فهرست مطالب نرگس نیکونهاد

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths in women. Therefore, this study aimed to produce and analyze nanoliposomes that encapsulate ginger essential oil and assess its cytotoxic effects on the A-2780 ovarian cancer cell line, comparing it to the unencapsulated essential oil.

Following the extraction of ginger essential oil using the Clevenger apparatus, liposomes containing the oil were created using the thin film method, and the essential oil was then incorporated into them using the hydration method. Next, the encapsulation efficiency and release pattern of the essential oil from the liposome were assessed using the spectrophotometry method. Physicochemical properties of the synthesized nanosystems, like size, PDI, zeta potential, morphology, and the lack of interaction between essential oils and liposomes, were investigated using DLS, SEM, and FTIR methods, respectively. Finally, the cytotoxicity effect of the synthesized nanosystems on ovarian cancer cells was measured using MTT assay.

In this study, we successfully produced nanoliposomes incorporating ginger essential oil with an encapsulation efficiency of 56.41 ± 3.21%, a size of 85.72 ± 4.38 nm, a PDI of 1.48 ± 0.58, a zeta potential of -19.17 ± 1.19, and suitable morphology. These nanoliposomes exhibited a slow and semi-controlled release pattern, with a maximum essential oil release rate of 62.5 ± 2.41% over 48 hours. The nanosystems and essential oil did not exhibit any chemical interaction, and the encapsulation of the essential oil enhanced its anti-cancer properties when compared to its free form on ovarian cancer cells.

The results of this study showed that synthesized nano-liposomes with appropriate physicochemical properties can serve as effective nano-carriers for delivering ginger essential oil to cancer cells.

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among females. Resistance and cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs are the reasons that warrant the search for newer anticancer agents, and researchers from various laboratories are engaged to find a more pleasant solution for treatment of cancer. Hydrazide derivatives have shown various pharmacological activities including antibacterial, antifungal, analgesic, antiinflammatory, antidepressant and anticancer activities and anticancer. With this point in mind, a novel hydrazide derivative, compound 1 was synthesized and its anticancer activity was evaluated in breast cancer cell line. To further confirm our previous data, we investigated the anti-mammary tumor activity of this compound in BALB/c mice bearing 4T1breast cancer cells.

4T1 mammary carcinoma cells (106)were injected into the mammary fat pad of female BALB/c mice to produce breast tumor. Histopathology experiment was also performed to demonstrate the metastasis.

i.p. administration of three doses of compound 1 (1, 10, 50 mg/Kg), significantly retarded growth of tumor after 3 weeks. Regression of tumor growth, which occurred in weeks 3 to 4, was associated with extensive necrosis and infiltration of leukocytes and confirmed by histopathological method. Importantly, compound 1(1mg/kg) effectively prevented the lung metastasis, which demonstrated by histopathology experiments.

Our results collectively revealed the great potential of compound 1 as a promising chemotherapeutic candidate for human breast cancers.

Nanoparticles have wide range of application while there are some reports regarding their probable effects on male reproductive system and spermatozoa.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) (70nm) on acrosome of rat spermatozoa and number of spermatogenic cells.

In this experimental study, in experimental group, 32 male wistar rats (8 rats/group) received oral feeding AgNPs every 12 hr in one spermatogenesis period (48 days) by means of gavages in 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg concentration (experimental groups 1-4, respectively). The control group (8 rats) was treated on schedule with distilled water. Spermatozoa were stained by triple staining protocol for acrosome reaction. Histological evaluation on testis sections was performed using tissue processing and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining.

There was significant difference between the control group and the experimental group 1 for acrosome reaction (11.00±0.00 and 24.25±3.68, respectively, p=0.01). There was only significant reduction in spermatogonia cells in experimental group 4. Experimental groups 2, 3 and 4 showed a significant reduction in the number of primary spermatocytes and spermatids as well as spermatozoa. But there were no significant differences between different groups for Sertoli cell number and seminiferous tubule diameter.

It seems that Ag NPs have acute and significant effects on spermatogenesis and number of spermatogenic cells and also on acrosome reaction in sperm cells. More experimental investigations are necessary to elucidate better conclusion regarding the safety of nanoparticles on male reproduction system.