فهرست مطالب نسرین مرادی

The purpose of this research was to explain The Relationship Between High School Teacher’s 0ccupational Stress , Quality of Life and Marital Satisfaction in Farashband city in Iran.

The method of this descriptive research was a correlational type. The research community was all secondary school teachers in Farashband city, which was 170 using the census, and finally 165 people participated in the research. The research tool was the job stress, satisfaction questionnaire. It was marriage and quality of life. The validity and reliability of Abzaz was obtained by previous researchers.

 The findings of the research showed that there is an inverse and significant relationship between teachers' job stress and quality of life (-0.426) and their marital satisfaction (-548). Also, job stress and quality of life can affect teachers' marital satisfaction to predict meaningfully

Job stress and quality of life of teachers can act as important predictors for their marital satisfaction. To improve marital satisfaction, it is very important to manage job stress and improve the quality of life of teachers. This can be realized by educational organizations and administrators by providing support and suitable working conditions, as well as by educators themselves with regard to work-life balance, health care and positive communication in marital relationships.

Today, COVID-19 has become a serious threat to global health. Due to their certain conditions, hemodialysis patients are more at risk than others. Therefore, self-care in these patients is more necessary. We aimed to assess the self-care of hemodialysis patients against COVID-19 disease and the factors influencing self-care.

 In this cross-sectional study, 219 patients referred to the dialysis ward of selected public hospitals in Lorestan province, were selected by the census method and examined. Patients' information was collected by a demographic questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire on self-care against COVID-19. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 22, with the significance level of 0.05.

The mean score of self-care against COVID-19 in patients was 186.33, and most patients had a good level of self-care. There was a significant relationship between the self-care score and place of residence (P<0.001), and comorbidity (P=0.044). Among the multiple sources of information, there was a significant difference in the self-care score between cyberspace (P=0.047), and family and relatives (P<0.001). Also, comorbidity, urban residence, and academic education level significantly predicted self-care.

According to the results of this study, developing proper training programs is suggested considering the factors influencing self-care. Also, capacities such as cyberspace and patients' families should be used to make the training more effective.

The present study aims to provide an appropriate model for handling losses in production cooperatives of Ilam province by consulting with experts in the field of cooperation and agriculture. To this aim, 24 experts in the field of agriculture and cooperation were selected based on purposive sampling. The data were collected and analyzed through semi-structured interviews. Then, an appropriate model was presented for handling losses in production cooperatives using grounded theory. Based on the results, this model includes the existence of deficiencies in economic, political, educational, international, infrastructural, socio-cultural, and skill dimensions; losses of companies, along with weak government support, intervening in cooperatives affairs, and strengthening the education-oriented culture of cooperative and collective activities; long inefficient organizational structure of the companies, lack of competitiveness with brokers in a volatile market, and traditional non-scientific management of companies; strengthening government-based organizational communications based on effective market-oriented training; and accelerating the process of rural and agricultural development under promoting the brand value of the companies and their revenue generation and competitiveness. Developing and implementing a model for handling losses in production cooperatives depends on the superior management of their components. The results indicated that the model for handling losses in production cooperatives can be classified into 100 mental concepts, 65 sub-categories, and 6 main categories. In addition, the results can increase the awareness of activists and researchers in the field of cooperative activities regarding the mechanisms, background, causes, interveners, and consequences of designing a model for handling losses in production cooperatives

Today, human resources are one of the most important and guiding elements in organizations. Based on mutual learning, by balancing the two types of exploratory learning and for-profit learning, a kind of balance in the acquisition and use of new knowledge and the preservation and utilization of existing knowledge is emphasized.

This research was based on quantitative studies in two stages and through three questionnaires by survey method with the participation of 288 people among managers, deputies and selected staff of the central headquarters of the Social Security Organization. To review the data, an architectural questionnaire, human resource functions were provided to selected managers, deputies and employees. Data from quantitative studies (questionnaire) were used through inferential analysis and using confirmatory factor analysis test by modeling analysis by Eviews software.

Organizational human resource management is vital to enjoy reciprocity (mutual exploitation). The fact that an organization has a knowledge-based human resource structure, by itself can not turn an organization into a mutually successful organization in both profitability and exploration. Because if the organization focuses on profitability, it is the reciprocal orientation of some human resource management measures to determine how it is compatible with the dimensions of human resources functions and ultimately mutual learning (exploration and profitability) of the organization.

The designed model and formulated hypotheses, while filling the theoretical gaps in these three research areas, also provide the basis for further research by researchers in the future.

Guidance and counseling of professors provide professional way to  increasing insight, developing social relationship and improving efficiency of education system. This study aims to assess the attitudes of  students and professors to counsultor- planning and identify problems and ways to deal was done.

This descriptive-survey study  has been done on 353 professors and 153 students that were selected through sampling  method during the years 2019- 2020, at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. For collecting data, a researcher made questionnaire including three parts: professors and students demographic information ,identifying and determining  problems of  performing counsultor planning and finally identifying solutions .data were analyzed by T test-one-paired ,chi-square through SPSS.

