ژیلا میرلاشاری

Nurses have important role in providing emotional support, decreasing stress and educating the parents to involve them in care for premature infant. The aim of this study was discovering the NICU Nurses’ perception about involving the parents in care for infants.

This qualitative study was carried out based on interpretative phenomenological approach.  The study setting was three separate NICUs of three teaching hospitals affiliated with Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Eleven in-service NICU nurses were selected purposefully. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews and field notes and was analyzed using the seven-stage Diekelmann, Allen, and Tanner approach.

One of the important themes emerging in this study was “Patience to Progress” that included four subthemes of “Developing intellectual movement”, “Sending off the family to overpass the crisis”, “step by step until parents’ independency” and “help to correct decision making”.

Nurses’ experiences showed that there is developing intellectual movement on accepting the parents’ presence philosophy and their participation in the NICUs. This changing in nurses’ perception has occurred because of emphasis on family and NIDCAP importance. In nurses’ experiences involving parents in care for premature infant, is gradual and needs effort, patience, flexibility and continuous directing along with changing attitude.

Despite widespread implementation of family-centered care (FCC) in children’s hospitals, there is insufficient information about the degree of and barriers to its implementation. This study aims to determine the perspectives of nurses and physicians about barriers to FCC in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Material & It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample was all of the nurses and physicians working in the NICUs of the educational hospitals. Data was collected by a researcher-made valid questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS-PC (v.16).
“Units which are not equipped enough for family centered care implementation” (76.6%), “family problems (74%) and “Parents unwilling to stay in the units for a long time” (73.3%) were respectively the three most important barriers from nurses’ perspective. From physicians’ perspective, “Units which are not equipped enough for family-centered care implementation” (69%), “Parents unwilling to stay in the wards for a long time” (65%), and “absence of clear rules and guidelines for the level of involvement of parents in neonatal care” (64%) were respectively the three most important barriers to the implementation of family centered care.
Although nurses and physicians agreed upon two barriers but they were not so agree about other factors. To facilitate family centered care, it seems that consideration of the two groups’ perspective to provide an appropriate environment and needed changes in intensive care units is necessary.

Aim. This study aimed at examining the effect of nursing care training program on outcomes of mechanically- ventilated infants.
Background. Mechanical ventilation in infants is considered as an invasive procedures with complications such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, lung bleeding, obstruction or removal of the endotracheal tube, which are almost all preventable. Nurse have responsibility to avoid these complications.
Method. This study was a randomized clinical trial (outcome-based). The study included all infants undergoing mechanical ventilation in the neonatal intensive care unit of Comprehensive Women's hospital in Tehran. Nurses were trained over one month at bedside by the clinical instructor. Data on ventilator complications were collected of 120 cases from patient's medical records, before and after intervention. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 21.
Findings: A statistical significant decrease was seen in most outcomes. The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia declined from 35% to 18%, re-intubation decreased from 57% to 33%, pulmonary hemorrhage declined from 32% to 13%, and pneumothorax changed from 55% to 35%. Duration of mechanical ventilation and length of stay also decreased significantly after intervention. No statistically significant decrease was observed in retinopathy of prematurity and death.
Conclusion. Educational program, especially by the coach, is effective on most outcomes of the infants under mechanical ventilation. Taking into account the workload of nurses and problems with attending in educational classes outside of the ward, it is recommended to hold education at bedside for nurses to improve quality of education.

The increasing incidence of cardiovascular diseases and preventive or aggravating factors associated with it such as physical activities, feeling of malaise, stress, lack of well-being require ongoing investigations. This descriptive study was conducted to identify factors associated with physical activities in cardiac patients referring to health settings in Tehran. 400 patients were selected sequentially by a random multistage sampling method. A questionnaire in 3 parts including demographics, type of physical activities and restricting as well as facilitating factors was used for data collection. Different statistical tests were used for data analysis. Most patients (66.8%) had low to moderate daily activities and low to moderate exercise (70.4%). Restricting factors for physical activities included feeling of malaise (41%) and stress (35.7%). Facilitating factors including feeling of wellness and self-efficacy in exercise were inaccessible for 64.7% and 74.5% respectively. A significant relationship was found between restricting factors.

Secondry Prevention is Very important in breast cancer because when treatment is started,the breast mass will have smaler size. One of the most important way For Secondry Prevention of breast cancer is examination by Physician or health care provider.

In this Quasi experimental study that aimd to evaluating the effect of education about importance of CBE on attendance of kermanian teacher woman for examination, 501 subjects Participated. Schools were selected by multistage random sampling Method and divided in to experimental and control groups. An educational pamphelet were given to the experimental group and both groups were Informed about address and date of attendance. After two months an investigator-made questionnaire were responded by all of teachers.

The results showed there was not significant differences in two groups according to those variables Could be probably effective on attendance, with exception of mariage status and education level . The attendance rate for CBE in experimental grorp (17.3%) was Significantly (p<0.001) higher than control (6%). The relationships between attendance rate with Personal characteristics and variables related to breast Cancer revealed the significant difference with history of breast cancer in Family only in experimental group (p<0.05) ,so that the attendance rate in teachers with positive history were higher.

Although the attendanee rate is not stisfactory in two groups but using the educational pamphelet that is simple, Not expensive and needless to direct contact with educator, attendance rate in experimental group was three time higher than control group