ناهید نادری

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by an inflammatory polyarthritis that preferentially affects small joints. Some factors such as old age, systolic blood pressure and LDL, ESR, GFR are effective in the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases in these patients. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between serum uric acid level and severity of clinical symptoms in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

In this descriptive-analytical study, the required data were collected from all the files of patients referred to rheumatology clinics of Birjand University of Medical Sciences in 2019. The investigated variables included age, ESR, CRP, RF, Anti ccp, serum uric acid level and DAS28 level of the patients. Data were analyzed with the help of SPSS version 22 software and statistical tests of Mann and Tiny, Kraskal-Wallis and Spearman's correlation coefficient. The error rate was less than 0.05.

In this study, the majority of subjects (74.4%) were women and the rest were men. The average age of the patients was 47.25±14.36. The mean serum uric acid level of the patients was 6.286±1.46. According to the results, there was a significant relationship between the serum uric acid level and the clinical symptoms of the patients (P=0.001, X2=17.271).

Considering the relationship between serum uric acid level and severity of clinical symptoms in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, it seems that this index can be used as an indicator to determine the severity of clinical symptoms in these patients.

Today, the issue of education in the world has become an important issue for sustainable development In the meantime; experts consider the main axis of this development to be the continuous participation of organizations and institutions with education. The purpose of this study was to identify the pattern of participation of organizations and institutions with the country's education system. The present study was a developmental research in terms of purpose and a qualitative research in terms of research design. In this study, the Meta-synthesis method was used to integrate the studies and create comprehensive and interpretive findings. In this study, Persian and Latin articles and books related to the field of education, especially participation in education, were selected and reviewed between 2000 and 2020. After summarizing and reviewing 29 articles, they were analyzed. Finally, the results of the analysis, after examining the primary and secondary categories, identified 10 general methods of participation in education Including: Participation in technology development, Participation in research and development, Participation in human resources, Participation in relation to the environment, Participation in evaluation, Participation in implementation, Participation in planning, Participation in Accountability, Financial partnership, Information participation.Therefore, according to the dimensions identified in the present study, it is necessary for managers and officials in each organization to identify how they participate in education and thus play their part in this organization.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the perceived quality of educational services from the perspective of students of entrance exam institutions in Tehran. The present research is developmental-applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and survey type in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the study included Those are the twelfth grade students of District 4 of Tehran who have used the educational services of the entrance exam institutes of Tehran in the academic year of 2018-2019. Comrey and Lee model was used to determine the statistical sample size and the number of 400 samples was determined and 340 completed questionnaires were received. Available cluster sampling method was used to select the members of the statistical sample and data collection was performed using two library methods for reviewing the research literature and field method for distributing and collecting questionnaires. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed by experts and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. In order to analyze the research data and extract the dimensions, exploratory factor analysis and its prioritization of Shannon entropy were used in SPSS and EXCEL statistical software, respectively. Findings of the present study show that the effective dimensions for measuring the perceived quality of educational services include five perceived quality dimensions of teachers' abilities, training programs, support programs, staff behavior and physical equipment; in the view of the respondents, the perceived quality of the support programs is of paramount importance was in the first rank in terms of importance.

Aging as one of the most important periods of life is associated with many challenges including death anxiety. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the role of spiritual health and perceived social support in predicting death anxiety in the elderly. The present study was a descriptive-correlational one. The study population consisted of the elderly living in Shahrekord in 2020, among whom 385 were selected using convenience sampling method and were assessed by the scales of Templer Death Anxiety, Zemen Perceived Social Support and Paloutzian & Ellison spiritual health. Data were analyzed using correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis in SPSS software version 22. The results indicated that there is a significant relationship between spiritual health (r=-0.51), perceived social support by family (r=-0.37), friends (r=-0.30) and significant other (r=-0.16) with death anxiety in the elderly. The results of linear regression analysis releaved that spiritual health (P=0.001, β=-0.46) and perceived social support by the family (P=0.001, β=-0.29) can predict negatively the death anxiety in the elderly and explain 26.7% of the variance of death anxiety in the elderly. Consequently, counselors and psychologists in the field of aging are suggested to reduce death anxiety in the elderly, using strategies to promote spiritual health and social support.

