پرنیلسن کودسک

Experiments, in Petri dish and greenhouse, were carried out to investigate the efficiency of three herbicides (rimsulfuron, imazapic and imazamox) in controling broomrape. In Petri dish study, herbicides were applied at 0.05, 0.25, 1.25, 6.25 and 31.25 micro-mole doses to broomrape seeds at germination stage without a host plant and adding GR24 as stimulator. In the greenhouse experiments, the efficiency of these herbicides to control broomrape in two varieties of tomato (Viva and Hyb.Petopride II) was investigated. Treatments were four doses of rimsulfuron (25, 50, 75 and 100 g ai/ha), imazapic (5, 10, 15 and 20 g ai/ha) and imazamox (0.4, 0.8, 1.2 and 1.6 g ai/ha) at one, two and three applications. Results of Petri-dish experiments showed that rimsulfuron and imazapic significantly reduced radicle elongation of seedlings as compared to the control, while, imazamox did not have any effect on broomrape seed. Each dose was applied for one, two and three times with in 15, 29 and 43 days after within transplanting tomato seedlings. Results of pot experiments indicated that the responses of two tomato varieties herbicides were different. Viva was responsive to herbicidal effect and produced higher biomass than Hyb.Petopride II. Rimsulfuron was a suitable herbicide in tomato to control broomrape. Rimsulfuron at doses of 25, 50 and 75 g ai/ha (three times of application) were the best doses, specially in viva were the best treatments for broomrape control and producing tomato biomass. Imazapic also, at 5 g ai/ha (two times of application) and 10 g ai/ha (single application) was an effective treatments in variety of viva. Imazamox treatments did not appear to be suitable herbicides in this study.

For investigating of O. aegyptiaca control in tomato with sulfosulfuron and glyphosate and evaluating the efficacy، dose and time of application، some studies were conducted in 2011 at Aarhus university of Denmark. At first، the efficacy of sulfosulfuron (0. 029، 0. 147، 0. 735، 3. 676 and 18. 378 mg per lit) and glyphosate (0. 023، 0. 117، 0. 587، 2. 935 and 14. 676 µl per lit) on Egyptian broomrape seeds were tested in vitro without a host plant by using of GR24. Then، the efficacy of these herbicides for broomrape control in two varieties of tomato (Viva and Hyb. Petopride II) in greenhouse conditions was investigated. Treatments in greenhouse experiments were four doses of sulfosulfuron (25، 50، 75 and 100 gr ai/ha) and glyphosate (20، 40، 60 and 80 gr ai/ha) at one، two and three application. First application was conducted 15 days after tomato seedlings transplanting and the time between two applications was 14 days. Results of Petri-dish experiment showed that both herbicides significantly reduced radical length of broomrape seeds compared to the untreated control. In pot experiments، two tomato varieties responses to herbicides were different. Viva cultivar was better than Hyb. Petopride II Cultivar in both herbicide applications. Sulfosulfuron at doses of 50 gr ai/ha (one، two and three times of application) and 25 gr ai/ha (two and three times of application) viva cultivar were the best treatments for broomrape control and producing tomato biomass. Also، glyphosate at doses of 20 and 40 gr ai/ha (one، two and three times of application) in this variety was safe for tomato and controlled broomrape. Sulfosulfuron was a safer herbicide than glyphosate for broomrape control in tomato