هیوا ذاکری

The purpose of religiosity is to lead a person to a clean life in which thinking has an important place, regarding the factors affecting correct thinking, along with cognitive factors, some non-cognitive factors are obstacles to critical thinking and thus damage to thought health. The purpose of this study is to explain the psychological or non-cognitive factors in avoiding critical thinking.

The method of this research is to analyze the concepts according to the semantic network and compare the synonymous and contradictory concepts.

The findings showed that fears and tendencies, including habit, wishful thinking, extreme collectivism, rush to achieve psychological certainty and certainty, are among the non-cognitive factors that play a role in avoiding critical thinking.

In order to maintain and promote the health of beliefs and ideas, in addition to paying attention to the epistemological factors affecting thinking, such as having knowledge and checking the correctness of arguments, we should also pay attention to psychological factors that cause bias and hinder correct thinking. Intellectual virtues for example the ability to recognize the salient facts, sensivity to detail, fairness in evaluating the arguments of others, intellectual humility must also be nurtured.