فهرست مطالب هادی اسمعیلی گورچین قلعه

Deliberate or threatening use of viruses, bacteria, toxins, or poisonous substances prepared from living organisms to cause death or disease in humans, animals, and plants is called bioterrorism. These agents can be spread by spraying them in the air, causing infection in animals, transferring this infection to humans, or contaminating water and food sources. Defense measures, such as emergency responses to this type of terrorism, are unfamiliar and unknown. The general state of helplessness caused by the lack of complete preparation and the lack of anti-pollution strategies complicates the issue. The ability and widespread interest of civilian personnel to participate in the development of chemical and biological weapons is directly related to easy access to academic excellence around the world. Another factor is the tempting misuse of freely available electronic data and knowledge about the production of antibiotics, vaccines, and conventional weapons with their various complex details. The use of animals in laboratory research to better understand the mechanisms of disease and treatment and to overcome the limitations of clinical trials has a long history. For many viruses, laboratory diagnostic methods and reagents must be continuously modified to account for genetic variations and variants. Unlike bacterial diseases, many of which can be treated with antimicrobial drugs, there are fewer medical countermeasures to combat viral infections. Many of these pathogens are lethal or cause debilitating diseases in humans, making it ethically inappropriate to test the effectiveness of these countermeasures on human volunteers. Researchers must have a correct understanding of various animal models so that they can make the correct choice, gain a better understanding of the clinical symptoms of viral diseases, and provide possible options for treatment and vaccine development. It should be noted that decision-making when faced with a biological attack should be done away from too much fear, and this requires researchers to have prior knowledge of facing these threats. Despite all these checks and measures taken in advance, the international preparedness against these attacks is weak, which can be attributed to the lack of global plans to deal with the epidemic.

Ulcerative colitis is a kind of inflammatory bowel disease that involves factors such as genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and disproportionate function of the mucosal immune system in response to intestinal microbial flora. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a blood derivative that has anti-inflammatory and cell-regenerating properties. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PRP on the clinical and inflammatory manifestations in an experimental model of ulcerative colitis.

In this experiment, male BALB/c mice were segregated into four groups, each consisting of 10 mice: the healthy group (negative control), the colitis group without treatment (positive control), the colitis group receiving PRP, and colitis group receiving sulfasalazine. All animals, except for those in the negative control group, were subjected to colitis induction via intrarectal injection of 100 µl of 4% acetic acid. The treatment regimen commenced after the onset of UC symptoms. The mice were euthanasia after 15 days of the last injection, and the disease activity index, as well as the inflammatory factors, were assessed.

According to the results, the treatment groups showed a significant decrease in disease activity index, the severity of inflammation, the level of MPO, NO, and IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α cytokines expression and production, as well as inflammatory genes COX2 and iNOS expression, compared to the positive control group.

The results showed that PRP has favorable anti-inflammatory effects in ulcerative colitis and after additional evaluations, it can be used as an adjunctive treatment along with the drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis patients.

Background and

Today, cancer is considered as the second cause of death in the world. Often, the treatment of all types of cancer is very complicated. The discovery of new anti-cancer drugs with high effectiveness, low toxicity, the ability to select normal cells from cancerous cells, and low cost is one of the concerns of the world's pharmaceutical communities. Nowadays, the use of natural compounds based on their synergistic effects has opened a new therapeutic horizon in the management of different types of cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effects of peiminine and hyperthermia therapy on the induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 cell line.

In the present experimental-laboratory study, after culturing MCF-7 cells in 96-well plates, they were treated with peiminine (5.12 µg/ml for 24 h) and hyperthermia (410C for 1 h) independently and simultaneously. Then the cell viability rate, apoptosis percentage, ROS production rate, LDH release rate, and caspase 8 and 9 activity level were measured.

The results of the present study showed that peiminine and hyperthermia therapy caused a significant decrease in cell viability as well as a significant increase in the percentage of apoptosis, ROS production, and LDH release compared with the control group. By measuring the activity of caspase 8 and 9, it was determined that peiminine induced apoptosis through both mitochondrial and extracellular pathways. It was also found that peiminine and hyperthermia therapy, in combination, had synergistic antiproliferative effects.

According to the results of the present study, it seems that peiminine, as a natural product, when used in combination with hyperthermia therapy has synergistic antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects. This suggests that it can be used as a complementary method in cancer treatment.

