فهرست مطالب کریم فرمان پور کلالق

In order to evaluate the genetic variation in Iranian summer savory accessions, different accessions were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis. Results indicated that there were significant differences in some traits. The mean comparison analysis using least significant difference (LSD) test revealed significant differences among the accessions understudy. In this regard, the highest significant means for traits were related to Mashhad, Tabriz 1, Tabriz 2, and Kermanshah accessions. Results of correlation analysis showed high positive correlation between total fresh weight and stem fresh weight and negative correlations between the number of leaflet per main stem and distance of internodes. This can be effective for investigating the interactions between traits. Based on the results of factor analysis, significant traits in the first factor, including total fresh weight, stem fresh weight, root fresh weight as well as total dry weight, stem dry weight, and root dry weight, were highly correlated with each other and were independent of the other factors. Therefore, the first factor was considered as the weight factor due to its high value of “communality” in the traits related to the weight. According to the cluster analysis, 29 accessions clustered into four groups, with those having similar phenotypes clustering into the same group. The discriminant analysis confirmed the accuracy of the grouping to be 97.2%. Considering the grouping, no relationship was found between the genetic variation and geographical distance of the accessions. However, the accessions in separate groups can be selected for breeding programs. The results of the present study can be considered useful for identifying and managing the germplasm of the Iranian summer savory.

Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.), considered as the ancestor of cultivated trees in Arasbaran region, is a medicinally and economically plant species. However, little is known about genetic diversity, breeding programs, and population structure of this species in mentioned region. Keeping this in view, the main objectives of present study were to analysis the genetic diversity, phylogenetic relationships and population structure of cornelian cherry genotypes from Arasbaran region using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat molecular markers. Utilized primers amplified 153 bands, of which 98 bands were polymorphic (64% polymorphism). Highest Jaccard’s similarity coefficient was obtained 0.777. Based on Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Averages, genotypes were divided into seven major groups. On the other hand, Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) as a complementary method to cluster analysis demonstrated genotypes grouping in phylogenetic dendrogram. Relatively low amount of three main components in Principal Component Analysis (PCA) (41.464%) indicated the scattering distribution of utilized primers’ sequence in cornelian cherry genome. The mean values of polymorphism information content, marker index, resolving power, observed number of alleles, effective number of alleles, Nei’s gene diversity, and Shannon’s information index were 0.230, 1.769, 4.7, 1,642, 1.498, 0.271, and 0.392 respectively. Population structure analysis showed the seven groups or sub- populations (K= 7) when the amount of K value was set at K= 2 to K= 10, which demonstrated the results of phylogenetic dendrogram and Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA). Results of this study can be useful for planning future studies on cornelian cherry germplasm and breeding programs.

Cornelian cherry is one of the most important small fruits in Arasbaran region, with wide applications in medicines and food products. In this study, the relationship among 28 quantitative and qualitative traits related to fruit, leaf, tree, and flower of 20 cornelian cherry genotypes was evaluated. Significant positive as well as negative correlations were found among some important quantitative and qualitative traits. Multivariate analysis method such as factor analysis was used to assign the number of main factors. It showed that the characteristics of fruit, leaf, petiole, and flower were the main traits. Effective traits were divided into 10 factors explaining 87.85% of the total variation. Factor loading values higher than 0.6 were considered significant. According to the cluster analysis of traits based on Squared Euclidean distance, all genotypes were divided into two main branches, but with decreasing of this distance from 25 to 5, the genotypes were placed into four main sub-clusters. Cluster analysis revealed that the traits of fruit length and its diameter, fruit stalk length and its diameter, fruit taste and color, leaf length and width, petiole length and its diameter, as well as pit length and its diameter were effective for clustering the genotypes.