In general, students and professors have negative attitude toward  the implementation of the project (p< 0/01). From two groups, lack of physical space and time, their lack of knowledge of educational rules and regulations, lack of attention to the interests and expertise of professors as problems in the implementation of the project in the university. Also, the solutions to prevent problems in the implementation of the plan were considered to be the provision of hardware facilities, software and training programs (p< 0/01).

According to the results, it can be concluded that although the guidance and counseling of professors has a very important role in the growth and excellence of students in the life cycle, but these two groups do not have a positive attitude towards the counseultor planning because there are many problems that should be considered by the authorities based on the proposed solutions.

The subject of human resource architecture is the employment relationship of individuals with the organization and then the formation and implementation of human resource management based on this type of relationship in the organization. Employment relationships are formed based on the level of knowledge and strategic value of individuals for the organization, which is very important in organizations. Accordingly, this study has designed organizational learning networks based on the knowledge-based human resource architecture model in the Social Security Organization.
This study was based on quantitative studies in three stages and through three questionnaires using survey method with the participation of 288 people among managers, deputies and selected staff of the central headquarters of the Social Security Organization.
In order to review the data, three architectural questionnaires, measuring the characteristics of the learning network, and human resource functions were provided to selected managers, deputies, and employees. The data obtained from quantitative studies (questionnaire) were tested through inferential analysis using a sample t (student t) that structural equation modeling analysis was used.
The results show that knowledge-based jobs have high density and moderate homogeneity, but have high intra-group and extra-group trust. Job-oriented jobs have high density, homogeneity and trust within the group, and allied jobs have low density and homogeneity and high extra-group trust. In addition to human resource architecture in organizations, it is necessary for managers to recognize the characteristics of each type of architecture to plan more consciously for their employees and to facilitate reciprocity in their organization to use human resource management methods specific to different types of networks.

The oceans cover about 70% of the earth's surface and contain the most water on Earth, as well as important marine ecosystems. In generally, global waters are classified into two types of water (the first case and the second case). In waters of the first type, such as the waters of the open ocean, phytoplankton dominate the inherent optical properties of water. However Case-2 waters, like coastal waters, are complex waters that are affected by a variety of active light compounds such as phytoplankton, colored dissolved organic matter and Total suspended matter. Coastal wetlands are considered as the Case-2 water. These types of areas are dynamic environments that are threatened by the entry of pollutants and because the wetlands have a calm environment and away from open sea waves, they are exposed to the accumulation of natural and human pollution. As a result, the identification and monitoring of coastal and marine pollution is essential to minimize their destructive effects on human health and the environment and economic damage to coastal communities.  Phytoplankton are floating or scattered single-celled algae that travel primarily through water waves. Chlorophyll-a considered as an indicator of the abundance of phytoplankton and biomass in oceanic, coastal and lake waters. Field and laboratory methods are difficult and time consuming and weak for spatial and temporal observations. In contrast to the weakness of field methods, remote sensing methods can provide the spatial perspective needed to gather information on ocean and coastal water surface on a regional and global scale. The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate atmospheric correction methods (high atmospheric radiation and high atmospheric reflectance) on the algorithm for estimating the concentration of chlorophyll A based on blue and green bands (OC2) in Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 data, evaluating the results using Field data and finally the time series mapping of chlorophyll-a concentration.

In this study, Landsat 8, Sentinel 2 satellite time series data and field data collected from the study area were used. First, the satellite images used in ENVI 5.3.1 software were converted to Surface Reflectance and Top of Atmosphere Reflectance. Then, MATLAB 2018a software was used for image processing and coding. to estimate the chlorophyll-A concentration, the bio-optical algorithm OC2 was used, which in fact uses a nonlinear relationship to link between field data and satellite data. In order to evaluate the results two statistical parameters R2 and RMSE were used.

Based on the analysis of field data, the concentration of chlorophyll-A in all sampled stations was less than 1 mg/m3. Water in the Surface Reflectance and Top of Atmosphere Reflectance Sentinel 2 and Landsat 8 data had a relatively similar spectral signature at wavelengths, due to the similarity in the spectral signature of water on the satellites used, covering the same spectral range in the Landsat 8 and Sentinel 2 satellites systems. The OC2 algorithm had amounts R2 (0.91 and 0.64) and RMSE (0.13 and 0.33) in Landsat 8 and Sentinel 2 Surface Reflectance data, respectively, while Landsat 8 and Sentinel 2 Top of Atmosphere Reflectance data had amounts R2 (0.12 and 0.53) and RMSE (0.45 and 0.51), respectively. The time series of chlorophyll-A concentration estimated using surface reflectance data (Landsat 8) corresponds to the natural conditions of the region, However, the time series of chlorophyll-a concentrations using the surface reflectance data (Sentinel 2) during the seasons estimated the chlorophyll concentration to be uniformly and downward. The reason for this poor performance in the Sentinel 2 is the lack of sufficient field data for calibration.