In World War I, sulfur mustard or mustard gas was used as a chemical weapon for the first time. Years later, during the imposed war (eight years of holy defense) against the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq used this poisonous gas against the soldiers and people of Iranian cities. Many years after the war, many chemical veterans still suffer from its effects. Mustard gas is a strong alkylating substance with cytotoxic and mutagenic properties, which causes blisters in mucous membranes and skin when it comes in contact with the skin. It is usually a colorless or amber-yellow oily liquid. In high concentrations, it has a disgusting smell similar to horseradish, onion, or garlic, which is mostly due to contamination with ethyl sulfide and other byproducts of its synthesis. Various studies have proven that long-term exposure to this toxic gas can lead to respiratory disorders and lung cancer. Considering the drug resistance and special conditions of chemical veterans with lung cancer, one of the new methods proposed for their treatment is the use of oncolytic viruses. The purpose of this study is to review the therapeutic potential of oncolytic viruses in the treatment of lung cancer caused by chemical warfare agents.

Telematics, or new electronic health media, is a growing topic that is becoming a major improvement in patients' lives, especially for the elderly, disabled, and chronically ill. In this context, mobile health provides healthcare services and overcomes geographical, time, and even organizational barriers. In this review, we examine the services and applications of mobile health in various diseases and the clinical trials conducted in connection with health-oriented applications, and the challenges ahead.

This systematic review will extract related studies in domestic and foreign databases including PubMed, SID, Science Direct, Scopus, and Magiran with the keywords of disease self-management, e-health, health care, telematics, and mobile health. The period from 1390 to 1400 was conducted with both Persian and English languages based on the search strategy. The articles were included in the study based on the inclusion criteria.

According to the review of the articles, it was found that physical and mental health problems create challenges for army veterans, returning troops, and military family members, including spouses and children. The challenges of meeting physical and mental health needs include improving access and quality of care. Mobile health can help to meet these needs in military and civilian environments.

With the broader participation of members of the healthcare and informatics communities, both from the private and public sectors, regulations related to the use of health applications will become reasonable, provided that these regulations apply to mobile medical applications that pose potential risks to public health. If they do, it should be applied.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that causes vascular wall damage and poor wound healing due to the excessive accumulation of glucose. Various investigations have been performed on increasing the diabetic wound healing rate. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Ammonia single-cell eukaryote extract in Zinex ointment compared to silver sulfadiazine ointment on increasing the diabetic wound closure rate.

This study was performed on 54 BALB/c transgenic mice. For type 2 diabetes induction, the animals were fed a high-fat diet for two weeks and followed by a single dose of Streptozotocin (STZ) (30 mg/kg) injection intraperitoneally. The excisional wound was created using the excisional wound splinting model and a biopsy punch. For diabetic wound treatment, 10% Ammonia extract in Zinex ointment and 1% silver sulfadiazine ointment were used every three days. Glucose and insulin serum levels were measured using a glucometer and an ELISA kit, respectively. Histopathological examinations were also performed using H&E methods.

Macroscopic observations indicated an increase in the wound closure rate in the Ammonia extract group compared to the other groups. Also, histopathological results showed a significantly decreased inflammation and increased re-epithelialization in the Ammonia extract treatment group compared to the silver sulfadiazine treatment and control groups. 

The results showed that Ammonia extract in Zinex ointment could improve the closure rate and re-epithelialization in diabetic rat wounds through inflammation reduction.

Intensive resistance trainings cause the production of many free radicals and pre-inflammatory cytokines in athletes and military personnel. These factors may cause many complications for the athlete. In recent years, the use of anti-inflammatory compounds made of herbal extracts has been considered to reduce these inflammatory factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of green tea extract on inflammatory cytokines caused by endurance trainings in athletes.

This study was conducted on 36 male athlete. Their individual characteristics including height, weight, body mass index were measured. Subjects (N=36) were randomly divided into three groups. The first group did their exercises without any supplement or medication. The green tea extract and the placebo were used along with the TRX training in group two and three respectively. Serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α inflammatory factors were evaluated by ELISA method in all groups.

Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the group with green tea extract supplement along with the training was reduced in comparison with the placebo and training group. This decrease was not statistically significant in terms of TNF-α, but it was significant for IL-6 factor.

The results of the present study indicate that the use of green tea extract along with intense resistance training in athletes can reduce the production of some cytokines and thus reduce inflammatory injuries among them.

Patientschr('39') perspectives as a reliable source can be considered for the evaluation of health services. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the satisfaction of patients with COVID-19 from the services provided in Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran in 2020.

