thermodynamic simulations, in this research, are employed according to the method of minimizing Gibbs free energy in order to better understand the external sulfate attack and the behaviour of mortar samples made of ordinary Portland cement and blended cements.GEM software helps in studying the microstructure of cement, volume and type of phases formed in sulfate solutions under different conditions. With this software, a virtual laboratory of materials could be created, which simulates natural processes such as hydration, sulfate attack, and factors that affect them with less time and cost. This modeling type could be utilized for cement systems in order to calculate sets of stable phases. A system achieves thermodynamic equilibrium when there is no more spontaneous tendency for change. GEM software which is able to calculate the stable phase as a function of reactants, temperature and pressure is employed. In this software chemical interactions involving solids, solid solutions, metls, gas/fluid mixture, aqueous electrolyte, (non-)electrostatic surface complexation, and ion exchange can be considered simultaneously in the chemical elemental stoichiometry ( electrical charge) of the system, i.e. without any mass balance constraints for ligands or surface sites. GEMS simulates various mass-transfer processes and reaction paths, such as mixing; But this software cannot replace our knowledge of physical chemistry. Type and volume of phases formed during the sulfate attack and factors affecting that such as cement chemistry, rice husk ash and sulfate solution with different concentrations were studied With the help of this method. Simulation of mortar samples was performed in sodium sulfate with concentrations of 4 and 44 g per liter and 10 and 15 percent rice husk ash substitution. Mortar samples at 20 ° C and water-cement ratio of 0.5 is assumed. Rice husk ash substitution has an effective role in microstructures improvement, reduced impermeability, and volume of forming products. Sodium sulfate is more dangerous and destructive compared to other sulfates like calcium sulfate or potassium sulfate and forms phases with higher volumes. The results clearly indicate that rice husk ash, consumed portlandite completely and produced maximum volume of calcium silicate hydrate(C-S-H) by 15 percent replacement and also there is not a simple relationship between the increase of formed phases by the penetration of sulfate ions and the observed expansion. Generally, the results correspond to the studies and in experimental results which have examined micro structure.