فهرست مطالب نوشین هاشمی

The COVID-19 disease has emerged from December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The disease can affect many organs of the body, mainly organs associated with respiratory distress syndrome, but liver damage has also been reported. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between liver enzymes and underlying diseases in COVID-19 patients admitted to Pasteur Hospital in Bam, Iran, in the first six months of 2021.

In this cross-sectional descriptive-analytical research, the study population consisted of COVID-19 patients admitted to Bam Pasteur Hospital. A researcher-made checklist was used to collect data regarding liver enzyme levels in people with underlying diseases. After data collection, the data were entered into SPSS software (version 22) and analyzed.

According to the findings of this study, a significant relationship was found between diabetes and variables such as age, ALP, and direct bilirubin. In addition, a significant relationship was observed between blood pressure and variables such as age, ALP(Alkaline Phosphatase), SGOT(serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase), SGPT (serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase), and direct bilirubin. Although heart disease was also significantly associated with variables such as age and SGOT, the results showed no significant relationship between addiction and variables such as age, SGOT, SGPT, ALP, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin.

Liver enzymes could be a warning sign of liver disease. It is recommended to screen COVID-19 patients for liver enzymes during the disease and be examined and treated

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic infectious disease with a wide clinical spectrum in tropical and subtropical areas. The aim of this study was to assess the PCR-RFLP method using two primers، ITSRL and L5. 8S compared with direct microscopy and NNN culture methods for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasisis.

In this study among CL suspected patients، 60 patients with positive LST were selected and three samples were taken from each. To detect CL via direct microscopy، NNN culture and PCR-RFLP methods.

The results showed that 60%، 62% and 91% of specimens from suspected cases were positive using direct microscopy، NNN culture،and. PCR RFLP methods respectively.

Due to high sensitivity of the PCR-RFLP method for detection and speciation of etiologic agent of CL، to establish an accurate and rapid method for detection of Leishmania parasites in medical centers، it is suggested the method is utilized along with NNN culture and direct microscopy.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic infectious disease with a wide spectrum in tropical and subtropical areas. Antimoniates are compounds of choice to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran and many other countries of the world. There are many fluctuations in response to leishmanicidal agents according to type of the disease, involved species of the parasite, and drug regimen.

This study was conducted in the Skin Disease and Leishmaniasis Research Center, Isfahan, Iran. Novy-MacNeal-Nicolle (NNN) and Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 media were used to isolate parasites from skin lesions of patients. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction of Leishmania isolates was performed and strain identification was determined using specific internal transcribed spacers-1 (ITS-1) primers. After amplification, the resulted products were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Patients were under traditional glucantime therapy and were followed up for 14 weeks to detect their treatment courses.

PCR-RELP showed that all etiologic agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) among referral patients in Isfahan were L. major. The mean duration of ulcer recovery of cases with CL was 58 days.

The mean recovery period of patients with zoonotic CL was noticeably shorter than cases with anthroponotic CL.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic infectious disease caused by a protozoan parasite from trypanosomatidae family with a wide spectrum in tropical and subtropical areas. The purpose of the study was to characterize various species of Leishmania isolates from Isfahan, Iran with negative direct smears.

This study used culture methods and PCR-RFLP to detect cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in patients who referred to the Center for Research in Skin Disease and Leishmaniasis, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan Iran, with negative direct smears. Samples taken from the lesions of patients were cultured on NNN and RPMI1640 mediums. Out of 100 smear negative samples, 50 turned positive for leishmania promastigotes whose DNA was extracted. The amplified ITS1 region of DNA was then analyzed through PCR-RFLP. After digesting the isolates by HaeIII enzyme, the species were determined according to standard strains.

Among 50 isolates from Isfahan region, 46 isolates were identified as L. major and 4 as L. tropica.

The present research showed that PCR-RFLP is an accurate method for specifying agent species of CL. It was also found that L. major and L. tropica were the main two species responsible for various kinds of skin involvement in the region.

Streptokinase is the only available thrombolytic agent in some areas. Streptococcal infection induces streptococcal antibodies and these antibodies increase failure rate in response to Streptokinase. This study was designed to investigate the effect of neutralizing antibodies on therapeutic effect of streptokinase to treat lumen cuffed catheter occlusion.

In this study, 70 hemodialysis patients with thrombotic occlusion of double lumen cuffed catheter were studied. Demographic data, underlying disease, dialysis center, catheter size and location, duration of occlusion, history of catheter infection were collected. Blood sample was taken to determine neutralizing antibody before streptokinase injection. Streptokinase (50000 units per ml) was injected to the catheter lumen and was drawn after 24 hours. In order to occlusion documentation, ca radiography of chest and a radiography with contrast was taken before and after streptokinase prescription.

The mean duration of obstruction was 4.4 ± 4.5 days. Neutralizing antibody was positive in 19 (37%) patients. Occlusion was resolved in 63 (90%) patients after streptokinase injection. There was no difference between patients with and without neutralizing antibody in response to Streptokinase (P = 0.324). It was no relation between antibody positivity, infection history, duration of obstruction and response to Streptokinase.

Streptokinase is an effective thrombolytic drug for management of double lumen cuffed catheter obstruction. Presence of neutralizing antibody has no effect on response to Streptokinase.