In this cross-sectional study, 73 patients with COVID-19 discharged from Baqiyatallah Hospital, Tehran, Iran were selected by the available sampling method. The data collection tool was a patient satisfaction questionnaire consisting of 48 questions which were adjusted based on the Likert scale and its validity and reliability were confirmed. The questionnaire assessed patient satisfaction in two aspects of medical (nursing, physician, health and hygiene) and non-medical services including nutritional status, welfare facilities, admission services, staff behavior, discharge and religious observance. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 18.

Patientschr('39') satisfaction with the medical aspect was 86% and in the non-therapeutic aspect was 84.15% (excellent level). There was no statistically significant relationship between demographic variables such as age, sex, marital status, hospitalization, type of insurance and the reason for hospital selection with patient satisfaction. (p>0.05).

Due to the high satisfaction of patients in the hospital, especially in the medical aspect, it is possible to strengthen the positive points and also analyze the reasons for patient dissatisfaction, especially in the non-medical aspect, to improve hospital services and performance and increase patient satisfaction.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of adult leukemia characterized by the accumulation of seemingly mature type B lymphocytes in peripheral blood and lymphatic organs. One of the main markers used in the diagnosis and prognosis of CLL is the CD38 gene. Polymorphism is considered to be a major genetic source of phenotypic change within a species and may be involved in developing the disease. Here, the study of CD38 gene polymorphism (rs 1800561) was done in terms of incidence and relevance to clinical and laboratory parameters in CLL patients.

In order to confirm the CLL disease, CD5, CD19, and CD23 markers were investigated using immunophenotyping. CD38 gene polymorphism was studied in 70 patients with CLL and 70 healthy cases as control using a specific PCR method of polymorphism (Tetra-ARMS-PCR). Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS V18 applying Pearson Chi-Square test.

In the patient group, we observed 97% wild-type genotype (CC), 1.5% heterozygote (CT), and 1.5 % homozygote (TT). The present study showed that 98.5% of the control subjects had wild-type (CC) and 1.5% had heterozygote (CT). The frequency of C and T alleles in both patients and control groups was 97.9%, 2.1%, 99.3%, and 0.7%, respectively.

Based on current study, despite differences in frequency of T and C alleles among patients and healthy individuals, no significant difference was found in the occurrence of this polymorphism and the risk of CLL.

Experience is obtained as one of the most valuable human assets in different situations and conditions and helps organizations to achieve their strategic goals. The present study was conducted at the Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences with aim of designing and compiling a comprehensive empirical program in confronting the COVID-19 crisis.

This applied research was conducted in qualitative and quantitative methods. The statistical population included 24 university experts, managers and executive experts at Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences in April and May 2020. All of these individuals were involved in coping with Covid-19. By holding various meetings with the researchers, and obtaining the opinions of experts with the Delphi technique; the events of the crisis and their main axes in dealing with Covid-19 were counted.

Findings show 5 areas and 25 main axes of the event (crisis with domestic, regional, international sensitivity and major damage); 18 events in the field of command and leadership, 15 events in research, 9 events in training, 22 events in healthcare, 6 events in support in dealing with Covid-19. Healthcare is the most common (22) and spirituality is the lowest (2) frequency.

Due to the Covid-19 crisis, healthcare is the most important axis (22 events) and it is necessary to record experience and document for using in similar crises. This empiricism can be used as a basis for managerschr('39') planning to implement experience documentation in the organization.

The use of natural compounds derived from plants and animals play important roles in disease therapy. Chronic myeloid leukemia is a blood cancer that can occur in multipotent stem cells. The K562 cell line is considered a cancer type for the study of chronic myeloid leukemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of red alga extract of Laurencia caspica on the K562 cell line.

This experimental study was performed in two separate phases. In the first phase, samples of the Laurencia caspica red algae were gathered from the coast of the Caspian Sea, Iran. Then, hydroalcoholic extraction of the mentioned algae was performed using a rotary evaporator and dry oven. The second phase involved treating the K562 cancer cells with different concentrations of algae extract (25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μg/ml). The anti-proliferative and cell cytotoxic properties of the algae extract were evaluated by MTT and apoptosis. In all analysis tests, p <0.05 was considered a significant level.

The results of the MTT assay showed that the extract of Laurencia caspica red algae in the 800 and 200 μg/ml concentrations had the highest and the lowest anti-proliferative effects on cancer cells, respectively. The results of the apoptosis test showed that concentrations of 800 and 200 μg/ml of algae extract had the lowest and the highest survival of cancer cells, respectively. The effectiveness of extract of Laurencia caspica red algae was concentration-dependent which inhibited the growth and proliferation of the K562 cancer cells in all tests.

Regarding the results of this study, extract of Laurencia caspica red alga may be used as a natural compound in cancer treatment. However, further studies are required.