فهرست مطالب ناصر بامداد

One of the main indicators for measuring the development of tourism in cities is their competitiveness, which also plays an important role in the general development of tourism in the country. The purpose of this study is to measure Iran cities tourism competitiveness by considering destination management as a moderating variable. In this study, using a progressive approach based on the capabilities of Iranian cities for tourism development, first the initial conceptual model based on research literature was developed and then a questionnaire was reviewed and revised with the opinions of academic experts. This questionnaire was then provided to experienced tour guides in order to test the conceptual model with PLS-based route analysis method. The results showed that the competitiveness of tourism in Iranian cities is not in a favorable position in any of the indicators of competitiveness based on capability, including tourism standards, tourism growth capacity, competitiveness of tourism enterprises and futuristic tourism, and the scores obtained in all indicators are below average. That is, the number is 3. Also, regarding the competitiveness of tourism in Iranian cities, the moderating role of destination management on the variable of demand conditions was confirmed, but regarding other variables, it was rejected.

Iran is one of the countries that have various capabilities for tourism development with its various tourist attractions. However, the existence of these attractions alone has not been able to bring success for Iran's tourism and increase the competitiveness of Iran's tourism industry compared to other tourist destinations. Since the development of a country's tourism competitiveness depends on the competitiveness of its domestic destinations, it is necessary to primarily develop the competitiveness of Iran's domestic tourism destinations. In this direction, there are various challenges that Iran cities are facing and they must be identified. The purpose of this study is to identify challenges facing Iran cities in the field of tourism competitiveness and provide integrated solutions to strengthen their competitiveness. First, the initial conceptual model of competitiveness of Iran touristic cities was developed by reviewing the research literature. Then, using a questionnaire approved by experts, the conceptual model of the research was tested with the opinions of experienced tour guides and a path analysis method based on PLS. Research findings including demographic data, descriptive statistics of variables and inferential findings were analyzed. Solutions and suggestions for each of factors that have challenged the competitiveness of Iran touristic cities were presented.

Competitiveness is one of the basic components of tourism development in cities that can also lead to the general development of tourism in the country. The purpose of this study is to explain a model for tourism competitiveness in Iranian touristic cities. For this purpose, the initial conceptual model of the research was developed by reviewing the literature. Then, a questionnaire approved by experts was used and the conceptual model of the research was tested with the opinions of experienced tour guides in 184 cities. The conceptual model of the research was tested by PLS-based path analysis method using Smart-PLS software. In order to analyze the research findings, the validation of the measurement model, structural model and general research model was performed and the model of localized structural relationships of Iranian touristic cities was developed. Findings indicated that destination management has had the greatest impact on tourism competitiveness of tourist cities in Iran. Other influencing factors were tourism services, supporting factors and conditions, demand conditions, main resources and attractions, and infrastructures, respectively.

This paper reports a research on customer’s satisfaction of Automatic Teller Machines (ATM) service qualities and dimensions of the qualification of ATMs services of different Banks. After literature review and interview with people, a questionnaire with open and close questions for evaluating the dimensions of (ATM) service qualities and the level of customer’s satisfaction was designed and required data was collected in Tehran. It was found that the main quality dimensions from the customer’s view were as follow: transaction error, personnel response, developing services, machine accuracy and ease of use. Also, the results of the analysis showed that the level of customer satisfaction is moderate. In spite of moderate satisfaction of customers, they prefer ATMs to the bank personnel. By regression analysis we find that if ATMs work properly, it plays a significant role is customer’s satisfaction.

The mission of the Science and echnology Parks (S&TP) is to accelerate the growth of knowledge-based regional economy. These institutions encourage investment of the knowledge-based activities and support innovation in the host regions. Given the high cost of establishment and inability to attract and maintain knowledge-based companies, S&TP are not expected to have enough economic justification. Hence, leaders and managers of the parks should pay due attention to strategic marketing planning. Even if the parks have enough location merits, in the absence of effective marketing management, parks loss their sustainability in terms of location competition. On the other hand, because of specific characteristics of parks output, absolute use of theories and experiences of marketing gained by private companies and not-for-profit organizations do not have the required effectiveness. In this research, we have tried to provide a place marketing management model for S&TP. In order to do this, we have benefited from theories and experiences of place marketing management on one hand and S&TP designers, expertise and managers opinion on the other.

The present article attempts to discuss crisis and natural disaster management. Natural disasters leave diverse impacts on affected communities. As such,a multi-dimensional approach should be adopted to understand these impacts. Selecting an appropriate level of analysis and discussion will highly facilitate awareness of this topic. Crises and disasters have for some time been described using a time- cycle approach. This article refers to the said approach, while referencing the Bam earthquake and then determining the required dimensions of education.