The purpose of this study was to identify formative components of professional development for elementary school principals Qom Province. This research was a qualitative based on the thematic analysis approach. The statistical population has consisted of all school principals in Qom. Using a purposive sampling approach, a total of 40 persons were selected as participants in the study. The data were collected through the results of reviewing on theoretical foundations and research background by the general interview guide approach and semi-structured method. Concepts and categories have been extracted through coding. In designed framework of the concepts and categories derived from interviews, strategies of professional development for school administrators in eleven categories: Strengthening academic skills; Diversifying the school climate; Needs assessment; Development of communication; Empowerment of employees; Internal and external visits; Planning; Revitalization; Lifelong learning; Conflict management and balancing between work and life.

The target of this research checking curriculum effectively level according to academic resilience for students academic procrastination and performance.

Methodology, this present research is a part of quasi experimental design (pre- test, post- test and following up the control group), middle school students in Kermanshah formed this research population. They studying in 2017-2018 this population by using randomly 60 students replaced in two groups (control- experimental groups) with 30 members. The experimental group is given 9 sessions 90 minutes program according to academic resilience. In 2011 members of each group completed (pre- test, post- test, inventory tracking in academic procrastinate. In 2017- 2018 average records of March - April - May used for students academic performance, data are examined by using way-mixed analysis for variance.

Data showed that average variable scores in academic procrastination and academic performance is experimental group compared with control group increased in post- test level.

Photovoice and Photo-elicitation represents a major field of visual researches methodology which has been little employed in the organizational culture management to acquire knowledge. So the purpose of this paper is to present Photovoice and Photo-elicitation methodology and their use in the management researches. Also, In the field of organizational culture, these methods have many advantages: photos can provide tangible stimuli for more effectively tapping into informants’ tacit, and often unconscious, images and metaphors that they produce different and richer information than other techniques; and may also help to reduce differences in power, class and knowledge between researcher and researched because these methods have unique potential to empower participants’ involvement in activities related to organizational culture management . Also this paper will explore its theoretical foundation and then critically review the impact of Photovoice on the variety of changes in the societies or organizations. Lastly, this paper will review the planning and implementation process of Photovoice by qualitative researchers.

This study aimed at investigating the impact of technology infrastructures on environmental responsiveness focusing on the mediating role of knowledge sharing among public universities in Qom. The statistical population of the study included faculty members of these universities (N=270), among whom 148 faculty members were selected through cluster random sampling method. The research method was categorized as a descriptivesurvey and the research measurement tool was mainly focused on questionnaires. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed using the opinions of the authorities and experts in higher education management. The reliability of questionnaires was confirmed through calculating the Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient. The results indicated that technology infrastructures had a significant positive impact on environmental responsiveness focusing on the mediating role of knowledge sharing among public universities in Qom. Furthermore, it was found that technology infrastructures had a direct impact on environmental responsiveness and the former had a similar impact on knowledge sharing. Finally, it was indicated that knowledge sharing had a significant positive impact on environmental responsiveness. Conclusively, the culture of knowledge sharing and investment in the technology sector can be strengthened in order to promote responsiveness.

The purpose of this research was to analyse the entrepreneurship education status in the Iranian higher education system. The research questions were based on entrepreneurship education curriculum models (objectives, contents, strategies and methods). The research method was a descriptive-survey type. The statistical population consisted of entrepreneurs, entrepreneur managers, curriculum and educational management experts, out of which 65 members were chosen as the sample. The information gathering tools were documents, entrepreneurship questionnaires and interview formats. The content questionnaire validity was confirmed by the curriculum and educational management experts. The questionnaire reliability coefficients used the Cronbach Alpha Coefficient which obtained 0.95. The collected data was analyzed through descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The research findings showed that the observed t is bigger than the critical table amount (p>0.05). From the respondents, viewpoint, the objectives, contents, teaching and learning strategies, management and supervision styles, evaluation techniques should be contemplated more than the average level.

