فهرست مطالب نجات بادبرین

Mitochondrial DNA has been one of the most widely used molecular markers for phylogenetic studies in animals because of its simple genomic structure. This study examines the genetic characteristic of domestic goat using sequence analysis of mitochondrial DNACytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) to identify and differentiate among three common breeds (Adani, Najdi and Markhoz) of Iran. The genomic DNA was isolated by salting out method and amplified cytochrome oxidase I gene using PCR method with a pair of primer. Phylogenetic trees and pairwise calculations were obtained by using Mega 6 software. The COXI sequence from 60 individuals with haplotype diversity was 0.47 and a nucleotide diversity was 0.0500. The analyzes with the BioEdit Composition procedure indicated that the sequence for COXI was 28.87% nucleotide A, 25.25% nucleotide C, 15.86% nucleotide G and 29.66% nucleotide T, which had a C + G ratio of 42% and A + T is 58%. Phylogenetic analysis of haplotype in the combination with the goat from Gen Bank showed that Iranian goat clustered in a separate lineage. This study was found informative for establishing relationships between breeds from different parts of the world. This study may facilitate the future researchers and breeders for better understanding the genetic interactions and breed differentiation for devising future breeding and conservation strategies to preserve the rich animal genetic reservoir of the country.

Inroduction & One of the most important economic traits in sheep is twining. Genetic studies have identified a set of genes that affect twining with major effects called fertility genes. One of them is GDF9 gene that have been identifying on sheep chromosome 5. This study conducted to investigate the GDF9 gene polymorphism and its relationship with prolificacy trait in Karakul sheep breed.
Material and Blood samples and birth data collected from 100 Karakul sheep at the Karakul breeding station of Sarakhs-Iran. After DNA extraction one pair of specific primer selected to amplify a 1503 bp fragment of the gene and Rsa I enzyme was used to digest the amplified fragment. The results showed a mutation at GDF9 locus in Karakul sheep. The relationship between genotypes and twining rate investigated using SAS 9.1 software.
The results showed a significant relationship (P Therefore, the mutation in GDF9 gene is a useful mutation and fix it will increase twining rate and will ultimately increase revenue.

The aim of this study was to map body weight QTLs with some microsatellite markers on chromosome 2 of Markhoz goats. For this purpose a total of 255 offspring including 129 male and 126 female from 8 half-sib sire families were genotyped for 6 microsatellite markers on chromosomes 2. Quantitative traits were included weights at birth, 4 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months of age. Significant QTL effect was tested using the least squared regression approach using GridQTL (V3.3.0) software. In this study, one putative QTL were detected for weaning weight at 153 cM on chromosome 2 (P

Body weight is one of the most important traits which has quantitative traits inheritance. QTL mapping not only provides useful information regarding the status and number of genes controlling quantitative traits. It can also help the breeders in marker assisted selection. This study aimed to identify QTL affecting body weight on chromosomes 1 and 5 in Markhoz goats using microsatellite markers. The studied population consisted of 248 animals from 8 half sib families genotyped for eleven microsatellites on chromosomes 1 and 5. Phenotypic data including body weight at birth, 4 months, 6 months, 9 months and 1 months of age that were corrected for fixed effects including year of birth, sex and type of birth. QTL analysis was performed based on regression analysis. In this research significant QTL was not found on chromosome 1 while one chromosomal regions associated with weight at 4 and 6 months of age was found on chromosome 5. The location of the detected QTL was 2 to 8 cM near the OarFCB005 marker. Maybe this region of chromosome 5 contain genes that affect growth trait. Considering that the locations of this QTL was near the location of OarFCB005 marker, if further investigation were performed, this marker could be used in marker-assisted selection.

The litter size is a threshold trait that is controlled by many genes. Due to the low heritability (0.10), of litter size, classical breeding methods lead to slow genetic progress. Hence it is essential to use new technology to improve this trait. Length of chromosome 1 in goat is approximately 186 cM. Based on previously published data in addition to a high genetic homology between goat and cattle choromosome 1, a region between 16 to 169 cM of chromosome 1 was selected for QTL detection of litter size in the Markhoz goat breed. Sample population included 8 paternal half-sib families. The numbers of half-sib offspring per buck ranged from 30 to 40. All individuals were genotyped by six microsatellites specific to chromosome 1. QTL analyses were performedusing multiple regression method under a half-sib model. Our study indicated that a QTL in position 165 cM on chromosome 1 affect litter size rate in Markhoz goats. Its location was near to CSSM19 marker and was able to explaining 2.20 percent of the genetic variance of litter size. The QTL detected in this research could be related with POU1F1 gene. Hence this gene could be a candidate for the associated QTL on goat chromosomes 1.

In this investigation 13699 data related to milk production from 2716 Holstein first calving and daughter from 167 sire cows were analyzed based on random regression model (RR/CF) and REML Method incomplete lactating (5-90 days) and (5-120 days) in correlations to complete lactating were 0.67 and 0.72, respectively with progress in complete 5-240 day was 0.91 the correlation value for lactating persistency trait for incomplete lactating period (5-150 days) were 0.68 and as increase in milk production period this value reaches to 0.91 for incomplete period (5-240 days). Also this correlation for two months milk production and lactating persistency were 0.88 and 0.59, respectively, and for one month milk production and lactating persistency reached higher than 0.90.