In this study, we tried to evaluate and compare the reflectance algorithms (Landsat 8 and Sentinel 2) in the OC2 algorithm. Preliminary results indicate that the type of satellite data used (surface reflectance and Top Atmosphere reflectance) is of great importance for entering the OC2 bio-optical algorithm because the satellite image to enter the OC2 algorithm must be surface reflectance data and atmospheric correction that In fact, these algorithms are sensitive to high-atmosphere reflectance data. In general, the results showed that 10 field data is enough to calibrate with Landsat 8 data, but for Sentinel 2 data, more than 10 numbers field data must be calibrated to obtain a good result.

Informal, under-the-table, payments are paid to individuals/ health care organizations as cash or non-cash through informal channels. This study aims to identify the amount of informal payments in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.

This descriptive study was conducted in winter 2014 and winter 2016 (before and after the Health Reform Plan). A questionnaire and telephone interviews were used to collect data which were then analyzed by using SPSS and Excel software.

The average informal payment to physicians, nurses, service staff, security guards, and other employees were 11.1%, 22.2%, 22.2%, 0%, 0%, respectively.

According to the results, the Health Reform Plan, in general, has significantly reduced informal payments (P <0.01) in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.

Scientific collaborations increase citations and its results in the other's research. This aim of this study was to determine the number of authors in different majors of humanities, basic sciences and arts and the relationship between the number of authors and number of citations on Iranian articles indexed in the Web of Science.
Material and The present study was conducted using descriptive and analytical methods through scientometric methods. The research population was all articles published by Iranian researchers on the topics of basic sciences, humanities and art, indexed in the Web of Science in 2012, which were 17671 documents. The number of citations of articles has been recorded by May 2016. The year of 2016 was selected for the articles in the various categories would have enough time to get the citation. Data were collected via referring to articles in each field, counting the number of authors in each article and the number of citations received each article until May 2016. Bib Excel, Excel, and SPP softwares were used to analyzed the data.
Findings: This research has shown that the largest share of research collaboration in Iran is in a group of two to five people. Moreover, there was a relationship and correlation between the number of authors and the number of citations in different majors.
Among the examined categories, the field of medicine had the highest correlation coefficient between the number of authors and the number of citations, and archeology had the lowest correlation.

Behavioural finance approach gives us the possibility that in addition to the traditional concept of finance, human behaviour and psychological factors also result in variances in stock prices. In fact, this paper uses behavioural approach to transparency and understanding the impact of accidental and non-rational factors such as emotions on decision making process, to help decision makers. The research tries to answer these questions: Do mutual funds active in the Tehran Stock Exchange act according to herding behaviour? If they do, what kind of stocks (growth or value) and what kind of companies stock (in term of size, large or small) are the target of these acts? The hypotheses are as follows:− Mutual fund joint venture between herding behaviour exists in the Tehran Stock Exchange.
− Herding behaviour of mutual fund is more common on smaller companies.
− Herding behaviour of mutual fund shares on further growth.
− Herding behaviour of mutual fund when purchasing less than sales growth is in stock.
Herding behaviour of mutual fund when purchasing more than sales degrade is in stock

Given the destructive impacts of crime commitment and social deviations in the society, social science scholars have made efforts to deal with factors leading to crime commitment from certain angles. Besides the concept behind crime, which disrupts social order, social capital is the existing source in social and system-oriented interactions of cooperation and collaboration among members of the community which results in creation of networks for reasonable relations, sense of trust, and partnership among individuals in a society, and has been focused on by theoreticians of this field and as factor for reducing crime. The present article aims at reviewing the relationship between social capital and crime in Yasouj, with respect to the high rate of social capital in the city. In order to assess social capital in three dimensions: social trust, social partnership and mutual social relations in Lickert scale and crime variable for criminals and introducing the type of crime for ordinary people through crimes not resulting in imprisonment, have been considered. The findings indicate that there is significant and negative relationship between social capital and crime, and variable for social partnership shows the highest power for crime commitment. On the other hand, there is significant and negative relationship between level of social capital and crimes not resulting in imprisonment

Proving management with a reliable information system, can facilitate decision making regarding planning, organization and control. This study aims to evaluate information needs of Iranian Nursing Offices. This applied, cross-sectional research utilizes critical success factor (CSF) and business system planning (BSP) methods to assess information needs Iranian nursing offices. Of 78 identified information needs, 56% were initial information needs of managers. 18% of information needs were found to be critical success factors of managers of nursing office. The first priority of managers was "the number of manpower employed at hospitals separated by wards". 5% of the identified information needs were not priorities and thus excluded, 3% were through the web site and 70% were without sources. Despite the important role of users in designing information systems, other scientific methods also need to be utilized in designing information systems.