This article aimed at to study and explain relation of organizational Justice with Performance evaluation items among employees at Isfahan refinery company. Statistical population consist of tenure employees who were active at Isfahan refinery that out of them 191 were selected randomly as sample to answer the questionnaire items. To collect data، employees performance evaluation form and researchers made organizational Justice questionnaire were used which possessed face and content validity. Organizational Justice questionnaire reliability was calculated at. 89 using Charonbach alfa coefficient. Research findings showed that there is positive and significant relation between organizational Justice and performance evaluation (p=0. 05). Best predicts for conceptual management and work quality wereinteractive and distributive Justice respectively، that instead of one unit in both، can add to conceptual management and work quality. 233 and. 175 respectively. Also، best predictive variable for work relation item with others and ethical relation، was interactive Justice that for one unit increase in it،. 332 and. 171 were added to work relation and ethical relation with others respectively.

Spirituality in organizations is a new principle that can bring a deep and powerful force for individuals. This powerful force will be achieved when work life links with the spiritual life of staff. Spirituality as a energetic, motivate, inspiration and spirit making force. and is part of life. Spirituality related to the transcendental and the divine goal, goals are beyond his own individuality and spirituality at work on receptors in health, happiness, wisdom and success is satisfying work. There are two important elements of values and relationships, spirituality paradigm in organizational forms. Values are categories such as respect, development, equality, humility, service and personal growth. Communication issues, seeking spirituality in the people and away from isolation and withdrawal gives realization. This article explains the emphasis on spirituality paradigm, in order to provide conceptual model to assess the organization and management of the spirituality of the organization. In this model the three dimensions of physical, psychological and medical tests of functional (physiological health assessment), performance (Occupational Health Evaluation) and psychological (psychological evaluation later) is used and according to the results obtained in each test, recommendations in three areas of medical, functional and psychological interest of the religious approach is presented.

This study compared the Isfahan Refinery Company employee's psychological empowerment with regard to their kind of activity, positions and education. The population of the study included formal employees during the year 2008. Sampling was conducted through stratified random sampling. Statistical power was 0.74. Data was gathered hrough Spreitzer Questionnaire. Its reliability coefficient was 0.83. Findings showed that employees selfdetermination with regard to their of kind activity showed a significant difference (P≤0.05). The highest average mean was related to repairs, storage and goods preparation. The lowest difference was related to engineering services engineering plans and R&D units. Also the employees feeling of autonomy with regard to education showed a significant difference (P≤0.05). The lowest mean was related to employees holding a graduate degree and the highest was related to technicians. Finally, suggestions were presented concerning personal training, building comparative climate and team building. Finally it should be noted that statistical population of this study was limited only to the formal employees.

This article investigated the Isfahan university employees OCB. The research method was descriptive–survey type. The population of study included formal employee during the year 2008. Sampling was conducted through stratified random sampling. Data was analyzed through t and F tests. Its reliability coefficient computed 0.89. Findings showed that exception altruism, the total of OCB of employees, civic virtue, Sportsmanship and courtesy were more than average. There was significant difference on sportsmanship in the kind of task. There was significant positive relationship between OCB indices exception Sportsmanship.

This research investigated the managers and supervisors perspectives about employees´ empowerment through in-service training. The research method was descriptive – survey type. The population of the study was managers and supervisors in the academic year 2006. Sampling was conducted through stratified Sampling. Data were gathered through a questionnaire and analyzed through tukey, one way analysis of variance and hotelling tests. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by manager's field specialists and itﹸs reliability coefficient computed 89. Findings showed that from the managers and supervisors´ perspective only responsibility (=3.63),selection, strategy(=3.65),adaptability(=3.60) competition (= 3.27)and learning(=3.55) indices were more than average and other indices were less than average. One of the most important suggestions was specialized teams building.